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    The ROI of Sustainability
          Making the Business Case


                 May 2009
         Jhana Senxian, Cindy Jutras
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 2




                       Executive Summary
Far from being a philanthropic "nice to have," top performing organizations      Research Benchmark
view sustainability as a "must have" strategy for long term business viability   Aberdeen’s Research
and success. Sustainability brings together strategies to ensure optimal         Benchmarks provide an in-
performance related to the business, the environment, and society. This          depth and comprehensive look
report serves as a roadmap for those attempting to match environmental           into process, procedure,
and social stewardship to clear, actionable, and measurable improvements         methodologies, and
to their bottom lines – thus ensuring the sustainability of their business       technologies with best practice
ecosystem.                                                                       identification and actionable
                                                                                 recommendations.
Best-in-Class Performance
Aberdeen used six key performance criteria to distinguish Best-in-Class
companies, with top performers achieving 6% to 10% reduction in a variety
of costs while also making strides in retaining customers:
    •   9% reduction in carbon footprint
                                                                                 "Sustainability initiatives reduce
    •   6% reduction in energy costs                                             our costs and strengthen our
                                                                                 company and brand image.
    •   7% reduction in facilities costs                                         Sustainability initiatives enable us
    •   10% reduction in paper costs                                             to develop new products that
                                                                                 better meet customer and
    •   7% reduction in transportation / logistics costs                         societal needs and desires.
    •   16% increase in customer retention                                       Younger employees hold strong
                                                                                 environmental values and are
                                                                                 attracted to companies that
Competitive Maturity Assessment                                                  share these values. Our
Survey results show that the firms enjoying Best-in-Class performance            sustainability strategy focuses on
                                                                                 the Triple Bottom Line – so we
shared several common characteristics:
                                                                                 have integrated our business
    •   The Best-in-Class are 52% more likely to incorporate sustainability      sustainability goals with social
        metrics into value chain performance management                          and environmental stewardship
                                                                                 goals. This has resonated
    •   74% of the Best-in-Class have an organization-wide sustainability        tremendously with customers
        policy compared to 58% of all others                                     and our employees, as well."
                                                                                   ~ Chief Sustainability Officer,
Required Actions                                                                      Large European Food and
                                                                                            Beverage Company
In addition to the specific recommendations in Chapter Three of this
report, to achieve Best-in-Class performance, companies must:
    •   Implement role-based dashboards to enable the streamlined and
        user-friendly delivery of action items and consolidated views
    •   Incorporate sustainability metrics into corporate objectives and
        measure to prove that the initiatives produce real business results




© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                  Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                              Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 3




Table of Contents
Executive Summary....................................................................................................... 2
  Best-in-Class Performance..................................................................................... 2
  Competitive Maturity Assessment....................................................................... 2
  Required Actions...................................................................................................... 2
Chapter One: Benchmarking the Best-in-Class ..................................................... 4
  Business Context ..................................................................................................... 4
  The Maturity Class Framework............................................................................ 5
  The Best-in-Class PACE Model ............................................................................ 6
  Best-in-Class Strategies........................................................................................... 7
  Challenges to Achieving Sustainability Business Benefit ................................. 9
Chapter Two: Benchmarking Requirements for Success ..................................12
  Competitive Assessment......................................................................................14
  Capabilities and Enablers......................................................................................15
Chapter Three: Required Actions .........................................................................21
  Steps to Success for All Companies ..................................................................21
  Laggard Steps to Success......................................................................................21
  Industry Average Steps to Success ....................................................................22
  Best-in-Class Steps to Success ............................................................................22
Appendix A: Research Methodology.....................................................................24
Appendix B: Related Aberdeen Research............................................................26

Figures
Figure 1: Top 3 Pressures Driving Sustainability Initiatives................................. 4
Figure 2: Sustainability's Role in Corporate Strategy............................................ 6
Figure 3: Top 3 Strategic Actions of Best-in-Class................................................ 8
Figure 4: Top Four Challenges Faced ....................................................................... 9
Figure 5: ROI Analysis Complete or Underway ..................................................10

Tables
Table 1: Top Performers Earn Best-in-Class Status.............................................. 5
Table 2: The Best-in-Class PACE Framework ....................................................... 7
Table 3: The Competitive Framework...................................................................14
Table 4: "No Plans to Invest" Vary by Maturity Class ........................................20
Table 5: The PACE Framework Key ......................................................................25
Table 6: The Competitive Framework Key ..........................................................25
Table 7: The Relationship Between PACE and the Competitive Framework
.........................................................................................................................................25




© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                                                                        Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                                                                    Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 4




                   Chapter One:
            Benchmarking the Best-in-Class
Business Context
                                                                                      Fast Facts
Far from being a philanthropic “nice to have,” top performing organizations
view sustainability as a “must have” strategy for long-term business viability        √ Best-in-Class are 52% more
and success. For 59% of the 200+ respondents to Aberdeen's survey for                   likely to use sustainability to
Sustainability Matters: The Corporate Executives Strategic Agenda, sustainability       guide major portions of their
does or will soon guide major parts or the entirety of their corporate                  corporate strategy
strategy. Top performers excel at matching potentially hard to grasp                  √ Best-in-Class are 52% more
concepts like environmental and social stewardship to clear, actionable, and            likely to incorporate
measurable improvements to their bottom lines.                                          sustainability metrics into
                                                                                        value chain performance
The desire for social and environmental stewardship is the top pressure                 management
driving sustainability efforts (Figure 1). The connection between Corporate
Responsibility (CR) and sustainability is better understood when it is                √ Best-in-Class managed to
realized that CR and stewardship represent a subset of activities that aligns           reduce energy costs by 6%
with sustainable business success. The combination of a struggling economy,             while Industry Average
                                                                                        experienced a 4% increase
a fast-changing and hyper-competitive market, and a myriad of
                                                                                        and Laggards increased by
environmental challenges creates the need for companies to be highly                    18%
efficient, collaboratively integrated, and able to demonstrate superior levels
of CR. Sustainability entails a form of corporate self-regulation and                 √ Top performers managed a
transparency in adherence with laws, ethical standards, international norms,            16% increase in customer
and also awareness of the business value for positively impacting the                   retention rates while driving
                                                                                        sustainability-related costs
environment and society.
                                                                                        down by an average of
                                                                                        almost 8% across the board
Figure 1: Top 3 Pressures Driving Sustainability Initiatives
                 Desire for social and
           environmental stewardship                                         56%

                 Increase or maintain
              brand reputation / value                                 48%
                                                                                        "Our sustainability initiative has
       Need for competitive advantage                                  46%              taken over our corporate
                                                                                        business plan and informs our
                 Stakeholder pressure                      29%                          annual strategic planning
                                                                                        process / goal setting."
                  Rising energy costs                22%
                                                                                            ~ Partner, North American
        Present or expected regulatory                                                           General Manufacturer
                                                     22%
                compliance mandates

                                     0%        20%               40%         60%

                                          Percentage of All Respondents

                                                   Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009

Almost half of survey respondents see a correlation between sustainability
and their competitive positioning, either through enhancing reputation and
brand value or by being proactive regarding stakeholder and regulatory

© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                         Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                     Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 5




expectations and mandates. The emergence and evolution of regulatory                Glossary of Key Terms
mandates in a growing number of geographies related to the trade,                   Sustainability brings together
reporting, and / or disclosure of green house gases (GHGs) for example,             social, environmental, and
increase the need to treat sustainability and CR as a central component of          economic goals with the
businesses’ long-term viability and license to operate.                             intention of ensuring that the
                                                                                    needs of the present are met
Reaction to volatile energy costs also adds to the pressures driving the            without compromising the
sustainability agenda. Both in business and at the consumer level, such things      ability to meet the needs of the
as ensuring that the firm utilizes resources in a highly efficient manner and       future. The long-term viability
engages ethically with communities near and far become all the more critical        and prosperity of the business
when corporate wallets feel the impact of such factors as wasteful practices        ecosystem depend on the long-
or public censure. The improved ability to connect with clients in a manner         term viability and prosperity of
that increases customer loyalty decisively transitions sustainability strategy      the social and environmental
from a "feel good" public relations effort into a market necessity.                 ecosystems.
                                                                                    Corporate Responsibility
                                                                                    (CR) posits that firms have a
The Maturity Class Framework
                                                                                    responsibility to be social and
While the overall goal of successful sustainability efforts will be to reduce       environmental stewards and
energy related expenses, to do so at the expense of the customer does not           that having a positive impact on
signal responsible action. Customers vote with their wallets. Therefore             society and the planet is as
these cost reductions are tempered with a company's ability to retain               important as profit.
customers.                                                                          Triple Bottom Line (TBL)
                                                                                    determines that a business has
Table 1: Top Performers Earn Best-in-Class Status                                   positive impacts on the three P's
                                                                                    (people, profit, and planet) and
    Definition of                                                                   is a standard framework for CR
                                       Mean Class Performance                       agendas.
   Maturity Class
                             9% reduction in carbon footprint                       Millennium Development
                             6% reduction in energy costs                           Goals (MDGs) are eight goals
    Best-in-Class:
                                                                                    agreed upon by every country in
       Top 20%               7% reduction in facilities costs
                                                                                    the world and leading
      of aggregate           10% reduction in paper costs                           development institutions that
  performance scorers        7% reduction in transportation / logistics costs       form a blueprint to combat
                             16% increase in customer retention                     global poverty. Many companies
                             6% reduction in carbon footprint                       have aligned their TBL strategies
                                                                                    to address one or more of the
  Industry Average:          Increase in energy costs contained to 4%
                                                                                    MDGs.
      Middle 50%             1% reduction in facilities costs
      of aggregate           5% reduction in paper costs                            Green refers to practices,
  performance scorers                                                               processes, and products that
                             1% reduction in transportation / logistics costs       have a minimal impact on the
                             5% increase in customer retention                      health of the environmental
                             5% increase in carbon footprint                        ecosystem. The emphasis is on
                             18% increase in energy costs                           non-hazardous, recyclable,
       Laggard:
                                                                                    reusable, and energy efficient
     Bottom 30%              18% increase in facilities costs
                                                                                    products and processes.
      of aggregate           12% increase in paper costs
  performance scorers        19% increase in transportation / logistics costs
                             4% increase in customer retention
                                                 Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009



© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                       Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                   Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 6




For many companies, the overall goal of a successful sustainability strategy is
to improve operational efficiencies and brand value, as well as social and
environmental performance. As illustrated in Figure 2, while sustainability
guides the entire strategy of just below 20% of respondents, the Best-in-
Class are 52% more likely than all others to use sustainability to guide major
portions of their corporate strategy. Figure 2 also provides insight into the
way in which organizations embrace sustainability initiatives, whether they
are integrated with or separate from overall corporate strategies.

Figure 2: Sustainability's Role in Corporate Strategy

                                                                           41%              "We have extensive plans and
              Guides major parts
                                                               27%                          some of them are laid out in our
                                                                                            first sustainability report. In
                                                         22%
              Guides minor parts                                                            general, we have been reporting
                                                        21%
                                                                                            emissions from our main US
                                                       19%                                  factory for years and are always
              Guides the entirety
                                                       19%                                  trying to reduce our greenhouse
                                                                                            gas emissions as well as to ensure
                                        7%
             Will be a major part                                                           the safety of the environment
                                              11%
                                                                                            through the use of our products.
                                        7%                                                  Our products are used in animal
           Is a separate initiative
                                                 13%                                        agriculture and, when used
                                                                                            properly, they reduce
                                       4%                            Best-in-Class
             Will be a minor part                                                           environmental load generated by
                                            8%                       All Others
                                                                                            the animal livestock industry. We
                                  0%                  25%                        50%
                                                                                            are a global company and make
                                            Percentage of Respondents
                                                                                            an effort to minimize
                                                                                            transportation miles by combining
                                                         Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009   loads and optimizing delivery
                                                                                            routes. Board-level support for
The Best-in-Class PACE Model                                                                the ROI is required for major
                                                                                            capital initiatives.”
To achieve sustainability goals, companies must use a combination of
strategic actions, organizational capabilities, and enabling technologies that                   ~ Director, Mid-sized North
can be summarized as follows:                                                                     American Agricultural Input
                                                                                                                     Provider
    •   Incorporate sustainability criteria into business improvement
        programs
    •   Establish an executive-level champion responsible for enterprise-
        wide sustainability initiatives
    •   Incorporate sustainability metrics into corporate objectives and
        measure to prove these initiatives produce real business results




© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                              Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                          Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 7




Table 2: The Best-in-Class PACE Framework
    Pressures                 Actions                         Capabilities                              Enablers
 Desire for social       Incorporate             Sustainability criteria has been integrated    Traceability solutions
 and environmental       sustainability          into business process improvement              Performance Management
 stewardship             metrics for value       programs (i.e. Lean, Six Sigma)                Applications
                         chain performance       Executive-level leader is responsible for      Business Intelligence
                         management              company-wide sustainability initiatives        platform and tools
                         Adopt or expand         Real-time visibility into sustainability       Quality / Process
                         sustainable /           conformance across value chain                 Management applications
                         responsible / ethical   Third-party verification of sustainability     On-line, real-time
                         procurement and         or Corporate Responsibility performance        dashboards
                         sourcing strategy
                                                                                          Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009

Yet, despite the compelling array of drivers and benefits of well-conceived
and managed sustainability strategy, for 46% of companies surveyed, budget
challenges remain an impediment to sustainability initiatives and 42% still find          "At our company, we interact
it difficult to demonstrate quantified business value and Return on                       with several thousand farmers
Investment (ROI) in order to effectively make the business case for                       directly world-wide and have
sustainability. So, though the rate of adoption of sustainability strategy                implemented sustainable farming
increases, the need for companies to monitor, measure, and communicate                    practices to guarantee food
how sustainability impacts their performance on various levels is even more               safety, quality assurance and
urgent.                                                                                   competitively ensured supply to
                                                                                          our food factories over many
                                                                                          decades. The sourcing of
Best-in-Class Strategies                                                                  agricultural materials is key to
While the dominant business driver behind sustainability initiatives is the               our business. Therefore a number
overall desire to preserve the environment and demonstrate responsible                    of activities have been initiated
social stewardship (i.e. demonstrating Corporate Responsibility), companies               with suppliers to adhere to
                                                                                          changing practices and processes.
must make a strong business case in order justify corporate commitment.
                                                                                          This has resulted in not only a
Gone are the days when pretty pictures in the annual report were enough.                  better operational performance,
A growing number of companies must provide verifiable evidence of                         but also a more relevant and
mitigated social and environmental impacts. Yet, in order to justify the                  beneficial communication with
continued application of resources, companies must also demonstrate real                  our consumers / customers."
business results. The Best-in-Class are 52% more likely to incorporate
                                                                                               ~ Chief Environmental Officer,
sustainability metrics into the measurement of performance of the entire
                                                                                                   Large European Food and
value chain (Figure 3). This is often combined with sustainable sourcing                              Beverage Manufacturer
strategies, focusing not only within their own four walls but encouraging, or
even demanding suppliers demonstrate sustainable / responsible / ethical
practices.




© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                              Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                          Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 8




Figure 3: Top 3 Strategic Actions of Best-in-Class

     Incorporate sustainability metrics for                                    44%
   value chain performance management                                                    "Integrating and modernizing our
                                                                29%
                                                                                         supply chains offers us
             Adopt or expand sustainable                              37%                opportunities to reduce wastage
                        sourcing strategy                              39%               (...in some cases, 30% plus) from
           Implement staff collaboration /                         33%                   farm to fork, and allows us to
                    education initiatives                                39%             offer farmers and fishermen more
                     Implement customer                                                  remunerative prices while
                                                                   33%
                   collaboration initiatives         15%                                 charging consumers less. My
                                                                         Best-in-Class
                                                                                         company's CR programs include
            Redesign product strategy to                       30%
                                                                         All Others
                                                                                         livelihood support for fishermen
            align with sustainability goals                 25%
                                                                                         affected by the tsunami in
                  Adopt carbon footprint /                      30%                      Southern India (by donating
                 emissions reduction plan                             37%                fishing boats and equipment, and
                                                                                         setting up modern fish auction
                                           0%             25%                   50%
                                                Percentage of Respondents
                                                                                         centers on the East and West
                                                                                         coasts of India, training sheep
                                                    Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009     farmers to produce better quality
Few would argue the value of a brand being associated with not only quality              sheep and realize better prices,
products or services, but also with quality behavior and relationships.                  training farmers to grade and
                                                                                         package their products in ways
However, too many companies focus sustainability efforts on benefits that
                                                                                         that reduce spoilage during
are not measured at all, are measured inconsistently, or not communicated.               transportation, etc.) We have
As a result, the positive impact of sustainability initiatives on the efficiency,        trained fishermen to clean their
quality, and resilience of a company is often only anecdotally understood                fish holding tanks, thereby
while the work of making the business case in quantitative as well as                    reducing the percentage of the
qualitative terms is unevenly attended to.                                               catch that is spoilt at the time of
                                                                                         landing (due to bacterial
Successful sustainability efforts often require a change in corporate culture            contamination from previous
and values. This type of re-direction of thinking doesn't happen                         catches). Also, setting up modern
automatically, nor does it happen overnight. Education of staff is critical and          fish auction centers with the
collaboration is encouraged as efforts to reduce energy consumption and                  provision of ice-flaking machines
cost in one area of the company must not cause increased cost or                         and a modern cold chain has
consumption elsewhere in the enterprise or in the value chain. Top                       improved fish yields. Similar
performers take a more holistic view of their value chain. It is therefore not           successes have been achieved
surprising to see that the Best-in-Class are more than twice as likely to                with farm products through
                                                                                         grading, better handling and the
collaborate not only with suppliers, but with customers as well.
                                                                                         use of cold chains. Other
This would indeed have an impact on the product development cycle. Those                 examples include upgrading
not Best-in-Class would be well advised to follow the lead of our top                    government infrastructure,
performers. All others are 48% more likely to manage their carbon                        training sheep and goat farmers,
                                                                                         vaccinating sheep etc."
footprint and emissions after the fact than they are to redesign product
strategy with these goals in mind. The Best-in-Class place equal importance                  ~ Director, Large Indian Food
on both.                                                                                                       Wholesaler

The business case for sustainability is amply made as exhibited by the results
of top performing companies who are increasingly focused on a holistic,
lifecycle approach with thoroughly quantified business, environmental, and
social returns. Implementing an effective sustainability strategy involves
multiple steps, processes, and an intensive attention on measurement and
communication. This shift in focus results in a more agile, efficient, and
© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                            Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                        Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 9




resilient organization that increases quality and performance and attracts the
support and loyalty of stakeholders and customers alike. Sustainability
represents, in and of itself, a profound shift in global business paradigms,
systems of value, and models (and opportunities) of success.
Challenges to Achieving Sustainability Business Benefit
Most companies do face challenges in sustaining sustainability efforts (Figure
4). The top two challenges go hand-in-hand. Without a clear understanding
of ROI, justifying expenditures in the promotion of sustainability is that
much more difficult. However, Aberdeen data show that the difficulty in
demonstrating the ROI of sustainability is often more a matter of
inefficiency and inactivity around tracking, measuring, and communicating
sustainability progress, successes, challenges, and areas of opportunity.
When asked how company investments in technology (in support of                      "We have customers impose
sustainability initiatives) have paid off, on average 52% of Laggard firms           ‘green’ programs on us and this
claimed that they did not know, a clear indication of a lack of performance          is becoming a standard in our
management and communication practices that encompass both qualitative               industry. The generation of
and quantitative analysis and engagement.                                            ideas about how to affect the
                                                                                     3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle)
Figure 4: Top Four Challenges Faced                                                  is important to us and creates
                                                                                     innovative approaches to
                                                                                     tackling these issues. We have
                 Budget challenges                                     46%           to meet or exceed industry
                                                                                     standards in order to stay
                                                                                     competitive."
        Difficult to demonstrate ROI                                 42%
                                                                                     ~ Engineer, Mid-size Computer
          Fear of disrupting present
                                                                                                          Company
                business processes                    22%



                 Lack of knowledge                    22%


                                   0%   10%    20%      30%    40%     50%
                                         Percentage of Respondents

                                                  Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009
                                                                                     Conflation
These top four challenges get right at the heart of the issue that persists for
organizations with implemented sustainability agendas. Because sustainability        Conflation occurs when the
is often conflated with Corporate Responsibility, many organizations persist         identities of two or more
in viewing sustainability as a largely philanthropic and costly initiative that      concepts sharing some
delivers “soft” benefits and “intangible” outcomes. This misperception is            characteristics of one another
aided and abetted by the fact that terms like green, sustainability, and CR          (in this case sustainability and
                                                                                     Corporate Responsibility)
are used to connote a wide variety of meanings and intentions without a
                                                                                     become confused until there
clear sense of how business efficiency and success fits into the                     seems to be only a single
responsibility-framed picture. In short, organizations need the concrete             identity — the differences
benefits of sustainability initiatives spelled out in clear terms that connect       appear to become lost. By
back to business needs. No less importantly, they also need actionable steps         conflating sustainability and
to measure and communicate their performance, internally and externally.             CR, the importance of the
Not understanding…                                                                   business impact is often lost
                                                                                     or forgotten.
    •   if a quantifiable business case even exists for sustainability
© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                     Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                 Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 10




                              •    how sustainability answers key business pressures
                              •    what the vendor landscape looks like for solutions and services
                              •    how to get started
…remains a major impediment to successful action. In fact, it is important
to note that the Best-in-Class have a better grasp of the business case and
are advantaged by being more advanced in their understanding of
sustainability's ROI. They are 30% less likely than all others to say that they
are facing budget issues in support of their initiatives.
This study included a group of companies without sustainability initiatives
that nonetheless expressed an interest in the topic. While they did not
complete the main survey, they were asked a series of questions, including
one which asked them why they did not yet have sustainability initiatives. At
the top of the list was the inability to make the business case or to
demonstrate ROI (44%). And yet, 56% of these companies also indicated a
demonstrated ability to lower costs or increase profits would provide
sufficient incentives to adopt sustainability initiatives, second only to
contribution to creating a competitive advantage (68%).
This again underscores the conceptual gap between trendy rhetoric and the
reality of the volatile, global market where the sustainability of the business
ecosystem is inextricably linked to the sustainability of the social and
environmental ecosystems on which it depends for not only prosperity, but
also survival. Sustainability lends a competitive edge that delivers impressive,
quantified business results.
                                                 Aberdeen Insights — Strategy

 The ROI of sustainability can come from many different sources, some
 more easily quantified than others. Certainly, the specific cost reductions
 included in our Best-in-Class criteria are metrics that every socially
 responsible company can measure – and the rate of customer retention is
 a metric that every company should measure. Yet more than half of even
 our top performing companies has yet to subject sustainability initiatives
 to the same level of scrutiny they might to other investments (Figure 5).
 Figure 5: ROI Analysis Complete or Underway
  Percentage of Respondents




                                  50%          44%
                                                                     39%
                                  40%
                                                                                           33%
                                  30%

                                  20%

                                  10%

                                  0%
                                           Best-in-Class           Average               Laggard
                                                                        Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009

                                                                                                 continued

© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                                       Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                                   Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 11




                       Aberdeen Insights — Strategy

 Is this because they expect the benefits without any investment? If planned
 investment in software solutions to support sustainability efforts is any
 indication (and surely it is), the data indicate that this is not the case. In
 fact the majority of all survey respondents (87%) do indeed plan to invest
 and the Best-in-Class plan to invest 33% more than all others in software
 solutions and / or services to support their efforts. The planned
 investments are not insignificant, ranging from the average Laggard that
 plans to spend approximately $650,000 to the average Best-in-Class
 company that plans to invest more than $1.4 million. If viewed only from a
 cost perspective, these figures alone might serve as a deterrent to
 investing in sustainability, therefore making the estimation of ROI to cost
 justify initiatives that much more important.
 Past Aberdeen research has found that two elements of ROI calculation
 are required to produce optimal results. Using ROI estimates in order to
 cost justify a project sets the stage but it is also important to follow up
 and measure the actual ROI at various milestones – and once a specific
 project is completed. In fact, in managing the ROI of enterprise
 applications in general, those who combine these two steps in the process
 produce as much as double the business gain in targeted metrics.
 Sustainability should be approached with a similar level of commitment
 that tracks, quantifies, and communicates changes in organization-wide
 performance and achieved business benefit.

In the next chapter, we will see what the top performers are doing to
achieve these gains.




© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                            Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                        Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 12




               Chapter Two:
    Benchmarking Requirements for Success
Based on the findings in the Competitive Framework and interviews with             Fast Facts
end-users, Aberdeen’s analysis reveals that the Best-in-Class goal of              √ 74% of the Best-in-Class
achieving environmental and social stewardship is realized via company-wide          have organization-wide
policy regarding relations with partners and customers, product and service          sustainability policy,
development strategy, and day-to-day operational performance management              compared to 58% of all
and optimization.                                                                    others

               Case Study: The Dow Chemical Company                                √ 67% of Best-in-Class have
                                                                                     formalized staff education
 The Dow Chemical Company is a global leader in agricultural products,               and training on sustainability,
 chemicals, and plastics. Operating in over 175 countries, Dow has 46,000            compared to 54% of all
                                                                                     others
 employees and annual revenue of over $48 billion. Dow’s acclaimed
 corporate responsibility and sustainability platform holistically connects the
 needs of society and the environment with the needs of the business and
 demonstrate Dow’s commitment to the principles of Responsible Care, a
 voluntary, global framework that promotes safe, sustainable, and profitable
 goals and actions within the chemical industry.
 Dow’s sustainability platform is as broad as it is robust and involves
 commitments to building relationships in the communities within which it
 operates, reducing overall environmental impacts, innovating for improved
 product stewardship, and working aggressively to meet global challenges
 related to climate change, energy and water, and the Millennium
 Development Goals. Dow has articulated an array of sustainability goals to
 be achieved by 2015. They revolve around the three themes of:
     •   Collaborate. Dow has established a series of aggressive goals to
         ensure environmental and community health, safety, and success
         that include such things as community development projects and a
         75% improvement in key EHS performance indicators. By working
         closely with local stakeholders, Dow has set out a clearly defined
         and tracked roadmap to achieve enhanced relations, performance,
         and partnerships that improve overall community quality of life.
     •   Innovate. Dow takes a holistic, life-cycle, and cradle-to-cradle
         approach to product stewardship that will, by 2015, put into place
         public disclosure and transparency processes on comprehensive
         safety assessments and product risk characterizations of all of its
         products, globally. Further, Dow’s goals and actions focus on
         creating solutions and breakthroughs to meet global challenges
         with sustainable chemistry.
                                                                       continued




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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 13




     •   Elevate. Dow has contributed solutions geared to meet global
         energy and climate change challenges since 1990 and has taken on
         a series of goals that include a 25% reduction in energy intensity
         from 2005 to 2015, initiatives to slow, stop, and reverse global
         warming, advocacy for policy, and thought leadership around the
         adoption of sustainable practices. Dow’s strategic goals for
         superior business sustainability and corporate responsibility were
         challenged by a lack of a unified, integrated platform to easily track,
         analyze, and report on its enterprise-wide, EHS performance
         across its 200 facilities in the United States. The company had
         multiple and redundant legacy reporting systems hindered by
         inefficient interoperability and a lack of standardized best practices
         across its many facilities.
 In 2004, the Dow Environmental Reporting Project was charted to find and
 deliver a powerful, multi-media tracking and reporting solution for 200
 facilities across the United States. Dow implemented an integrated
 software solution that incorporates tracking, analysis, and reporting on air,
 waste, water, and chemical inventory performance, and that further
 allowed them to:
     •   Enable the interoperability of existing enterprise systems across
         the corporation
     •   Develop and standardized best practices with a powerful, unified
         reporting system across its large U.S. facilities
     •   Replace the numerous legacy reporting systems
 With the full engagement of stakeholders and leadership, a team of experts
 were assembled to direct the due diligence review, design, and
 implementation of the solution. The software solution allowed them to
 automate data capture, have interoperability, and streamline processes
 with templates, ad hoc query tools, uploaders, and interfaces.
 The system allowed them to have a centralized support structure that
 users could engage by role and responsibility across all US sites, which
 eliminated the need for redundant systems, support roles, and structural
 costs. To support the process changes, the team developed an impressive
 training and education initiative that included videos and training
 documentation for Dow’s intranet.
 In addition to enabling consistent performance tracking, analysis, and
 communication of its sustainability goals related to its EHS performance,
 Dow also achieved the following results:
     •   Elimination of over $2 Million in redundant legacy reporting
         systems
                                                                        continued




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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 14




     •   Preservation of Dow license to operate in 200 facilities at 35
         manufacturing sites
     •   Enhanced sustainability of its business through a common work
         process and interoperability with existing corporate systems
     •   Improved data quality and availability for business decision making,
         analysis, and reporting


Competitive Assessment
Aberdeen Group analyzed the aggregated metrics of surveyed companies to
determine whether their performance ranked as Best-in-Class, Industry
Average, or Laggard. In addition to having common performance levels, each
class also shared characteristics in five key categories:
    1. Process. The approaches they take to formulating and executing
       policies that apply to their daily operations
    2. Organization. Corporate focus and collaboration among
       stakeholders
    3. Knowledge Management. Contextualizing data and exposing it
       to key stakeholders
    4. Technology. The selection of appropriate tools and effective
       deployment of those tools
    5. Performance Management. The ability of the organization to
       measure its results to improve its business

Table 3: The Competitive Framework
                      Best-in-Class             Average               Laggards
                     Sustainability criteria are integrated into supply chain strategy
                            63%                    42%                    37%
                     Formal energy reduction policy has been developed and
                     implemented
    Process
                            56%                    50%                    42%
                     Efforts to reduce paper consumption have been formalized
                     and implemented
                            63%                    53%                    35%
                     Executive-level leader (or team) is responsible for company-
                     wide sustainability initiative
                            78%                    72%                    44%
Organization
                     Corporate Responsibility has been integrated into human
                     resources strategy
                            56%                    44%                    33%



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www.aberdeen.com                                                                               Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
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                      Best-in-Class             Average               Laggards
                     Real-time visibility into sustainability conformance across
                     value chain
                            30%                     17%                   5%
  Knowledge          Successes, challenges, and progress of sustainability initiatives
                     are communicated to internal stakeholders monthly or more
                     frequently
                            52%                     47%                   37%
                     Technology currently in use:
                      26% Role-based         17% Role-based         12% Role-based
                      sustainability /       sustainability /       sustainability /
                      green                  green                  green
                      dashboards             dashboards             dashboards
                      37% automated          19% automated          12% automated
                      sustainability         sustainability         sustainability
                      reporting              reporting              reporting
                      41% Carbon             32% Carbon             19% Carbon
                      footprint              footprint              footprint
                      modeling               modeling               modeling
 Technology           67% Traceability       52% Traceability       32% Traceability
                      Solutions              Solutions              Solutions
                      72% On-line            56% On-line            42% On-line
                      dashboards             dashboards             dashboards
                      80% Quality or         70% Quality or         63% Quality or
                      Process                Process                Process
                      Management             Management             Management
                      Solutions              Solutions              Solutions
                      76%                    60%                    54%                  "Our goal is to improve the
                      Sustainability /       Sustainability /       Sustainability /     company's overall use of
                      CR management          CR management          CR management        resources, resulting in lower
                      solutions              solutions              solutions            cost of product and distribution
                     Third-party verification of sustainability or Corporate             to improve competitiveness. A
                     Responsibility performance                                          side benefit is environmental
                                                                                         stewardship which will be used
 Performance                41%                     32%                   14%
                                                                                         in the sales and marketing
                     Carbon Footprint is tracked                                         process. Standard practices will
                            41%                     39%                   30%            be challenged and revised
                                                                                         through input from a large
                                                   Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009      group of employees. The ideas
                                                                                         foster innovative solutions to
Capabilities and Enablers                                                                improvements to the
                                                                                         corporation as a whole. This all
Based on the findings of the Competitive Framework and interviews with                   clearly ties to acceptance
end-users, Aberdeen reveals that the Best-in-Class have visibility into, and             within the local community, the
proactive management of, key policy-driven process and performance areas                 government, and attracts new
that tie together internal and external activities and goals. Top performers             customers."
are decidedly more focused on data analytics and carbon and have robust                   ~ Vice President, Large North
levels of leadership and educational initiatives to support their goals.                  American Chemical Company


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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 16




Process
As the top strategic action of Best-in-Class companies involves the
integration of sustainability metrics into value-chain performance
management (44%), it is not surprising to see Best-in-Class with better
defined policies, which are in turn integrated into their supply chain strategy.
In addition, efficiency and process optimization-driven programs such as
Lean and Six Sigma also come in line with sustainability standards and goals.
Fifty-two percent (52%) of the Best-in-Class versus 38% of all others have
already implemented this approach to business excellence. Likewise, 41% of
the Best-in-Class have integrated sustainability criteria into formal risk
analyses – a further indication of the increasing centrality of sustainability to
overarching corporate strategy.
Sustainability impacts process improvements related to the management of
resources, particularly of energy and paper – two key areas for driving
down costs and negative environmental impacts. Not only are the Best-in-
Class significantly more likely to focus on their supply chain strategy (63%
versus 40%) but they are also more likely to have an organization-wide
sustainability policy (74% versus 58%) supported by stakeholder education
(67% versus 54%). The combination of holistic policy and formalized
stakeholder education creates clear standards, goals, and metrics against
which to track, analyze, and communicate performance and understand
corporate successes and challenges. The Best-in-Class understand that the
way in which the company sets goals and measures sustainability success
should be clear, consistent, and formally conveyed. This approach also
allows organizations to assess and maintain the preparedness of its people.

Organization
Top organizations are differentiated by their greater commitment to
appointing executive leadership to champion sustainability. Seventy-two
percent (72%) of the Best-in-Class are able to boast a C-level executive in
charge of the success of their agenda. This is a robust area of advantage for
top performing firms as only 58% of all other companies have this level of
leadership guiding their sustainability strategy. The Best-in-Class are also
significantly more likely to have integrated their core values and actions
related to sustainability into their Human Resources strategy (76% versus
40%). The relevance of stakeholder management is a key aspect of Best-in-
Class outcomes. Compared to all others, the Best-in-Class have an
impressive set of capabilities related to organizational structure.
Though there are many thought leading organizations that were founded
with efficiency and standards of social and environmental stewardship
already integrated into their identity and strategy, the vast majority of
companies struggle to enact not only meaningful process changes but also
meaningful organizational culture and behavior changes. Interviews
conducted with respondents have revealed that thought leading companies
have incorporated such things as company paid / supported employee
volunteer time, sustainable offsite work space, CR-focused incentives, and
local and global development programs that attract and satisfy their people.
C-level champions work throughout the organization to ensure that the
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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 17




standards and goals of the company are effectively tailored and integrated
into the business units and relationship networks of the firm.

Knowledge Management
An enterprise-wide commitment to sustainability initiatives comes from a             Abbreviations Defined:
broad-based knowledge of the program and its impact on the person, the
company, society, and the planet. Though nowhere near as well-developed              √ RoHS: Restriction of
as it should be, the Best-in-Class are farther along the path of implementing          Hazardous Substances
                                                                                       Directive
effective knowledge management capabilities, with 37% utilizing scorecards
to convey performance standards and outcomes to both internal and                    √ WEEE: Waste Electrical and
external stakeholders, versus 22% of all others. For 30% of top performers             Electronic Equipment
(versus just 11% of all others) access to real-time information on
                                                                                     √ JGPSSI: Japan Green
sustainability-related conformance catalyzes a superior level of visibility and
                                                                                       Procurement Survey
proactive management capabilities that enable the organization to easily               Standardization Initiative
convey not only successes but also challenges / areas of opportunity.

                         Case Study — Tomkins plc
Tomkins plc is a global engineering and manufacturing group, listed on the
London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange, manufacturing
and distributing a variety of industrial, automotive and building products.
With annual sales over $5 billion and more than 32,000 employees, it is a
multi-national company serving these markets across North America,
Europe, Asia and the Rest of the World. According to the company’s third
annual Corporate Social Responsibility Report at Tomkins, social
responsibility is an integral part of its every day business practices and one
of the drivers of its success.
As part of this initiative, Tomkins has implemented an HSE [Health, Safety
and Environment] excellence award program. Participation in this process is
not voluntary for its manufacturing locations, but is optional for distribution
sites, warehouses and sales offices. However many of these non-
manufacturing locations choose to participate. “In order to participate,
locations must submit Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). We designed the
program so it provided reporting back to the participating locations in
order for them to derive benefits and improve their performance. We
included the usual sustainability metrics plus we encourage Continuous
Improvement programs. Each location must submit sustainable goals,” said
Amy Wright, Director, Environmental Management, Health and Safety.
To support these initiatives Tomkins implemented a Business Performance
Management solution focused on environmental, health and safety. “Prior to
implementing this solution we had a number of other data bases and three
to four applications in use. Trying to collect and manage data from 150
locations around the world was very difficult. We wanted a system pliable
enough to give us a centralized data base from which we could aggregate
the data from all our sites. Today all users can submit data and access
information in the same form and format. This makes it far easier to analyze
and report back.”
                                                                         continued

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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
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                         Case Study — Tomkins plc
Some of the sustainability metrics reported in Tomkins annual CSR Report
included total waste, landfill waste, total energy consumed, water
consumption and total greenhouse gas emissions. Most of the 150 locations
(127 to 132) are reporting on these various KPIs and more. “The system
helped us break out all energy related usage to help us determine who our
highest energy consumers were. It helped us make business decisions on
where we get the biggest bang for our buck in energy efficiency
improvements. Plant managers can now look at the results and say, ‘I didn’t
know I used that much natural gas. I didn’t realize how much I could save by
turning off the gas pilots in the summer.’ All this data now shows up on a
dashboard and managers can see all the components of their energy
profile.”
Tomkins is pleased with the progress achieved through its CSR program
and feels it is a means to engage employees around the world in support of
the environment, health, safety and sustainability. In light of the challenging
economic and financial pressures, Tomkins believes that excellence in CSR
is consistent with and enhances financial performance.


Technology                                                                        “We are trying to incorporate
A wide variety of technology solutions may come into play in the context of       sustainable business strategies
sustainability, but they tend fall into a manageable number of general            into our core business and
categories. A selected few of these categories were previously listed in          product planning. We believe
Table 3 with higher adoption rates observed in Best-in-Class companies.           that, in addition to it being the
                                                                                  right thing to do, it is also just
Compliance and traceability go hand-in-hand and require detail data               good, smart business – and is the
collection to preserve lot genealogy and produce compliance reporting.            way successful business will
Given today's current economic conditions, the changing regulatory climate,       compete and survive with energy
and the impact of product recalls, sustainability objectives only add to the      and raw material costs rising.
reasons compliance and traceability efforts have been elevated in                 Sustainable business reduces
importance. A whole host of technologies support these efforts from the           costs, improves efficiency,
plant or shop floor to the highest level of the enterprise. These solutions       reduces waste, and improves
                                                                                  profitability. The challenges
range from Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) to Enterprise Asset              continue to be to make this a
Management to Quality Management to Nonconformance / Corrective and               core component of our business
Preventive Action (NC / CAPA) to Statistical Process Control and others.          culture and not an initiative that
While many of these solutions hold a very traditional place in manufacturing,     is on the periphery. We are
sustainable production is a new focus for many companies in an attempt to         taking a broad view of these
                                                                                  initiatives and have focused on
make operations cleaner, safer, more energy efficient, and more
                                                                                  four key areas: environmentally
competitive, and therefore require a new twist and a new focus to these           preferable product development,
more traditional solutions. In addition, specialty solutions have emerged to      waste reduction and recycling,
manage carbon emissions and carbon models for green house gas emissions.          energy, and climate and
These are not yet pervasively used. While Best-in-Class are more than             environmental education.”
twice as likely to be able to model carbon footprints and track emissions,
                                                                                              ~ Mark Buckley, VP,
more than half (59%) have yet to take this step in their sustainability
                                                                                      Environmental Affairs, Staples
agendas.


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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
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But in considering the ROI of sustainability, performance management is at
the very heart of building the business case. Many of the technology tools
used by the Best-in-Class serve to increase visibility and performance
improvement. From dashboards (72%) to sustainability CR management
solutions (76%), the Best-in-Class go to great lengths to achieve a holistic
view of company-wide, sustainability performance and outcomes. Yet the
majority still relies on manual efforts for sustainability reporting, with only
37% of top performers indicating the reporting is automated.
True Best-in-Class sustainability is a matter of business being responsive to
both internal and external dynamically changing needs and expectations. The
ability of multiple levels of stakeholders to track, analyze, and communicate
both financial and non-financial information related to environmental, social,
and operational performance through the prism of responsibility and
efficiency results in greater visibility, agility, and proactive performance
improvement for the business.

Performance Management
Results of this study indicate that top performing organizations are more
holistic and quantitative in focus and demonstrate a more strategic approach
to their initiatives. Further, the Best-in-Class focus on measurement in
order to better manage company-wide performance. Sound management
practices include collaboration, communication, and constant adjustment
and reinvestment in improvements as needs and solutions develop. Without
this type of visibility and proactive management, sustainability could, for the
majority of companies, remain narrowly understood and not well
implemented, resulting in companies leaving a good deal of money,
opportunity, and innovation on the table. This improved management and
tracking of performance allows companies to effectively communicate and
connect with partners and customers in ways that deliver competitive
advantages in the market.
The Best-in-Class are significantly more likely to measure their performance
and to utilize third-party validation of their sustainability performance (41%
versus 23% of all others). This extra step provides not only credibility but
also practical support as the organization engages with an experienced
partner who can help assess progress and prioritize next steps. The result is
their ability to not only effectively track, manage, and report on
sustainability performance, but to provide verification of their sustainable
and corporate social responsibility programs for stakeholders, customers
and trading partners.
                                 Aberdeen Insights — Technology

 Respondents in this study were asked about the types of technology they either currently use or
 plan to implement. In addition to indicating short-term areas of focus, companies were also able
 to indicate that they had no planned implementations for a variety of technology categories. The
 significance of the areas of no planned implementations lies in the fact that Laggard organizations
 are least likely to invest in precisely the areas that most catalyze Best-in-Class success.
                                                                                             continued


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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
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                                 Aberdeen Insights — Technology

 Solutions that increase visibility, performance management, and the ability to communicate
 verifiable progress are typically of substantially lower interest for Laggard organizations than for
 the Best-in-Class and, in some instances, Average organizations. Table 4 is, as a result, instructive
 for organizations needing to decide where to start their investigation of technology categories to
 aid them with their sustainability goals.

 Table 4: "No Plans to Invest" Vary by Maturity Class
                                                                 Best-in-     Industry
                         No Plans to Use                                                   Laggard
                                                                  Class       Average
  Business Intelligence / Performance Management solutions         11%           19%         35%
  Scorecards                                                       15%           29%         33%
  Role-based dashboards                                            15%           18%         30%
  Energy Management software                                       19%           26%         47%
  Supply Chain Visibility platforms                                19%           24%         40%
  Asset Management software                                        22%           38%         47%
  Energy / Fuel calculators                                        22%           28%         33%
  Assessment solution or service                                   22%           26%         42%
  Sustainability / CR management solutions                         26%           31%         42%
  Carbon tracking                                                  26%           33%         56%
  Carbon Modeling                                                  26%           28%         37%
  Visibility solutions                                             26%           29%         42%
  Carbon / emissions calculators                                   30%           31%         54%
                                                                      Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009




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                          Chapter Three:
                         Required Actions
Whether a company is trying to move its performance from Laggard to                 Fast Facts
Industry Average, or Industry Average to Best-in-Class, the following               √ Best-in-Class are 40% more
recommendations will help spur the necessary performance improvements:                likely to focus on carbon
                                                                                      footprint reduction as a
Steps to Success for All Companies                                                    measure of success

    •   Measure so you can manage. From the Best-in-Class to the                    √ 72% of Best-in-Class use web-
        Average and Laggard organizations, the need to expand                         based dashboards compared to
        performance measurement and communication cannot be over-                     56% of Industry Average and
                                                                                      42% of Laggard firms
        emphasized. As is often said, it clearly stands repeating: you cannot
        manage what you don't measure and all maturity classes should
        focus on improving in that respect. Areas of key focus should
        include those related to carbon and energy as the impacts of
        reduction provide a bevy of opportunities to most effectively               "It's a new area of engagement
        improve operational efficiencies as well as build a path toward social      that requires new infusion of
        and environmental stewardship.                                              knowledge and technology. The
                                                                                    change process should open door
    •   Adopt role-based dashboards. All classes also stand to gain
                                                                                    to new way of thinking and
        crucial visibility and analytic capabilities into their impacts and areas   innovation. We have taken on
        of opportunity by expanding the adoption of role-based dashboards,          server virtualization, replacement
        tailored to the complex needs of sustainability and CR goals and            of lighting and air conditioning
        challenges.                                                                 equipment and education of staff
                                                                                    in energy management. Social and
                                                                                    environmental stewardship is a
Laggard Steps to Success                                                            part of corporate governance
    •   Get some leadership. In order for sustainability efforts to achieve         strategy that is incorporate in
        both immediate and sustained results, leadership and commitment             partner and customer
        from the top of the organization is a must. It is extremely difficult to    relationship management."
        implement changes in strategy, processes, and communication                      ~ Director, Small South East
        without the buy-in and support of true budget and authority                       Asian Computer Company
        holders. The Laggard organizations included in this study have
        sustainability programs in place and are investing in their initiatives.
        The likelihood of wasting those investments is great without a clear
        understanding from the top of the objectives, the impacts, and the
        benefits of its initiatives.
    •   Adopt organization-wide policy and standards. The lack of
        leadership in Laggard organizations unsurprisingly correlates to the
        lack of organization-wide vision articulated as policy. Without a
        cohesive and consistent standard and protocol, various business
        units and facilities can more easily enact a disjointed, and even
        contrary, approach to sustainability. Less than half of Laggards have
        formalized energy reduction policies or integrated sustainability
        criteria into their supply chain strategies. Laggard organizations need
        to be able to convey to its stakeholders, not only the larger mission
        but also the way in which sustainability-driven adjustments to day-
        to-day practices support corporate goals.
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    •   Educate your stakeholders. In line with the previous two
        Laggard recommendations, companies that invest in formal training
        and education of stakeholders demonstrate better performance
        overall. With formal awareness and training on the larger mission,
        new processes, and organizational protocols, employees can not
        only comply but also boost productivity and innovate.

Industry Average Steps to Success
    •   Establish real-time visibility. Industry Average organizations
        should focus their efforts on increasing real-time visibility into core
        operational areas. Currently only 17% of Average companies have
        role-based access to sustainability information through dashboards.
        Real-time access to consolidated performance data will help
        Industry Average organizations move from reactive to proactive
        regarding their internal stakeholders and trading partners.
        Immediate access to performance data is an important component
        to initiative areas such as collaboration, energy usage, and risk
        analysis.
    •   Adopt auto-reporting capabilities. Streamlined reporting
        capabilities will aid Industry Average organizations in achieving top
        performance by consolidating and presenting an array of complex
        and dispersed information in a user friendly format. Organizations
        with such capabilities are able to participate in one, or several,
        standardized reporting protocols in a highly efficient manner.
        Further, the ability to make sustainability performance data quickly
        and easily available for internal as well as external stakeholders and
        interested parties is a major step toward achieving the transparency
        and good governance required for stewardship and thought
        leadership.

Best-in-Class Steps to Success
    •   Enhance stakeholder communication. The top performing
        organizations in this study still have significant room for
        improvement. The Best-in-Class stand to gain by further engaging
        their stakeholders with a greater rate of communication. The ability
        to keep employees informed and sharing ideas around company-
        wide successes, challenges, priorities, and areas of opportunity
        greatly enhance the productive exchange of ideas, innovation, and
        momentum. The operational efficiencies that have led to
        dramatically reduced costs, lowered environmental impact, and
        greater rates of customer retention are just some of the benefits
        available to top performing organizations. A company's people are
        its greatest resource, making its competitive advantage possible. The
        Best-in-Class should focus on increasing the cohesion and
        effectiveness of its organization, and that begins with regular
        communication with its people.

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    •       Expand the use of scorecards. While the Best-in-Class are 43%
            more likely than all others to utilize scorecards, more than half
            (56%) still do not. The recurring theme of these findings is that the
            Best-in-Class are holistically organized around clear policies aligned
            with short- and long-term goals and objectives. Performance
            management applied to the topic of sustainability creates a
            quantifiable and verifiable manner with which to optimize the
            performance of the entire value chain. Scorecards are a significant
            aid for stakeholders, both internal and external, and trading
            partners as well as employees are increasingly required to meet
            sustainability criteria. Scorecards effectively inform stakeholders of
            their progress and serve as a basis for improvement.
                                           Aberdeen Insights — Summary

 The results of Aberdeen research show that a rapidly growing number of organizations view sustainability as
 an essential component of the long-term viability and success of their business and are seeking to integrate
 responsibility-driven strategy into their organizational DNA. Regardless of industry, geography, or company
 size, sustainability requires organizations to change and innovate in fundamental ways that support a genuine
 and holistic engagement on issues encompassing the business, the environment, and society.
 While quantified cost and client outcomes tell one story about the impact of sustainability on the business,
 there persists an idea that sustainability outcomes are “soft,” “intangible,” or somehow at odds with being
 profitable. This may seem true at first glance, as popularly held rationales for sustainability are often linked
 to the idea that companies should focus on sustainability in order to generously “do good.” Yet, Aberdeen
 research has repeatedly shown that well-implemented and managed sustainability strategy strengthens a
 business ecosystem on multiple and concretely demonstrable levels.
 Findings also show that the difficulty in demonstrating the ROI of sustainability is often a matter of
 inefficiency and inactivity around tracking, measuring, and communicating sustainability progress, successes,
 challenges, and areas of opportunity. The practices that encompass both qualitative and quantitative analysis
 and engagement create a competitive advantage for the Best-in-Class. Based on results from the Best-in-
 Class in this study – and from the goals and strategies of over 6,000 other companies worldwide – it is clear
 that initiatives need to be:
        •    Comprehensive. A deep understanding of the company definition of, strategy for, and progress
             towards, its vision of sustainable success is essential. Philosophical and practical clarity supported by
             education and training will aid the success of the larger goals.
        •    Collaborative. Working collaboratively, internally and externally, allows a superior level of
             visibility, innovation, and agility in addressing issues that may compromise the goals of an initiative
             and the larger challenges to which they connect.
        •    Controlled. Executive-level support and oversight of enterprise-wide sustainability objectives
             combined with clear performance metrics and tracking will allow the company to understand its
             challenges and successes in ways that are quantifiable and verifiable.
        •    Communicated. Communication is essential to stimulate internal and external stakeholder
             interest and support. Aligning the brand publicly with genuine commitment and action can also boost
             brand value and create thought leadership.



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The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 24




                        Appendix A:
                    Research Methodology
Between January and February 2009, Aberdeen examined the use, the               Study Focus
experiences, and the intentions of more than 200 enterprises focused on
                                                                                Responding sustainability-
implementing or expanding sustainability strategy and initiatives. Aberdeen     focused executives completed
supplemented this online survey effort with telephone interviews with select    an online survey that included
survey respondents, gathering additional information on strategies,             questions designed to
experiences, and results.                                                       determine the following:
Responding enterprises included the following:                                  √ The way in which
                                                                                  sustainability strategy is
    •   Job title / function: The research sample included respondents with       crafted, implemented, and
        the following job functions: C-level / VP / Partner (33%); Director /     managed across the
        General Manager (17%); Manager (19%); Consultant / Analyst (14%);         organization
        Academic (4%); Staff (4%), all others (9%).
                                                                                √ The level of present and
    •   Industry: The research sample included respondents from the               planned investment in
        following industries: IT (consulting services, software / hardware)       solutions and services in
        (16%), transportation / logistics (6%), consumer packaged goods           support of 2009
        (5%), food / beverage (5%), metals and metal products (5%),               sustainability priorities and
        automotive (4%), construction / architecture (4%), general                goals
        sustainability (4%), all others (51%).                                  √ The structure and alignment
    •   Geography: The majority of respondents (63%) were from North              of performance tracking and
                                                                                  reporting with key
        America. Remaining respondents were from Europe (20%), the
                                                                                  performance indicators
        Asia-Pacific region (10%), South / Central America and Caribbean
        (3%), and Middle East, Africa (4%).                                     √ Current and planned use of
                                                                                  technology in support of
    •   Company size: Thirty-two percent (32%) of respondents were from           sustainability strategy
        large enterprises (annual revenues above US $1 billion); 30% were
        from midsize enterprises (annual revenues between $50 million and       The study aimed to identify
        $1 billion); and 38% of respondents were from small businesses          emerging best practices for
        (annual revenues of $50 million or less).                               company-wide sustainability
                                                                                strategy and implementation
    •   Headcount: Half (50%) of the respondents were from large                and management, and to
        enterprises (headcount greater than 1,000 employees); 27% were          provide a framework by which
        from midsize enterprises (headcount between 100 and 999                 readers could assess their own
        employees); and 23% of respondents were from small businesses           capabilities.
        (headcount between 1 and 99 employees).




© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                            Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case
Page 25




Table 5: The PACE Framework Key
                                                        Overview
 Aberdeen applies a methodology to benchmark research that evaluates the business pressures, actions, capabilities,
 and enablers (PACE) that indicate corporate behavior in specific business processes. These terms are defined as
 follows:
 Pressures — external forces that impact an organization’s market position, competitiveness, or business
 operations (e.g., economic, political and regulatory, technology, changing customer preferences, competitive)
 Actions — the strategic approaches that an organization takes in response to industry pressures (e.g., align the
 corporate business model to leverage industry opportunities, such as product / service strategy, target markets,
 financial strategy, go-to-market, and sales strategy)
 Capabilities — the business process competencies required to execute corporate strategy (e.g., skilled people,
 brand, market positioning, viable products / services, ecosystem partners, financing)
 Enablers — the key functionality of technology solutions required to support the organization’s enabling business
 practices (e.g., development platform, applications, network connectivity, user interface, training and support,
 partner interfaces, data cleansing, and management)
                                                                                          Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009

Table 6: The Competitive Framework Key
                                                        Overview

 The Aberdeen Competitive Framework defines enterprises           In the following categories:
 as falling into one of the following three levels of practices   Process — What is the scope of process
 and performance:                                                 standardization? What is the efficiency and
 Best-in-Class (20%) — Practices that are the best                effectiveness of this process?
 currently being employed and are significantly superior to       Organization — How is your company currently
 the Industry Average, and result in the top industry             organized to manage and optimize this particular
 performance.                                                     process?
 Industry Average (50%) — Practices that represent the            Knowledge — What visibility do you have into key
 average or norm, and result in average industry                  data and intelligence required to manage this process?
 performance.                                                     Technology — What level of automation have you
 Laggards (30%) — Practices that are significantly behind         used to support this process? How is this automation
 the average of the industry, and result in below average         integrated and aligned?
 performance.                                                     Performance — What do you measure? How
                                                                  frequently? What’s your actual performance?


                                                                                          Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009

Table 7: The Relationship Between PACE and the Competitive Framework
                       PACE and the Competitive Framework – How They Interact
Aberdeen research indicates that companies that identify the most influential pressures and take the most
transformational and effective actions are most likely to achieve superior performance. The level of competitive
performance that a company achieves is strongly determined by the PACE choices that they make and how well they
execute those decisions.
                                                                                          Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009



© 2009 Aberdeen Group.                                                                            Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                        Fax: 617 723 7897
The ROI of Sustainability

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The ROI of Sustainability

  • 1. 1 The ROI of Sustainability Making the Business Case May 2009 Jhana Senxian, Cindy Jutras
  • 2. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 2 Executive Summary Far from being a philanthropic "nice to have," top performing organizations Research Benchmark view sustainability as a "must have" strategy for long term business viability Aberdeen’s Research and success. Sustainability brings together strategies to ensure optimal Benchmarks provide an in- performance related to the business, the environment, and society. This depth and comprehensive look report serves as a roadmap for those attempting to match environmental into process, procedure, and social stewardship to clear, actionable, and measurable improvements methodologies, and to their bottom lines – thus ensuring the sustainability of their business technologies with best practice ecosystem. identification and actionable recommendations. Best-in-Class Performance Aberdeen used six key performance criteria to distinguish Best-in-Class companies, with top performers achieving 6% to 10% reduction in a variety of costs while also making strides in retaining customers: • 9% reduction in carbon footprint "Sustainability initiatives reduce • 6% reduction in energy costs our costs and strengthen our company and brand image. • 7% reduction in facilities costs Sustainability initiatives enable us • 10% reduction in paper costs to develop new products that better meet customer and • 7% reduction in transportation / logistics costs societal needs and desires. • 16% increase in customer retention Younger employees hold strong environmental values and are attracted to companies that Competitive Maturity Assessment share these values. Our Survey results show that the firms enjoying Best-in-Class performance sustainability strategy focuses on the Triple Bottom Line – so we shared several common characteristics: have integrated our business • The Best-in-Class are 52% more likely to incorporate sustainability sustainability goals with social metrics into value chain performance management and environmental stewardship goals. This has resonated • 74% of the Best-in-Class have an organization-wide sustainability tremendously with customers policy compared to 58% of all others and our employees, as well." ~ Chief Sustainability Officer, Required Actions Large European Food and Beverage Company In addition to the specific recommendations in Chapter Three of this report, to achieve Best-in-Class performance, companies must: • Implement role-based dashboards to enable the streamlined and user-friendly delivery of action items and consolidated views • Incorporate sustainability metrics into corporate objectives and measure to prove that the initiatives produce real business results © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 3. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 3 Table of Contents Executive Summary....................................................................................................... 2 Best-in-Class Performance..................................................................................... 2 Competitive Maturity Assessment....................................................................... 2 Required Actions...................................................................................................... 2 Chapter One: Benchmarking the Best-in-Class ..................................................... 4 Business Context ..................................................................................................... 4 The Maturity Class Framework............................................................................ 5 The Best-in-Class PACE Model ............................................................................ 6 Best-in-Class Strategies........................................................................................... 7 Challenges to Achieving Sustainability Business Benefit ................................. 9 Chapter Two: Benchmarking Requirements for Success ..................................12 Competitive Assessment......................................................................................14 Capabilities and Enablers......................................................................................15 Chapter Three: Required Actions .........................................................................21 Steps to Success for All Companies ..................................................................21 Laggard Steps to Success......................................................................................21 Industry Average Steps to Success ....................................................................22 Best-in-Class Steps to Success ............................................................................22 Appendix A: Research Methodology.....................................................................24 Appendix B: Related Aberdeen Research............................................................26 Figures Figure 1: Top 3 Pressures Driving Sustainability Initiatives................................. 4 Figure 2: Sustainability's Role in Corporate Strategy............................................ 6 Figure 3: Top 3 Strategic Actions of Best-in-Class................................................ 8 Figure 4: Top Four Challenges Faced ....................................................................... 9 Figure 5: ROI Analysis Complete or Underway ..................................................10 Tables Table 1: Top Performers Earn Best-in-Class Status.............................................. 5 Table 2: The Best-in-Class PACE Framework ....................................................... 7 Table 3: The Competitive Framework...................................................................14 Table 4: "No Plans to Invest" Vary by Maturity Class ........................................20 Table 5: The PACE Framework Key ......................................................................25 Table 6: The Competitive Framework Key ..........................................................25 Table 7: The Relationship Between PACE and the Competitive Framework .........................................................................................................................................25 © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 4. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 4 Chapter One: Benchmarking the Best-in-Class Business Context Fast Facts Far from being a philanthropic “nice to have,” top performing organizations view sustainability as a “must have” strategy for long-term business viability √ Best-in-Class are 52% more and success. For 59% of the 200+ respondents to Aberdeen's survey for likely to use sustainability to Sustainability Matters: The Corporate Executives Strategic Agenda, sustainability guide major portions of their does or will soon guide major parts or the entirety of their corporate corporate strategy strategy. Top performers excel at matching potentially hard to grasp √ Best-in-Class are 52% more concepts like environmental and social stewardship to clear, actionable, and likely to incorporate measurable improvements to their bottom lines. sustainability metrics into value chain performance The desire for social and environmental stewardship is the top pressure management driving sustainability efforts (Figure 1). The connection between Corporate Responsibility (CR) and sustainability is better understood when it is √ Best-in-Class managed to realized that CR and stewardship represent a subset of activities that aligns reduce energy costs by 6% with sustainable business success. The combination of a struggling economy, while Industry Average experienced a 4% increase a fast-changing and hyper-competitive market, and a myriad of and Laggards increased by environmental challenges creates the need for companies to be highly 18% efficient, collaboratively integrated, and able to demonstrate superior levels of CR. Sustainability entails a form of corporate self-regulation and √ Top performers managed a transparency in adherence with laws, ethical standards, international norms, 16% increase in customer and also awareness of the business value for positively impacting the retention rates while driving sustainability-related costs environment and society. down by an average of almost 8% across the board Figure 1: Top 3 Pressures Driving Sustainability Initiatives Desire for social and environmental stewardship 56% Increase or maintain brand reputation / value 48% "Our sustainability initiative has Need for competitive advantage 46% taken over our corporate business plan and informs our Stakeholder pressure 29% annual strategic planning process / goal setting." Rising energy costs 22% ~ Partner, North American Present or expected regulatory General Manufacturer 22% compliance mandates 0% 20% 40% 60% Percentage of All Respondents Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 Almost half of survey respondents see a correlation between sustainability and their competitive positioning, either through enhancing reputation and brand value or by being proactive regarding stakeholder and regulatory © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 5. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 5 expectations and mandates. The emergence and evolution of regulatory Glossary of Key Terms mandates in a growing number of geographies related to the trade, Sustainability brings together reporting, and / or disclosure of green house gases (GHGs) for example, social, environmental, and increase the need to treat sustainability and CR as a central component of economic goals with the businesses’ long-term viability and license to operate. intention of ensuring that the needs of the present are met Reaction to volatile energy costs also adds to the pressures driving the without compromising the sustainability agenda. Both in business and at the consumer level, such things ability to meet the needs of the as ensuring that the firm utilizes resources in a highly efficient manner and future. The long-term viability engages ethically with communities near and far become all the more critical and prosperity of the business when corporate wallets feel the impact of such factors as wasteful practices ecosystem depend on the long- or public censure. The improved ability to connect with clients in a manner term viability and prosperity of that increases customer loyalty decisively transitions sustainability strategy the social and environmental from a "feel good" public relations effort into a market necessity. ecosystems. Corporate Responsibility (CR) posits that firms have a The Maturity Class Framework responsibility to be social and While the overall goal of successful sustainability efforts will be to reduce environmental stewards and energy related expenses, to do so at the expense of the customer does not that having a positive impact on signal responsible action. Customers vote with their wallets. Therefore society and the planet is as these cost reductions are tempered with a company's ability to retain important as profit. customers. Triple Bottom Line (TBL) determines that a business has Table 1: Top Performers Earn Best-in-Class Status positive impacts on the three P's (people, profit, and planet) and Definition of is a standard framework for CR Mean Class Performance agendas. Maturity Class 9% reduction in carbon footprint Millennium Development 6% reduction in energy costs Goals (MDGs) are eight goals Best-in-Class: agreed upon by every country in Top 20% 7% reduction in facilities costs the world and leading of aggregate 10% reduction in paper costs development institutions that performance scorers 7% reduction in transportation / logistics costs form a blueprint to combat 16% increase in customer retention global poverty. Many companies 6% reduction in carbon footprint have aligned their TBL strategies to address one or more of the Industry Average: Increase in energy costs contained to 4% MDGs. Middle 50% 1% reduction in facilities costs of aggregate 5% reduction in paper costs Green refers to practices, performance scorers processes, and products that 1% reduction in transportation / logistics costs have a minimal impact on the 5% increase in customer retention health of the environmental 5% increase in carbon footprint ecosystem. The emphasis is on 18% increase in energy costs non-hazardous, recyclable, Laggard: reusable, and energy efficient Bottom 30% 18% increase in facilities costs products and processes. of aggregate 12% increase in paper costs performance scorers 19% increase in transportation / logistics costs 4% increase in customer retention Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 6. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 6 For many companies, the overall goal of a successful sustainability strategy is to improve operational efficiencies and brand value, as well as social and environmental performance. As illustrated in Figure 2, while sustainability guides the entire strategy of just below 20% of respondents, the Best-in- Class are 52% more likely than all others to use sustainability to guide major portions of their corporate strategy. Figure 2 also provides insight into the way in which organizations embrace sustainability initiatives, whether they are integrated with or separate from overall corporate strategies. Figure 2: Sustainability's Role in Corporate Strategy 41% "We have extensive plans and Guides major parts 27% some of them are laid out in our first sustainability report. In 22% Guides minor parts general, we have been reporting 21% emissions from our main US 19% factory for years and are always Guides the entirety 19% trying to reduce our greenhouse gas emissions as well as to ensure 7% Will be a major part the safety of the environment 11% through the use of our products. 7% Our products are used in animal Is a separate initiative 13% agriculture and, when used properly, they reduce 4% Best-in-Class Will be a minor part environmental load generated by 8% All Others the animal livestock industry. We 0% 25% 50% are a global company and make Percentage of Respondents an effort to minimize transportation miles by combining Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 loads and optimizing delivery routes. Board-level support for The Best-in-Class PACE Model the ROI is required for major capital initiatives.” To achieve sustainability goals, companies must use a combination of strategic actions, organizational capabilities, and enabling technologies that ~ Director, Mid-sized North can be summarized as follows: American Agricultural Input Provider • Incorporate sustainability criteria into business improvement programs • Establish an executive-level champion responsible for enterprise- wide sustainability initiatives • Incorporate sustainability metrics into corporate objectives and measure to prove these initiatives produce real business results © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 7. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 7 Table 2: The Best-in-Class PACE Framework Pressures Actions Capabilities Enablers Desire for social Incorporate Sustainability criteria has been integrated Traceability solutions and environmental sustainability into business process improvement Performance Management stewardship metrics for value programs (i.e. Lean, Six Sigma) Applications chain performance Executive-level leader is responsible for Business Intelligence management company-wide sustainability initiatives platform and tools Adopt or expand Real-time visibility into sustainability Quality / Process sustainable / conformance across value chain Management applications responsible / ethical Third-party verification of sustainability On-line, real-time procurement and or Corporate Responsibility performance dashboards sourcing strategy Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 Yet, despite the compelling array of drivers and benefits of well-conceived and managed sustainability strategy, for 46% of companies surveyed, budget challenges remain an impediment to sustainability initiatives and 42% still find "At our company, we interact it difficult to demonstrate quantified business value and Return on with several thousand farmers Investment (ROI) in order to effectively make the business case for directly world-wide and have sustainability. So, though the rate of adoption of sustainability strategy implemented sustainable farming increases, the need for companies to monitor, measure, and communicate practices to guarantee food how sustainability impacts their performance on various levels is even more safety, quality assurance and urgent. competitively ensured supply to our food factories over many decades. The sourcing of Best-in-Class Strategies agricultural materials is key to While the dominant business driver behind sustainability initiatives is the our business. Therefore a number overall desire to preserve the environment and demonstrate responsible of activities have been initiated social stewardship (i.e. demonstrating Corporate Responsibility), companies with suppliers to adhere to changing practices and processes. must make a strong business case in order justify corporate commitment. This has resulted in not only a Gone are the days when pretty pictures in the annual report were enough. better operational performance, A growing number of companies must provide verifiable evidence of but also a more relevant and mitigated social and environmental impacts. Yet, in order to justify the beneficial communication with continued application of resources, companies must also demonstrate real our consumers / customers." business results. The Best-in-Class are 52% more likely to incorporate ~ Chief Environmental Officer, sustainability metrics into the measurement of performance of the entire Large European Food and value chain (Figure 3). This is often combined with sustainable sourcing Beverage Manufacturer strategies, focusing not only within their own four walls but encouraging, or even demanding suppliers demonstrate sustainable / responsible / ethical practices. © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 8. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 8 Figure 3: Top 3 Strategic Actions of Best-in-Class Incorporate sustainability metrics for 44% value chain performance management "Integrating and modernizing our 29% supply chains offers us Adopt or expand sustainable 37% opportunities to reduce wastage sourcing strategy 39% (...in some cases, 30% plus) from Implement staff collaboration / 33% farm to fork, and allows us to education initiatives 39% offer farmers and fishermen more Implement customer remunerative prices while 33% collaboration initiatives 15% charging consumers less. My Best-in-Class company's CR programs include Redesign product strategy to 30% All Others livelihood support for fishermen align with sustainability goals 25% affected by the tsunami in Adopt carbon footprint / 30% Southern India (by donating emissions reduction plan 37% fishing boats and equipment, and setting up modern fish auction 0% 25% 50% Percentage of Respondents centers on the East and West coasts of India, training sheep Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 farmers to produce better quality Few would argue the value of a brand being associated with not only quality sheep and realize better prices, products or services, but also with quality behavior and relationships. training farmers to grade and package their products in ways However, too many companies focus sustainability efforts on benefits that that reduce spoilage during are not measured at all, are measured inconsistently, or not communicated. transportation, etc.) We have As a result, the positive impact of sustainability initiatives on the efficiency, trained fishermen to clean their quality, and resilience of a company is often only anecdotally understood fish holding tanks, thereby while the work of making the business case in quantitative as well as reducing the percentage of the qualitative terms is unevenly attended to. catch that is spoilt at the time of landing (due to bacterial Successful sustainability efforts often require a change in corporate culture contamination from previous and values. This type of re-direction of thinking doesn't happen catches). Also, setting up modern automatically, nor does it happen overnight. Education of staff is critical and fish auction centers with the collaboration is encouraged as efforts to reduce energy consumption and provision of ice-flaking machines cost in one area of the company must not cause increased cost or and a modern cold chain has consumption elsewhere in the enterprise or in the value chain. Top improved fish yields. Similar performers take a more holistic view of their value chain. It is therefore not successes have been achieved surprising to see that the Best-in-Class are more than twice as likely to with farm products through grading, better handling and the collaborate not only with suppliers, but with customers as well. use of cold chains. Other This would indeed have an impact on the product development cycle. Those examples include upgrading not Best-in-Class would be well advised to follow the lead of our top government infrastructure, performers. All others are 48% more likely to manage their carbon training sheep and goat farmers, vaccinating sheep etc." footprint and emissions after the fact than they are to redesign product strategy with these goals in mind. The Best-in-Class place equal importance ~ Director, Large Indian Food on both. Wholesaler The business case for sustainability is amply made as exhibited by the results of top performing companies who are increasingly focused on a holistic, lifecycle approach with thoroughly quantified business, environmental, and social returns. Implementing an effective sustainability strategy involves multiple steps, processes, and an intensive attention on measurement and communication. This shift in focus results in a more agile, efficient, and © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 9. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 9 resilient organization that increases quality and performance and attracts the support and loyalty of stakeholders and customers alike. Sustainability represents, in and of itself, a profound shift in global business paradigms, systems of value, and models (and opportunities) of success. Challenges to Achieving Sustainability Business Benefit Most companies do face challenges in sustaining sustainability efforts (Figure 4). The top two challenges go hand-in-hand. Without a clear understanding of ROI, justifying expenditures in the promotion of sustainability is that much more difficult. However, Aberdeen data show that the difficulty in demonstrating the ROI of sustainability is often more a matter of inefficiency and inactivity around tracking, measuring, and communicating sustainability progress, successes, challenges, and areas of opportunity. When asked how company investments in technology (in support of "We have customers impose sustainability initiatives) have paid off, on average 52% of Laggard firms ‘green’ programs on us and this claimed that they did not know, a clear indication of a lack of performance is becoming a standard in our management and communication practices that encompass both qualitative industry. The generation of and quantitative analysis and engagement. ideas about how to affect the 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle) Figure 4: Top Four Challenges Faced is important to us and creates innovative approaches to tackling these issues. We have Budget challenges 46% to meet or exceed industry standards in order to stay competitive." Difficult to demonstrate ROI 42% ~ Engineer, Mid-size Computer Fear of disrupting present Company business processes 22% Lack of knowledge 22% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Percentage of Respondents Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 Conflation These top four challenges get right at the heart of the issue that persists for organizations with implemented sustainability agendas. Because sustainability Conflation occurs when the is often conflated with Corporate Responsibility, many organizations persist identities of two or more in viewing sustainability as a largely philanthropic and costly initiative that concepts sharing some delivers “soft” benefits and “intangible” outcomes. This misperception is characteristics of one another aided and abetted by the fact that terms like green, sustainability, and CR (in this case sustainability and Corporate Responsibility) are used to connote a wide variety of meanings and intentions without a become confused until there clear sense of how business efficiency and success fits into the seems to be only a single responsibility-framed picture. In short, organizations need the concrete identity — the differences benefits of sustainability initiatives spelled out in clear terms that connect appear to become lost. By back to business needs. No less importantly, they also need actionable steps conflating sustainability and to measure and communicate their performance, internally and externally. CR, the importance of the Not understanding… business impact is often lost or forgotten. • if a quantifiable business case even exists for sustainability © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 10. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 10 • how sustainability answers key business pressures • what the vendor landscape looks like for solutions and services • how to get started …remains a major impediment to successful action. In fact, it is important to note that the Best-in-Class have a better grasp of the business case and are advantaged by being more advanced in their understanding of sustainability's ROI. They are 30% less likely than all others to say that they are facing budget issues in support of their initiatives. This study included a group of companies without sustainability initiatives that nonetheless expressed an interest in the topic. While they did not complete the main survey, they were asked a series of questions, including one which asked them why they did not yet have sustainability initiatives. At the top of the list was the inability to make the business case or to demonstrate ROI (44%). And yet, 56% of these companies also indicated a demonstrated ability to lower costs or increase profits would provide sufficient incentives to adopt sustainability initiatives, second only to contribution to creating a competitive advantage (68%). This again underscores the conceptual gap between trendy rhetoric and the reality of the volatile, global market where the sustainability of the business ecosystem is inextricably linked to the sustainability of the social and environmental ecosystems on which it depends for not only prosperity, but also survival. Sustainability lends a competitive edge that delivers impressive, quantified business results. Aberdeen Insights — Strategy The ROI of sustainability can come from many different sources, some more easily quantified than others. Certainly, the specific cost reductions included in our Best-in-Class criteria are metrics that every socially responsible company can measure – and the rate of customer retention is a metric that every company should measure. Yet more than half of even our top performing companies has yet to subject sustainability initiatives to the same level of scrutiny they might to other investments (Figure 5). Figure 5: ROI Analysis Complete or Underway Percentage of Respondents 50% 44% 39% 40% 33% 30% 20% 10% 0% Best-in-Class Average Laggard Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 continued © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 11. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 11 Aberdeen Insights — Strategy Is this because they expect the benefits without any investment? If planned investment in software solutions to support sustainability efforts is any indication (and surely it is), the data indicate that this is not the case. In fact the majority of all survey respondents (87%) do indeed plan to invest and the Best-in-Class plan to invest 33% more than all others in software solutions and / or services to support their efforts. The planned investments are not insignificant, ranging from the average Laggard that plans to spend approximately $650,000 to the average Best-in-Class company that plans to invest more than $1.4 million. If viewed only from a cost perspective, these figures alone might serve as a deterrent to investing in sustainability, therefore making the estimation of ROI to cost justify initiatives that much more important. Past Aberdeen research has found that two elements of ROI calculation are required to produce optimal results. Using ROI estimates in order to cost justify a project sets the stage but it is also important to follow up and measure the actual ROI at various milestones – and once a specific project is completed. In fact, in managing the ROI of enterprise applications in general, those who combine these two steps in the process produce as much as double the business gain in targeted metrics. Sustainability should be approached with a similar level of commitment that tracks, quantifies, and communicates changes in organization-wide performance and achieved business benefit. In the next chapter, we will see what the top performers are doing to achieve these gains. © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 12. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 12 Chapter Two: Benchmarking Requirements for Success Based on the findings in the Competitive Framework and interviews with Fast Facts end-users, Aberdeen’s analysis reveals that the Best-in-Class goal of √ 74% of the Best-in-Class achieving environmental and social stewardship is realized via company-wide have organization-wide policy regarding relations with partners and customers, product and service sustainability policy, development strategy, and day-to-day operational performance management compared to 58% of all and optimization. others Case Study: The Dow Chemical Company √ 67% of Best-in-Class have formalized staff education The Dow Chemical Company is a global leader in agricultural products, and training on sustainability, chemicals, and plastics. Operating in over 175 countries, Dow has 46,000 compared to 54% of all others employees and annual revenue of over $48 billion. Dow’s acclaimed corporate responsibility and sustainability platform holistically connects the needs of society and the environment with the needs of the business and demonstrate Dow’s commitment to the principles of Responsible Care, a voluntary, global framework that promotes safe, sustainable, and profitable goals and actions within the chemical industry. Dow’s sustainability platform is as broad as it is robust and involves commitments to building relationships in the communities within which it operates, reducing overall environmental impacts, innovating for improved product stewardship, and working aggressively to meet global challenges related to climate change, energy and water, and the Millennium Development Goals. Dow has articulated an array of sustainability goals to be achieved by 2015. They revolve around the three themes of: • Collaborate. Dow has established a series of aggressive goals to ensure environmental and community health, safety, and success that include such things as community development projects and a 75% improvement in key EHS performance indicators. By working closely with local stakeholders, Dow has set out a clearly defined and tracked roadmap to achieve enhanced relations, performance, and partnerships that improve overall community quality of life. • Innovate. Dow takes a holistic, life-cycle, and cradle-to-cradle approach to product stewardship that will, by 2015, put into place public disclosure and transparency processes on comprehensive safety assessments and product risk characterizations of all of its products, globally. Further, Dow’s goals and actions focus on creating solutions and breakthroughs to meet global challenges with sustainable chemistry. continued © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 13. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 13 • Elevate. Dow has contributed solutions geared to meet global energy and climate change challenges since 1990 and has taken on a series of goals that include a 25% reduction in energy intensity from 2005 to 2015, initiatives to slow, stop, and reverse global warming, advocacy for policy, and thought leadership around the adoption of sustainable practices. Dow’s strategic goals for superior business sustainability and corporate responsibility were challenged by a lack of a unified, integrated platform to easily track, analyze, and report on its enterprise-wide, EHS performance across its 200 facilities in the United States. The company had multiple and redundant legacy reporting systems hindered by inefficient interoperability and a lack of standardized best practices across its many facilities. In 2004, the Dow Environmental Reporting Project was charted to find and deliver a powerful, multi-media tracking and reporting solution for 200 facilities across the United States. Dow implemented an integrated software solution that incorporates tracking, analysis, and reporting on air, waste, water, and chemical inventory performance, and that further allowed them to: • Enable the interoperability of existing enterprise systems across the corporation • Develop and standardized best practices with a powerful, unified reporting system across its large U.S. facilities • Replace the numerous legacy reporting systems With the full engagement of stakeholders and leadership, a team of experts were assembled to direct the due diligence review, design, and implementation of the solution. The software solution allowed them to automate data capture, have interoperability, and streamline processes with templates, ad hoc query tools, uploaders, and interfaces. The system allowed them to have a centralized support structure that users could engage by role and responsibility across all US sites, which eliminated the need for redundant systems, support roles, and structural costs. To support the process changes, the team developed an impressive training and education initiative that included videos and training documentation for Dow’s intranet. In addition to enabling consistent performance tracking, analysis, and communication of its sustainability goals related to its EHS performance, Dow also achieved the following results: • Elimination of over $2 Million in redundant legacy reporting systems continued © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 14. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 14 • Preservation of Dow license to operate in 200 facilities at 35 manufacturing sites • Enhanced sustainability of its business through a common work process and interoperability with existing corporate systems • Improved data quality and availability for business decision making, analysis, and reporting Competitive Assessment Aberdeen Group analyzed the aggregated metrics of surveyed companies to determine whether their performance ranked as Best-in-Class, Industry Average, or Laggard. In addition to having common performance levels, each class also shared characteristics in five key categories: 1. Process. The approaches they take to formulating and executing policies that apply to their daily operations 2. Organization. Corporate focus and collaboration among stakeholders 3. Knowledge Management. Contextualizing data and exposing it to key stakeholders 4. Technology. The selection of appropriate tools and effective deployment of those tools 5. Performance Management. The ability of the organization to measure its results to improve its business Table 3: The Competitive Framework Best-in-Class Average Laggards Sustainability criteria are integrated into supply chain strategy 63% 42% 37% Formal energy reduction policy has been developed and implemented Process 56% 50% 42% Efforts to reduce paper consumption have been formalized and implemented 63% 53% 35% Executive-level leader (or team) is responsible for company- wide sustainability initiative 78% 72% 44% Organization Corporate Responsibility has been integrated into human resources strategy 56% 44% 33% © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 15. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 15 Best-in-Class Average Laggards Real-time visibility into sustainability conformance across value chain 30% 17% 5% Knowledge Successes, challenges, and progress of sustainability initiatives are communicated to internal stakeholders monthly or more frequently 52% 47% 37% Technology currently in use: 26% Role-based 17% Role-based 12% Role-based sustainability / sustainability / sustainability / green green green dashboards dashboards dashboards 37% automated 19% automated 12% automated sustainability sustainability sustainability reporting reporting reporting 41% Carbon 32% Carbon 19% Carbon footprint footprint footprint modeling modeling modeling Technology 67% Traceability 52% Traceability 32% Traceability Solutions Solutions Solutions 72% On-line 56% On-line 42% On-line dashboards dashboards dashboards 80% Quality or 70% Quality or 63% Quality or Process Process Process Management Management Management Solutions Solutions Solutions 76% 60% 54% "Our goal is to improve the Sustainability / Sustainability / Sustainability / company's overall use of CR management CR management CR management resources, resulting in lower solutions solutions solutions cost of product and distribution Third-party verification of sustainability or Corporate to improve competitiveness. A Responsibility performance side benefit is environmental stewardship which will be used Performance 41% 32% 14% in the sales and marketing Carbon Footprint is tracked process. Standard practices will 41% 39% 30% be challenged and revised through input from a large Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 group of employees. The ideas foster innovative solutions to Capabilities and Enablers improvements to the corporation as a whole. This all Based on the findings of the Competitive Framework and interviews with clearly ties to acceptance end-users, Aberdeen reveals that the Best-in-Class have visibility into, and within the local community, the proactive management of, key policy-driven process and performance areas government, and attracts new that tie together internal and external activities and goals. Top performers customers." are decidedly more focused on data analytics and carbon and have robust ~ Vice President, Large North levels of leadership and educational initiatives to support their goals. American Chemical Company © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 16. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 16 Process As the top strategic action of Best-in-Class companies involves the integration of sustainability metrics into value-chain performance management (44%), it is not surprising to see Best-in-Class with better defined policies, which are in turn integrated into their supply chain strategy. In addition, efficiency and process optimization-driven programs such as Lean and Six Sigma also come in line with sustainability standards and goals. Fifty-two percent (52%) of the Best-in-Class versus 38% of all others have already implemented this approach to business excellence. Likewise, 41% of the Best-in-Class have integrated sustainability criteria into formal risk analyses – a further indication of the increasing centrality of sustainability to overarching corporate strategy. Sustainability impacts process improvements related to the management of resources, particularly of energy and paper – two key areas for driving down costs and negative environmental impacts. Not only are the Best-in- Class significantly more likely to focus on their supply chain strategy (63% versus 40%) but they are also more likely to have an organization-wide sustainability policy (74% versus 58%) supported by stakeholder education (67% versus 54%). The combination of holistic policy and formalized stakeholder education creates clear standards, goals, and metrics against which to track, analyze, and communicate performance and understand corporate successes and challenges. The Best-in-Class understand that the way in which the company sets goals and measures sustainability success should be clear, consistent, and formally conveyed. This approach also allows organizations to assess and maintain the preparedness of its people. Organization Top organizations are differentiated by their greater commitment to appointing executive leadership to champion sustainability. Seventy-two percent (72%) of the Best-in-Class are able to boast a C-level executive in charge of the success of their agenda. This is a robust area of advantage for top performing firms as only 58% of all other companies have this level of leadership guiding their sustainability strategy. The Best-in-Class are also significantly more likely to have integrated their core values and actions related to sustainability into their Human Resources strategy (76% versus 40%). The relevance of stakeholder management is a key aspect of Best-in- Class outcomes. Compared to all others, the Best-in-Class have an impressive set of capabilities related to organizational structure. Though there are many thought leading organizations that were founded with efficiency and standards of social and environmental stewardship already integrated into their identity and strategy, the vast majority of companies struggle to enact not only meaningful process changes but also meaningful organizational culture and behavior changes. Interviews conducted with respondents have revealed that thought leading companies have incorporated such things as company paid / supported employee volunteer time, sustainable offsite work space, CR-focused incentives, and local and global development programs that attract and satisfy their people. C-level champions work throughout the organization to ensure that the © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 17. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 17 standards and goals of the company are effectively tailored and integrated into the business units and relationship networks of the firm. Knowledge Management An enterprise-wide commitment to sustainability initiatives comes from a Abbreviations Defined: broad-based knowledge of the program and its impact on the person, the company, society, and the planet. Though nowhere near as well-developed √ RoHS: Restriction of as it should be, the Best-in-Class are farther along the path of implementing Hazardous Substances Directive effective knowledge management capabilities, with 37% utilizing scorecards to convey performance standards and outcomes to both internal and √ WEEE: Waste Electrical and external stakeholders, versus 22% of all others. For 30% of top performers Electronic Equipment (versus just 11% of all others) access to real-time information on √ JGPSSI: Japan Green sustainability-related conformance catalyzes a superior level of visibility and Procurement Survey proactive management capabilities that enable the organization to easily Standardization Initiative convey not only successes but also challenges / areas of opportunity. Case Study — Tomkins plc Tomkins plc is a global engineering and manufacturing group, listed on the London Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange, manufacturing and distributing a variety of industrial, automotive and building products. With annual sales over $5 billion and more than 32,000 employees, it is a multi-national company serving these markets across North America, Europe, Asia and the Rest of the World. According to the company’s third annual Corporate Social Responsibility Report at Tomkins, social responsibility is an integral part of its every day business practices and one of the drivers of its success. As part of this initiative, Tomkins has implemented an HSE [Health, Safety and Environment] excellence award program. Participation in this process is not voluntary for its manufacturing locations, but is optional for distribution sites, warehouses and sales offices. However many of these non- manufacturing locations choose to participate. “In order to participate, locations must submit Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). We designed the program so it provided reporting back to the participating locations in order for them to derive benefits and improve their performance. We included the usual sustainability metrics plus we encourage Continuous Improvement programs. Each location must submit sustainable goals,” said Amy Wright, Director, Environmental Management, Health and Safety. To support these initiatives Tomkins implemented a Business Performance Management solution focused on environmental, health and safety. “Prior to implementing this solution we had a number of other data bases and three to four applications in use. Trying to collect and manage data from 150 locations around the world was very difficult. We wanted a system pliable enough to give us a centralized data base from which we could aggregate the data from all our sites. Today all users can submit data and access information in the same form and format. This makes it far easier to analyze and report back.” continued © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 18. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 18 Case Study — Tomkins plc Some of the sustainability metrics reported in Tomkins annual CSR Report included total waste, landfill waste, total energy consumed, water consumption and total greenhouse gas emissions. Most of the 150 locations (127 to 132) are reporting on these various KPIs and more. “The system helped us break out all energy related usage to help us determine who our highest energy consumers were. It helped us make business decisions on where we get the biggest bang for our buck in energy efficiency improvements. Plant managers can now look at the results and say, ‘I didn’t know I used that much natural gas. I didn’t realize how much I could save by turning off the gas pilots in the summer.’ All this data now shows up on a dashboard and managers can see all the components of their energy profile.” Tomkins is pleased with the progress achieved through its CSR program and feels it is a means to engage employees around the world in support of the environment, health, safety and sustainability. In light of the challenging economic and financial pressures, Tomkins believes that excellence in CSR is consistent with and enhances financial performance. Technology “We are trying to incorporate A wide variety of technology solutions may come into play in the context of sustainable business strategies sustainability, but they tend fall into a manageable number of general into our core business and categories. A selected few of these categories were previously listed in product planning. We believe Table 3 with higher adoption rates observed in Best-in-Class companies. that, in addition to it being the right thing to do, it is also just Compliance and traceability go hand-in-hand and require detail data good, smart business – and is the collection to preserve lot genealogy and produce compliance reporting. way successful business will Given today's current economic conditions, the changing regulatory climate, compete and survive with energy and the impact of product recalls, sustainability objectives only add to the and raw material costs rising. reasons compliance and traceability efforts have been elevated in Sustainable business reduces importance. A whole host of technologies support these efforts from the costs, improves efficiency, plant or shop floor to the highest level of the enterprise. These solutions reduces waste, and improves profitability. The challenges range from Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) to Enterprise Asset continue to be to make this a Management to Quality Management to Nonconformance / Corrective and core component of our business Preventive Action (NC / CAPA) to Statistical Process Control and others. culture and not an initiative that While many of these solutions hold a very traditional place in manufacturing, is on the periphery. We are sustainable production is a new focus for many companies in an attempt to taking a broad view of these initiatives and have focused on make operations cleaner, safer, more energy efficient, and more four key areas: environmentally competitive, and therefore require a new twist and a new focus to these preferable product development, more traditional solutions. In addition, specialty solutions have emerged to waste reduction and recycling, manage carbon emissions and carbon models for green house gas emissions. energy, and climate and These are not yet pervasively used. While Best-in-Class are more than environmental education.” twice as likely to be able to model carbon footprints and track emissions, ~ Mark Buckley, VP, more than half (59%) have yet to take this step in their sustainability Environmental Affairs, Staples agendas. © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 19. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 19 But in considering the ROI of sustainability, performance management is at the very heart of building the business case. Many of the technology tools used by the Best-in-Class serve to increase visibility and performance improvement. From dashboards (72%) to sustainability CR management solutions (76%), the Best-in-Class go to great lengths to achieve a holistic view of company-wide, sustainability performance and outcomes. Yet the majority still relies on manual efforts for sustainability reporting, with only 37% of top performers indicating the reporting is automated. True Best-in-Class sustainability is a matter of business being responsive to both internal and external dynamically changing needs and expectations. The ability of multiple levels of stakeholders to track, analyze, and communicate both financial and non-financial information related to environmental, social, and operational performance through the prism of responsibility and efficiency results in greater visibility, agility, and proactive performance improvement for the business. Performance Management Results of this study indicate that top performing organizations are more holistic and quantitative in focus and demonstrate a more strategic approach to their initiatives. Further, the Best-in-Class focus on measurement in order to better manage company-wide performance. Sound management practices include collaboration, communication, and constant adjustment and reinvestment in improvements as needs and solutions develop. Without this type of visibility and proactive management, sustainability could, for the majority of companies, remain narrowly understood and not well implemented, resulting in companies leaving a good deal of money, opportunity, and innovation on the table. This improved management and tracking of performance allows companies to effectively communicate and connect with partners and customers in ways that deliver competitive advantages in the market. The Best-in-Class are significantly more likely to measure their performance and to utilize third-party validation of their sustainability performance (41% versus 23% of all others). This extra step provides not only credibility but also practical support as the organization engages with an experienced partner who can help assess progress and prioritize next steps. The result is their ability to not only effectively track, manage, and report on sustainability performance, but to provide verification of their sustainable and corporate social responsibility programs for stakeholders, customers and trading partners. Aberdeen Insights — Technology Respondents in this study were asked about the types of technology they either currently use or plan to implement. In addition to indicating short-term areas of focus, companies were also able to indicate that they had no planned implementations for a variety of technology categories. The significance of the areas of no planned implementations lies in the fact that Laggard organizations are least likely to invest in precisely the areas that most catalyze Best-in-Class success. continued © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 20. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 20 Aberdeen Insights — Technology Solutions that increase visibility, performance management, and the ability to communicate verifiable progress are typically of substantially lower interest for Laggard organizations than for the Best-in-Class and, in some instances, Average organizations. Table 4 is, as a result, instructive for organizations needing to decide where to start their investigation of technology categories to aid them with their sustainability goals. Table 4: "No Plans to Invest" Vary by Maturity Class Best-in- Industry No Plans to Use Laggard Class Average Business Intelligence / Performance Management solutions 11% 19% 35% Scorecards 15% 29% 33% Role-based dashboards 15% 18% 30% Energy Management software 19% 26% 47% Supply Chain Visibility platforms 19% 24% 40% Asset Management software 22% 38% 47% Energy / Fuel calculators 22% 28% 33% Assessment solution or service 22% 26% 42% Sustainability / CR management solutions 26% 31% 42% Carbon tracking 26% 33% 56% Carbon Modeling 26% 28% 37% Visibility solutions 26% 29% 42% Carbon / emissions calculators 30% 31% 54% Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 21. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 21 Chapter Three: Required Actions Whether a company is trying to move its performance from Laggard to Fast Facts Industry Average, or Industry Average to Best-in-Class, the following √ Best-in-Class are 40% more recommendations will help spur the necessary performance improvements: likely to focus on carbon footprint reduction as a Steps to Success for All Companies measure of success • Measure so you can manage. From the Best-in-Class to the √ 72% of Best-in-Class use web- Average and Laggard organizations, the need to expand based dashboards compared to performance measurement and communication cannot be over- 56% of Industry Average and 42% of Laggard firms emphasized. As is often said, it clearly stands repeating: you cannot manage what you don't measure and all maturity classes should focus on improving in that respect. Areas of key focus should include those related to carbon and energy as the impacts of reduction provide a bevy of opportunities to most effectively "It's a new area of engagement improve operational efficiencies as well as build a path toward social that requires new infusion of and environmental stewardship. knowledge and technology. The change process should open door • Adopt role-based dashboards. All classes also stand to gain to new way of thinking and crucial visibility and analytic capabilities into their impacts and areas innovation. We have taken on of opportunity by expanding the adoption of role-based dashboards, server virtualization, replacement tailored to the complex needs of sustainability and CR goals and of lighting and air conditioning challenges. equipment and education of staff in energy management. Social and environmental stewardship is a Laggard Steps to Success part of corporate governance • Get some leadership. In order for sustainability efforts to achieve strategy that is incorporate in both immediate and sustained results, leadership and commitment partner and customer from the top of the organization is a must. It is extremely difficult to relationship management." implement changes in strategy, processes, and communication ~ Director, Small South East without the buy-in and support of true budget and authority Asian Computer Company holders. The Laggard organizations included in this study have sustainability programs in place and are investing in their initiatives. The likelihood of wasting those investments is great without a clear understanding from the top of the objectives, the impacts, and the benefits of its initiatives. • Adopt organization-wide policy and standards. The lack of leadership in Laggard organizations unsurprisingly correlates to the lack of organization-wide vision articulated as policy. Without a cohesive and consistent standard and protocol, various business units and facilities can more easily enact a disjointed, and even contrary, approach to sustainability. Less than half of Laggards have formalized energy reduction policies or integrated sustainability criteria into their supply chain strategies. Laggard organizations need to be able to convey to its stakeholders, not only the larger mission but also the way in which sustainability-driven adjustments to day- to-day practices support corporate goals. © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 22. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 22 • Educate your stakeholders. In line with the previous two Laggard recommendations, companies that invest in formal training and education of stakeholders demonstrate better performance overall. With formal awareness and training on the larger mission, new processes, and organizational protocols, employees can not only comply but also boost productivity and innovate. Industry Average Steps to Success • Establish real-time visibility. Industry Average organizations should focus their efforts on increasing real-time visibility into core operational areas. Currently only 17% of Average companies have role-based access to sustainability information through dashboards. Real-time access to consolidated performance data will help Industry Average organizations move from reactive to proactive regarding their internal stakeholders and trading partners. Immediate access to performance data is an important component to initiative areas such as collaboration, energy usage, and risk analysis. • Adopt auto-reporting capabilities. Streamlined reporting capabilities will aid Industry Average organizations in achieving top performance by consolidating and presenting an array of complex and dispersed information in a user friendly format. Organizations with such capabilities are able to participate in one, or several, standardized reporting protocols in a highly efficient manner. Further, the ability to make sustainability performance data quickly and easily available for internal as well as external stakeholders and interested parties is a major step toward achieving the transparency and good governance required for stewardship and thought leadership. Best-in-Class Steps to Success • Enhance stakeholder communication. The top performing organizations in this study still have significant room for improvement. The Best-in-Class stand to gain by further engaging their stakeholders with a greater rate of communication. The ability to keep employees informed and sharing ideas around company- wide successes, challenges, priorities, and areas of opportunity greatly enhance the productive exchange of ideas, innovation, and momentum. The operational efficiencies that have led to dramatically reduced costs, lowered environmental impact, and greater rates of customer retention are just some of the benefits available to top performing organizations. A company's people are its greatest resource, making its competitive advantage possible. The Best-in-Class should focus on increasing the cohesion and effectiveness of its organization, and that begins with regular communication with its people. © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 23. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 23 • Expand the use of scorecards. While the Best-in-Class are 43% more likely than all others to utilize scorecards, more than half (56%) still do not. The recurring theme of these findings is that the Best-in-Class are holistically organized around clear policies aligned with short- and long-term goals and objectives. Performance management applied to the topic of sustainability creates a quantifiable and verifiable manner with which to optimize the performance of the entire value chain. Scorecards are a significant aid for stakeholders, both internal and external, and trading partners as well as employees are increasingly required to meet sustainability criteria. Scorecards effectively inform stakeholders of their progress and serve as a basis for improvement. Aberdeen Insights — Summary The results of Aberdeen research show that a rapidly growing number of organizations view sustainability as an essential component of the long-term viability and success of their business and are seeking to integrate responsibility-driven strategy into their organizational DNA. Regardless of industry, geography, or company size, sustainability requires organizations to change and innovate in fundamental ways that support a genuine and holistic engagement on issues encompassing the business, the environment, and society. While quantified cost and client outcomes tell one story about the impact of sustainability on the business, there persists an idea that sustainability outcomes are “soft,” “intangible,” or somehow at odds with being profitable. This may seem true at first glance, as popularly held rationales for sustainability are often linked to the idea that companies should focus on sustainability in order to generously “do good.” Yet, Aberdeen research has repeatedly shown that well-implemented and managed sustainability strategy strengthens a business ecosystem on multiple and concretely demonstrable levels. Findings also show that the difficulty in demonstrating the ROI of sustainability is often a matter of inefficiency and inactivity around tracking, measuring, and communicating sustainability progress, successes, challenges, and areas of opportunity. The practices that encompass both qualitative and quantitative analysis and engagement create a competitive advantage for the Best-in-Class. Based on results from the Best-in- Class in this study – and from the goals and strategies of over 6,000 other companies worldwide – it is clear that initiatives need to be: • Comprehensive. A deep understanding of the company definition of, strategy for, and progress towards, its vision of sustainable success is essential. Philosophical and practical clarity supported by education and training will aid the success of the larger goals. • Collaborative. Working collaboratively, internally and externally, allows a superior level of visibility, innovation, and agility in addressing issues that may compromise the goals of an initiative and the larger challenges to which they connect. • Controlled. Executive-level support and oversight of enterprise-wide sustainability objectives combined with clear performance metrics and tracking will allow the company to understand its challenges and successes in ways that are quantifiable and verifiable. • Communicated. Communication is essential to stimulate internal and external stakeholder interest and support. Aligning the brand publicly with genuine commitment and action can also boost brand value and create thought leadership. © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 24. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 24 Appendix A: Research Methodology Between January and February 2009, Aberdeen examined the use, the Study Focus experiences, and the intentions of more than 200 enterprises focused on Responding sustainability- implementing or expanding sustainability strategy and initiatives. Aberdeen focused executives completed supplemented this online survey effort with telephone interviews with select an online survey that included survey respondents, gathering additional information on strategies, questions designed to experiences, and results. determine the following: Responding enterprises included the following: √ The way in which sustainability strategy is • Job title / function: The research sample included respondents with crafted, implemented, and the following job functions: C-level / VP / Partner (33%); Director / managed across the General Manager (17%); Manager (19%); Consultant / Analyst (14%); organization Academic (4%); Staff (4%), all others (9%). √ The level of present and • Industry: The research sample included respondents from the planned investment in following industries: IT (consulting services, software / hardware) solutions and services in (16%), transportation / logistics (6%), consumer packaged goods support of 2009 (5%), food / beverage (5%), metals and metal products (5%), sustainability priorities and automotive (4%), construction / architecture (4%), general goals sustainability (4%), all others (51%). √ The structure and alignment • Geography: The majority of respondents (63%) were from North of performance tracking and reporting with key America. Remaining respondents were from Europe (20%), the performance indicators Asia-Pacific region (10%), South / Central America and Caribbean (3%), and Middle East, Africa (4%). √ Current and planned use of technology in support of • Company size: Thirty-two percent (32%) of respondents were from sustainability strategy large enterprises (annual revenues above US $1 billion); 30% were from midsize enterprises (annual revenues between $50 million and The study aimed to identify $1 billion); and 38% of respondents were from small businesses emerging best practices for (annual revenues of $50 million or less). company-wide sustainability strategy and implementation • Headcount: Half (50%) of the respondents were from large and management, and to enterprises (headcount greater than 1,000 employees); 27% were provide a framework by which from midsize enterprises (headcount between 100 and 999 readers could assess their own employees); and 23% of respondents were from small businesses capabilities. (headcount between 1 and 99 employees). © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 25. The ROI of Sustainability: Making the Business Case Page 25 Table 5: The PACE Framework Key Overview Aberdeen applies a methodology to benchmark research that evaluates the business pressures, actions, capabilities, and enablers (PACE) that indicate corporate behavior in specific business processes. These terms are defined as follows: Pressures — external forces that impact an organization’s market position, competitiveness, or business operations (e.g., economic, political and regulatory, technology, changing customer preferences, competitive) Actions — the strategic approaches that an organization takes in response to industry pressures (e.g., align the corporate business model to leverage industry opportunities, such as product / service strategy, target markets, financial strategy, go-to-market, and sales strategy) Capabilities — the business process competencies required to execute corporate strategy (e.g., skilled people, brand, market positioning, viable products / services, ecosystem partners, financing) Enablers — the key functionality of technology solutions required to support the organization’s enabling business practices (e.g., development platform, applications, network connectivity, user interface, training and support, partner interfaces, data cleansing, and management) Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 Table 6: The Competitive Framework Key Overview The Aberdeen Competitive Framework defines enterprises In the following categories: as falling into one of the following three levels of practices Process — What is the scope of process and performance: standardization? What is the efficiency and Best-in-Class (20%) — Practices that are the best effectiveness of this process? currently being employed and are significantly superior to Organization — How is your company currently the Industry Average, and result in the top industry organized to manage and optimize this particular performance. process? Industry Average (50%) — Practices that represent the Knowledge — What visibility do you have into key average or norm, and result in average industry data and intelligence required to manage this process? performance. Technology — What level of automation have you Laggards (30%) — Practices that are significantly behind used to support this process? How is this automation the average of the industry, and result in below average integrated and aligned? performance. Performance — What do you measure? How frequently? What’s your actual performance? Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 Table 7: The Relationship Between PACE and the Competitive Framework PACE and the Competitive Framework – How They Interact Aberdeen research indicates that companies that identify the most influential pressures and take the most transformational and effective actions are most likely to achieve superior performance. The level of competitive performance that a company achieves is strongly determined by the PACE choices that they make and how well they execute those decisions. Source: Aberdeen Group, May 2009 © 2009 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897