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Chapter 36
!
Unemployment and
Inflation
Economic Cycle
Saudi Inflation Rate
A.W. Phillips	

(1914 - 1975)
Phillips Curve
Relationship	

between	

Inflation and	

Unemployment
Phillips Curve
A curve that shows the
short-run trade-off
between unemployment
and inflation
George Akerlof	

(1940 - )	

Nobel Prize 2001
"Probably the
single most
important
macroeconomic
relationship is
the Phillips
curve."
Inflation	

Rate
Unemployment Rate
Phillips Curve
1961
1963
1962
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
Inflation	

Rate
Unemployment Rate4% 7%
6%
2%
Phillips Curve
Tradeoff	

High Inflation and Low Unemployment	

Low Inflation and High Unemployment
Milton Friedman	

(1912 - 2006)
Is there a 	

long term	

relationship	

between	

Inflation and	

Unemployment?
Inflation	

Rate
Unemployment Rate
1961
1963
1962
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
Inflation	

Rate
Unemployment Rate
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
No Relationship
Milton Friedman	

(1912 - 2006)
No 	

Long Run	

Structural	

Relationship	

between	

Inflation and	

Unemployment
Short-Run
!
!
Long-Run
Inflation can reduce
unemployment	

!
Inflation and unemployment
are unrelated	

!
!
Inflation	

Rate
Unemployment Rate
Phillips -Friedman Curves
Short-Run
Long-Run
No relationship	

because LRAS is vertical
Price	

Level
Quantity of Output
P1
AD- AS Model
Aggregate
Demand
Short Run	

Aggregate	

Supply
Y1 Y2
P2
Long Run	

Aggregate	

Supply
P3
Natural Rate Hypothesis
The claim that
unemployment returns to
its normal, or natural rate
regardless of the rate of
inflation
Disinflation
reduction in the rate of
inflation - slows down
Deflation
reduction in the price level
go in reverse
Saudi Inflation Rate
Deflation
Disinflation
1.What is the Phillips Curve?	

!
2.What is the Friedman Curve?	

!
3. Can inflation be good?	

!
4.What is worse, inflation or deflation?	

!
5.What is disinflation?

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Eco 202 ch 36 unemployment and inflation