Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14

1. Compounds , Mixtures and
Collides
Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14

2. 3 KINDS OF MATTER
Elements
Compounds
Mixtures

3. Elements
 All (living and nonliving) of the different
kinds of matter in the universe is made
from about 100 different substances,
called elements.
 Elements are called the building blocks of
matter because all matter is composed of
elements.
 Each element is made up of the same
type of atoms.

4. Compounds
 A compound is a substance made of two or
more different kinds of elements chemically
combined in a specific ratio.
 Each compound is represented by a formula that
uses symbols to identify which elements are
present.
 A formula shows the ratio of elements in the
compound.
 H2O – ratio of Hydrogen is 2:1 Oxygen

5.  The symbols make up the formula. A
formula is just chemical shorthand for the
compound.
 The subscript lets us know how many
atoms are present.
 The coefficient lets us know how many
molecules are present.

6. Compounds

7. Molecules
 A molecule is formed when two or more
atoms join together chemically.
 Diatomic molecules are made of two
atoms of the same element.
 Hydrogen – H2
 Oxygen – O2

8. What is the difference between a
compound and a molecule?
 A molecule is formed when two or more
atoms join together chemically.
 A compound is a molecule that contains at
least two different elements.
 All compounds are molecules but not all
molecules are compounds.

9.  Molecular hydrogen (H2), molecular
oxygen (O2) and molecular nitrogen (N2)
are not compounds because each is
composed of a single element.
 Water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and
methane (CH4) are compounds because
each is made from more than one
element.

10. Molecule
 The smallest bit of each of these
substances would be referred to as a
molecule. For example, a single molecule
of molecular hydrogen is made from two
atoms of hydrogen.
 A single molecule of water is made from
two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of
oxygen.

11. Mixtures
 Most matter in the
universe is found in
mixtures.
 A mixture is made
from two or more
substances either
elements, compounds
or both - that are not
chemically combined.

12. Mixtures and
compounds differ
in two ways…
Substances in a mixture keep
their individual properties.
Parts of a mixture are not
necessarily present in specific
ratios.

13. Compound
 A compound has properties different than
the elements that make it up.
 The parts of a compound are present in
specific ratio’s.

14. Compounds and Mixtures
 Most of the matter around you is in the
form of compounds or mixtures.
 Water, carbon dioxide, salt, vinegar,
baking soda, lye, sugar, gasoline, and
bleach are all chemical compounds.

15. Heterogeneous Mixture
 A mixture in which different materials can
be easily distinguished.
 Pizza, dry soup, chex mix, trail mix are all
examples.

16. Solutions
 Homogeneous mixture: is a substance in
which two or more substances are
uniformly spread out. For example salt
water.
 Solution is another term for homogeneous
mixture.

17. Solutions
 Solute is the substance being dissolved.
 Solvent is the substance that dissolves a
solute.
 Solubility is the amount of a substance
(solute) that will dissolve in a solvent.

18. Example
 Salt water:
 The water is the solvent
 NaCl is the solute

19. Colloids and Suspensions
 A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture that
like a solution never settles. Milk and
smoke are examples.
 One way to tell a colloid from a solution is
because milk is appears white because its
particles scatter light. Called the Tyndall
Effect.

20. Colloids
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 In a colloid the
particles are mixed
together but not
dissolved.
 The particles are
relatively large and
are kept permanently
suspended.

21. Colloids
 A colloid will not
separate upon
standing.
 The particles are
constantly colliding,
and this allows a
colloid to scatter light
– thus colloids often
seem cloudy.

23. suspension
 A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture
containing a liquid in which visible
particles settle.
 River water

24. Kinetic theory of matter
 The idea that all matter is made up of
constantly moving tiny particles.

25. THANK YOU!