1. RELATIVE
PRONOUNS

2. Os pronomes relativos introduzem orações
subordinadas adjetivas (restritivas ou
explicativas). Essas orações definem, limitam
ou acrescentam algo ao significado
antecedente.

3. Who / That
(Quem/que)
São usados quando o antecedente for pessoa
 The girl who/that arrived is beautiful

4. Which/That
(que)
 São usados quando o antecedente não for
pessoa
 The book which/that you suggested is good

5. O pronome relativo pode ser
sujeito ou objeto do verbo
 The girl who has just arrived is beautiful
(sujeito)
 The girl who I saw is beautiful (objeto)

6. Quando o pronome relativo for
objeto do verbo:
 ele pode ser omitido
 Who pode ser substituído por whom (que,
quem)
 The girl who/whom/that/ X I saw is pretty
 The dog which/ that/ X I saw is hurt

7. Após preposições usa-se:
 Whom (pessoa)
 which (não pessoa)
 Nesses casos o relativos não pode ser
omitido
 The girl about whom you are talking is my
sister
 The book about which you are talking is
expensive

8.  The woman who called you is my friend.
 The woman whom/ who you called is my
friend.
 The woman that called you is my friend.
(informal)
 The woman that you called is my friend.
(informal)

9. Subject who vs. Object whom
Pronouns
 WHO - SUBJECT OF THE CLAUSE / WHOM - OBJECT OF THE
CLAUSE
The woman who called you is here.
Subject can´t omit
The woman (whom) you called is here.
You can omit the object pronoun.
The woman (that) you called is here.
You can omit the object pronoun.

10. How do you know if it takes the
place of an object?
 If the relative pronoun is followed by a verb,
then it is likely that the relative pronoun is the
subject of the clause. It cannot be deleted.
 If the relative pronoun is followed by a subject
noun or pronoun – I, we, he, she, they – then
that or who must be the object and it can be
deleted.

11.  They guy who showed us his car appears to
be honest. (Cannot delete who.)
(verb)
 The guy [who/whom] we spoke to appears
to be honest. (Can delete who.)
(subject pronoun)
 The guy who sold me the car
disappeared.
 (Cannot delete who.verb)

12.  The guy [who/whom] Jack sold the car to is
angry. (Can delete who.)
(subject pronoun)
 The driver who probably hit my car lives next
door. (Cannot delete who.)
(adverb + verb)
 The driver [who/ whom] Jack and I probably
hit is angry. (Can delete who.)
(double subject pronoun)

13. Whose
Cujo, cuja, cujos, cujas
É usado para mostrar relação de posse. É
sempre seguido por um substantivo e nunca
pode ser omitido
 The man whose son was sick wants to talk to
you
 The house whose windows are open is for
sale

14. Put in the relative who, which or
whose where necessary. Type an x if
the relative pronoun can be left out.
1) This is the boy______ had an accident.
2) Yesterday I saw a car______ was really old.
3) Mandy is the girl_______ I met on Friday.
4) I haven't seen Frank,________ brother is
five, for a long time now

15. 4) I haven't seen Frank,_____ brother is
five, for a long time now.
5) The robber stole the car____ the lady
parked in front of the supermarket.
6) This is the man________ house is on
fire.
7) Can I talk to the girl________ is sitting
on the bench?

16. 8) The book________ you gave me is
great.
9) She likes hamburgers are hot.
10) Bill Clinton,________ was President
of the USA, has only one daughter