2. IntroductionIntroduction
M.M Devan Dictum “Aim of a prosthodontist isM.M Devan Dictum “Aim of a prosthodontist is
not only the meticulous replacement of what isnot only the meticulous replacement of what is
missing, but also perpetual preservation ofmissing, but also perpetual preservation of
what is present”what is present”
Complete denture must function in harmonyComplete denture must function in harmony
with the remaining natural tissues so for thewith the remaining natural tissues so for the
success, a through knowledge of the anatomysuccess, a through knowledge of the anatomy
is a must.is a must.
4. Labial frenumLabial frenum
Single band of fibrousSingle band of fibrous
connective tissueconnective tissue
Properly relievedProperly relieved
5.
6. Labial vestibuleLabial vestibule
Extends from labial frenumExtends from labial frenum
to buccal frenum.to buccal frenum.
Proper lip support should beProper lip support should be
provided.provided.
7.
8. Buccal frenumBuccal frenum
Consist of one or moreConsist of one or more
bands.bands.
RelievedRelieved
Influenced by 3 musclesInfluenced by 3 muscles
Orbicularis oris (forward)Orbicularis oris (forward)
Buccinator (backward)Buccinator (backward)
Caninus (position)Caninus (position)
9.
10. Buccal vestibuleBuccal vestibule
Buccal frenum to hamularBuccal frenum to hamular
notchnotch
Influenced byInfluenced by
BuccinatorBuccinator
ModiolusModiolus
Coronid process of mandibleCoronid process of mandible
11. Alveolar ridgeAlveolar ridge
Ridge left after the extractionRidge left after the extraction
of teeth.of teeth.
Mucosa is firmly attached toMucosa is firmly attached to
the periosteum of the bone.the periosteum of the bone.
Consist of dense collagenous fibers.Consist of dense collagenous fibers.
15. Hamular notchHamular notch
Pterygomaxillary notchPterygomaxillary notch
Distal extension of dentureDistal extension of denture
Identifying the PPS area.Identifying the PPS area.
Situated between the tuberosity andSituated between the tuberosity and
hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate.hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate.
16. Hard palateHard palate
Flat areas as secondaryFlat areas as secondary
retentive areas.retentive areas.
U shaped palateU shaped palate
Flat palate (not good support)Flat palate (not good support)
V shaped palate (least favorable)V shaped palate (least favorable)
17. Fovea palatineFovea palatine
Formed by coalescence ofFormed by coalescence of
several mucous gland ducts.several mucous gland ducts.
Landmark for location ofLandmark for location of
vibrating line.vibrating line.
18.
19. Mid palatine sutureMid palatine suture
Junction of palatine processJunction of palatine process
of maxilla.of maxilla.
Covered by a thin mucosaCovered by a thin mucosa
Slightly elevated or raisedSlightly elevated or raised
Proper relief required.Proper relief required.
20.
21. Incisive papillaeIncisive papillae
Pad of fiberous connectivePad of fiberous connective
tissue over incisive foramentissue over incisive foramen
Proper relief should be given.Proper relief should be given.
Aid in arrangement of anterior teeth andAid in arrangement of anterior teeth and
jaw relation.jaw relation.
22.
23. RugaeRugae
Resist the horizontal forcesResist the horizontal forces
against the denture.against the denture.
Should not be overShould not be over
compressed.compressed.
24.
25.
26. Mandibular land marksMandibular land marks
1.1. Labial frenumLabial frenum
2.2. Labial vestibuleLabial vestibule
3.3. Buccal frenumBuccal frenum
4.4. Buccal vestibuleBuccal vestibule
5.5. Buccal shelf areaBuccal shelf area
6.6. Retromolar padRetromolar pad
7.7. Pear shaped padPear shaped pad
8.8. Lingual frenumLingual frenum
9.9. Lingual vestibuleLingual vestibule
27.
28. Labial frenumLabial frenum
Single narrow bandSingle narrow band
Usually shorter andUsually shorter and
wider than maxillary.wider than maxillary.
29.
30. Labial vestibuleLabial vestibule
Between labial andBetween labial and
buccal frenumbuccal frenum
Support to the lower lip.Support to the lower lip.
31. Buccal frenumBuccal frenum
Single or more bands.Single or more bands.
More clearance requiredMore clearance required
32.
33. Buccal vestibuleBuccal vestibule
Extend up to externalExtend up to external
oblique ridge.oblique ridge.
Denture borders mayDenture borders may
overextend in this regionoverextend in this region
34.
35. Buccal shelf areaBuccal shelf area
It is the primary stressIt is the primary stress
bearing area.bearing area.
Consist of thick corticalConsist of thick cortical
bone & dense connectivebone & dense connective
tissuetissue
36.
37.
38. Retromolar pad areaRetromolar pad area
Forms the distal end ofForms the distal end of
the denture.the denture.
Consist of looseConsist of loose
connective tissueconnective tissue
39. Pear shaped padPear shaped pad
Aggregation of mucousAggregation of mucous
glands and loose,glands and loose,
connective tissue.connective tissue.
Formed after residualFormed after residual
scar of third molar.scar of third molar.
Muscle attachmentsMuscle attachments
Posteriorly – temporalis tendonsPosteriorly – temporalis tendons
Laterally – buccinatorLaterally – buccinator
Medially – pterygomandibular raphe and superiorMedially – pterygomandibular raphe and superior
constrictor of pharynx.constrictor of pharynx.
40. Lingual frenumLingual frenum
Fibrous band of tissueFibrous band of tissue
that overlies genioglossusthat overlies genioglossus
Proper clearance requiredProper clearance required
41. Lingual vestibuleLingual vestibule
Divided into threeDivided into three
Anterior vestibuleAnterior vestibule
Middle vestibuleMiddle vestibule
Distolingual vestibuleDistolingual vestibule
42. AnteriorAnterior
Also called sublingual crescent areaAlso called sublingual crescent area
Structures presentStructures present
Genioglossus musclesGenioglossus muscles
Lingual frenumLingual frenum
Anterior portion of sublingual glandAnterior portion of sublingual gland
43.
44. MiddleMiddle
Also called mylohyoid vestibuleAlso called mylohyoid vestibule
Is the largest portion of lingual vestibuleIs the largest portion of lingual vestibule
Structures seenStructures seen
Mylohyoid muscleMylohyoid muscle
Sublingual glandSublingual gland
45.
46. PosteriorPosterior
Also called lateral throat form orAlso called lateral throat form or
retromylohyoid fossaretromylohyoid fossa
BoundariesBoundaries
Anteriorly – mylohyoid muscleAnteriorly – mylohyoid muscle
Laterally – pear shaped padLaterally – pear shaped pad
Posteriorly – retromylohyoid curtainPosteriorly – retromylohyoid curtain
Medially - tongueMedially - tongue