FR4.TO5.2.ppt

SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES § Remote Sensing Lab, Dept. TSC, Building D3, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain and IEEC CRAE/UPC ∞ SMOS-Barcelona Expert Centre, Barcelona, Spain Tel. +34934054664, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: [email_address] N. Rodriguez-Alvarez § , A. Aguasca § , E. Valencia § , X. Bosch-Lluis § , I. Ramos-Perez § , H. Park § , A. Camps § ∞ , M. Vall-llossera § ∞ IGARSS’11 – Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 FR4.T05: GNSS Remote Sensing in Atmosphere, Ocean and Hydrology II

© R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],INDEX (1/14) SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

Use of Global Navigation Satellite Signals Reflections (GNSS-R) techniques REMOTE SENSING Ocean Land Ice ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],INTRODUCTION (2/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 Inland waters ,[object Object],[object Object],SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES Snow ,[object Object]

Based on he interference pattern of the GPS direct and reflected signals, after reflecting from the surface. Objective: GNSS-R Technique studied: The Interference Pattern Technique (IPT) Snow thickness monitoring. (3/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 INTRODUCTION SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

[object Object],[object Object],THE SMIGOL REFLECTOMETER The Soil Moisture Interference-pattern GNSS Observations at L-band (SMIGOL) Reflectometer is the instrument implementing the IPT. Figure 1. The SMIGOL Reflectometer architecture. elevation angle of GPS satellite changes (Fig. 2). ,[object Object],received interferometric power depends on the elevation angle (Fig. 3) ,[object Object],Figure 2. The received power is function of the GPS satellite position ,[object Object],(4/14) Figure 2. The received power is function of the GPS satellite position Figure 3. Received interference power as a function of the elevation angle © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

THE USE OF THE IPT FOR WATER LEVEL MONITORING Received interferometric power Where : Figure 4. The SMIGOL Reflectometer basic configuration FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INTERFERENCE PATTERN TECHNIQUE (5/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

(6/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INTERFERENCE PATTERN TECHNIQUE Figure 5. Received interference power assuming snow thickness layer of (a) 5 cm and (b) 40 cm. (a) (b) ,[object Object],[object Object],EFFECT OF THE SNOW THICKNESS SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES NOTCH NOTCHES

(7/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INTERFERENCE PATTERN TECHNIQUE THE ALGORITHM FOR RETRIEVAL ,[object Object],SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Figure 6. Theoretical evolution of notches. The notches position and the number of them (each black line defines the evolution of one notch) describe the snow thickness. The snow layer has been simulated considering a snow wetness volume of 2% and a snow density of 8 %.

FIELD EXPERIMENT (8/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 Figure 7. The measurements site, Pla de Beret, Vall d’Aran, Lleida, Spain ( 42º42’44’’N, 0º56’22’’E ) THE MEASUREMENT SITE SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

(9/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 Figure 9. SMIGOL-Reflectometer measuring snow thickness Figure 10. SMIGOL-Reflectometer field of view ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],FIELD EXPERIMENT SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES Figure 8. Ground-truth for half of the field experiment. THE MEASUREMENTS

(10/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 FIELD EXPERIMENT Figure 11. The SMIGOL-Reflectometer measured powers and the simulated powers by applying the algorithm for (a) satellite 16 on DoY = 303 and (b) satellite 31 on DoY = 344. THE PROCESSING ,[object Object],[object Object],SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

RESULTS (11/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 SNOW THICKNESS MAPS RETRIEVED SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

RESULTS © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 (12/13) SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES RETRIEVAL RESULTS. Correlation of the retrievals with the ground-truth snow thickness

CONCLUSIONS © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(13/14) SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

This work has been sponsored with funds from the Plan Nacional del Espacio of the Spanish Ministry in the frame of the project with reference ESP2007-65567-C04-02 and also by funds from the project with reference AYA2008-05906-C02-01/ESP and the project AYA2010-22062-C05-05/ESP. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (14/14) © R.S. Lab, UPC 2011. IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, 24 th -29 th July 2011 SNOW MONITORING USING GNSS-R TECHNIQUES

FR4.TO5.2.ppt

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FR4.TO5.2.ppt