This presentation discusses electronic waste (e-waste) and its management. It notes that e-waste is the fastest growing waste stream and includes discarded electronics like computers, phones, and appliances. E-waste contains toxic materials like lead, mercury, and arsenic. The presentation outlines the impacts of e-waste on health and the environment if not properly managed and recycled. It proposes solutions like encouraging refurbishing, implementing sustainable product design and toxics-free materials, establishing formal e-waste collection and recycling systems, and improving public awareness of e-waste issues.

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Siddharth Bhansali
B.Com (Hons) 4 Sem
IB-2K13-48

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Introduction
E-Waste
Composition
Impacts of e-waste
Indian E-waste scenario
Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION
Electronics industry is the world's largest and fastest
growing manufacturing industry.
Rapid growth, combined with rapid product obsolescence
and discarded electronics is now the fastest growing
waste fraction, accounting for 8% of all municipal waste
in European Union (The Economist, 2005).
In developing countries, on an average it equals to 1% of
total solid waste and is expected to grow to 2% by 2010
(UNEP, 2009)

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e-waste
• Electronic waste or e-waste is any broken or
unwanted electrical or electronic appliance.
• E-waste includes computers, entertainment
electronics, mobile phones and other items
that have been discarded by their original
users.
• Composition includes :
• •High-quality plastics
• •Valuable metals
• •Toxic and hazardous pollutants

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Indian Scenario: Numbers tell the story
• Historic Waste: Over 20 Lakhsold PCs ready
for disposal in India
• Every year, 30000 computers become obsolete
• Last year, 8.1 million PCs and notebooks sold
• More than 100 thousand servers sold
• By May 2012, India had 929.37million mobile
phone base
• …………And every month, 10 million new
mobiles are added
• It has theworld's third-largestInternet user-
base with over 137 million as of June 2012.

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E-waste accumulation

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E-Waste: Main Sources
• Imports
• Govt., public and private sector
discards (over 70%)
• PC retailers, manufacturers
• Secondary market of old PCs
• Individual Households

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Problems
• Ewaste is the most rapidly growing waste problem
in the world.
• It is a crisis of not quantity alone but also a crisis
born from toxics ingredients, posing a threat to the
occupational health as well as the environment.
• Rapid technology change, low initialcost, high
obsolescence rate have resulted in a fast growing
problema round the globe.
• Legal framework , proper collection system
missing.
• Imports regularly coming to the recycling markets.
• In humanworking conditions for recycling.

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Hazardous Material
The recycling of hazardous substances, e.g.
carcinogens such as lead and arsenic ,CRT,
Capacitors, Mercury switches and relays, Batteries,
Liquid crystal displays is critical and poses serious
health risks and environment dangers of not
properly handled

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Of particular concern is Lead in e-waste
Lead is a toxic substances which may cause
lead poisoning and can be especially harmful
young children.
A typical 17-inch computer monitor contains
approximately 2.2 pounds of lead
the 500 million computers that became
obsolete between 1997 and 2007 will contain
nearly 1.6 billion pounds of lead

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E-waste Effects on Human
health:
• Damage to central and peripheral nervous
systems, bloodsystems and kidney damage
• Affects brain development of children Chronic
damage to the brain
• Respiratory and skin disorders due to
bioaccumulation in fishes Asthmatic
bronchitis
• DNA damage
• Reproductive and developmental
problems Immune system damage
• Lung Cancer
• Damage to heart, liver and spleen

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E-waste Management:
• E-waste management starts
right from the point of
production. Sustainable
Product Design ensures:
• 1. Toxics-free Products
• 2. 100% recyclability
• 3. Serviceability
• 4. Energy Efficient Products

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Toxics Free Products:
• Computer manufacturers should have a cradle-to-
graveapproach
• Products should be made with minimum toxic-
chemicals, resulting inconsequent toxic-free e-
waste
• Major Toxic Chemicals to be considered:
• 1. PVC
• 2. BFR
• 3. Antimony
• 4. Beryllium
• Product Packaging Optimization for minimum
Environmental Impact

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Refurbishing v/s Recycling:
 Although Refurbishing is a good option on paper,
practically it has notbeen very successful. Here’s
why:
1.Technology changes in Hardware and Software
render the oldcomputers non-refurbishablebeyond
a point
2.The refurbishing charges are relatively higher,
acting as a deterrent tothe customer to refurbish
3.Original Software licensing is not clear for
reused/refurbishedproducts
4.Prices of newer hardware keep on slashing
down, prompting thecustomer to buy a new-
product, rather than go thru the hassle of

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Energy Efficient Products:
• Product should be Energy Star 5.0
compliant-20% savings on bills and20%
lesser CO2emissions in the air
• Product should have energy Optimizing
software features
• Major components to consider:
• 1. Display: LCD displays save energy
• 2. Processor: New Generation
processors are more energy efficient
• Are we as consumers willing to pay a
little extra premium to protect the
• environment

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Each one of us has a role to play!
Need for a e-waste policy and legislation
Encourage and facilitate organized recycling
systems
Should subsidies recycling and disposal
industries
Collect fee from manufactured/consumers for
the disposal of toxic material
Incentive schemes for garbage collectors and
general public for collecting and handling over
e-waste
Awareness programs on e-waste for school
children and general public

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