1. ANATOMY OF HAND
GROUP MEMBERS
1.BETEL WENDWOSEN
2.EYOB KASEYA
3.MIGNOT DANIEL
4.NEJIMUDIN NURA
5.TINSAE KASSA

2. INTRODUCTION
• The human hand has a complex mechanism to perform
functional capabilities.
• Its integrity is essential for daily functions.
• Understanding of the normal hand characteristics requires
a comprehensive analysis of sensory and mechanical
features.
• The hand, positioned at the end of the upper limb, is a
combination of complex joints whose function is to
manipulate and grasp, all made possible by the opposing
movement of the thumb.
• Some biologists believe that the development of the
human hand lead indirectly to the development of our
large and complex brain.

3. Bony anatomy
• The hand and wrist have a total of 27 bones arranged to roll, spin
and slide.
• The carpus is formed from eight small bones collectively referred
to as the carpal bones.
• the metacarpals – the five bones that comprise the middle part of
the hand.
• the phalanges (singular phalanx) – the 14 narrow bones that make
up the fingers of each hand.

4. Joints of the Wrist and Hand
1, Radiocarpal joint
2, Midcarpal joint
3, A-Carpometacarpal
joint (thumb)
B-Carpometacarpal
joint (fingers)
4, Interphalangeal
5,Metacarpophalangeal
joints

5. Ligaments of the Wrist and Hand
 The stability of the wrist is
provided by ligaments
 Main ligaments of hand
 Collateral ligaments
 Volar plate ligaments
 Radial and ulnar collateral
ligaments
 Volar radiocarpal
ligaments
 Ulnocarpal and radioulnar
ligaments
 Dorsal radiocarpal
ligaments

6. Muscles of Hand
 Thirty-four muscles act on the
hand.
• Intrinsic muscles of the hand
contain the origin and
insertions within the carpal and
metacarpal bones.
• Muscles originating in the
forearm are the extrinsic
muscles of the hand.
• The intrinsic muscles of the
hand provide the fine motor
movements while the extrinsic
muscles permit strength.

7. Grip
There Two types of grasp are differentiated
according to the position and mobility of
thumb, CMC, and MP joints.
PRECISION GRASP
Palmar prehension (pulp to pulp),
Bip-to-tip
Lateral prehension (pad-to-side;
key grip)
POWER GRASP
Cylindrical grip
Spherical grip
Hook
Lateral prehension

8. Functional Position of the Hand
• Functional Position of the Hand provides the best balance of
resting length and force production so the hand can function
when the patient mobilizes it again.
Wrist
Extended 20 degrees
Ulnarly deviated 10 degrees
Digits 2 through 5
MP joints flexed 45degrees
PIP joints flexed 30-45 degrees
DIP joints flexed 10-20 degrees
Thumb
1st CMC jt partially abducted and opposed
MP joint flexed 10 degrees
IP joint flexed 5 degrees

9. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION