A hysterectomy is a surgery to remove a woman's uterus. It is usually performed by a gynecologist to treat conditions like fibroids, endometriosis, or cancer. After a hysterectomy, a woman can no longer get pregnant and will no longer have periods. There are several types of hysterectomies that can be performed, including abdominal, vaginal, laparoscopic, and robotic hysterectomies, which differ in their incision sites and recovery times. Common risks include an earlier menopause and increased risks of osteoporosis, incontinence, and loss of libido.

1. HYSTERECTOMY
Fahad zakwan

2. Hysterectomy
•Usually performed by a gynecologist
•Uterus is removed
•Other reproductive organs may be removed
•No longer able to have a baby
•Periods will stop

3. Indications
• Fibroids
• Endometriosis
• Uterine prolapse
• Cancer of the uterus, cervix, or ovaries
• Vaginal bleeding, DUB
• uncontrollable PPH
• Transgender man

4. •Pelvic inflammatory
disease
•Severe pelvic adhesions
•Bilateral ovarian
pathology
•Adenomyosis
•Pelvic congestion
syndrome
• Intractable, recurrent
dysmenorrhea or
metrorrhagia
• Uterine anomalies
• Recurrent intrauterine polyps
• Uterine perforation
• Mentally retarded patient
with no hygiene control
• Pregnancy
• Placenta increta, percreta, or
acreta
• Atonic uterus
• Uterine perforation
• Ruptured uterus

5. Risks and Side Effects
•Earlier onset of menopause
•Greater risk of cardiovascular disease
•Increased chance of osteoporosis and bone
fractures
•Uncontrolled urination
•Reduced libido
•Vaginal dryness

6. Epidemiology
• Hysterectomy is the second most common surgery
among women in the United States
• One in three women in U.S. had one by age 60
• Each year, more than 600,000 are done
• Over 90% are performed for benign conditions
• Over 70% also involved the surgical removal of ovaries

7. Types of Hysterectomy
• Partial Hysterectomy
• Removes 2/3 of uterus
• Total Hysterectomy
• Removes uterus and cervix
• Radical Hysterectomy
• Removes uterus, cervix, and
vagina

8. Types of Incisions
Vertical Incision
Pfannenstiel Incision

9. Abdominal Hysterectomy
• the uterus is removed through an incision in the
woman’s abdomen.
• Most invasive method
• Incision site at abdomen
• Hospital stay of 5-6 days
• Recovery time 6 weeks
• Possible retention of cervix
• Required for endometriosis and large fibroids

10. Vaginal Hysterectomy
• the uterus is removed through the vagina.
• Less invasive than abdominal hysterectomy
• Incision site at inner vagina
• Hospital stay 1-3 days
• Recovery time 4-6 weeks
• Cervix cannot be preserved

11. Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
• the uterus is removed in sections through small incisions using a
laparoscope
• Hospital stay 1-3 days
• Recover time is 4-6 weeks
• Longer duration of procedure
• Requires greater surgical expertise
• Urinary tract injuries are more likely
• Fewer abdominal wall infections or febrile episodes
• Less blood loss

12. Robotic Hysterectomy
•3-dimensional image
•Greater articulation
•Eliminate hand tremors
•Increased accuracy and
precision