2. They have just gone running.
I have never eaten junk food!
Have you ever practised kung-fu?
3. When do we use the present perfect?
The present perfect is often used for an
action which started at some time in the
past, and is still continuing now.
4. When do we use the present perfect?
The present perfect is often used for an
action which started at some time in the
past, and is still continuing now.
5. When do we use the present perfect?
The present perfect is often used for an
action which started at some time in the
past, and is still continuing now.
You refer to a specific action in the past and it’s still
important in the present.
6. To form the P RESENT
PERFECT you need to
re m e m b er t h ere are
two kind s of verbs,
REGULAR and IRREGULAR
VERBS.
10. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
11. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end
of a word, double the consonant.
12. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end stop - stopped
of a word, double the consonant. shop - shopped
13. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end stop - stopped
of a word, double the consonant. shop - shopped
An -e at the end of the verb: leave the -e and add -d
14. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end stop - stopped
of a word, double the consonant. shop - shopped
live - lived
An -e at the end of the verb: leave the -e and add -d
save - saved
15. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end stop - stopped
of a word, double the consonant. shop - shopped
live - lived
An -e at the end of the verb: leave the -e and add -d
save - saved
Verbs ending in -y preceded by a vowel: add -ed
16. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end stop - stopped
of a word, double the consonant. shop - shopped
live - lived
An -e at the end of the verb: leave the -e and add -d
save - saved
play - played
Verbs ending in -y preceded by a vowel: add -ed
pray - prayed
17. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end stop - stopped
of a word, double the consonant. shop - shopped
live - lived
An -e at the end of the verb: leave the -e and add -d
save - saved
play - played
Verbs ending in -y preceded by a vowel: add -ed
pray - prayed
study - studied
carry - carried
18. To do the past tenses...
Add -ed to regular verbs
Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end stop - stopped
of a word, double the consonant. shop - shopped
live - lived
An -e at the end of the verb: leave the -e and add -d
save - saved
play - played
Verbs ending in -y preceded by a vowel: add -ed
pray - prayed
Verbs ending in -y preceded by a consonant: study - studied
change the -y into an -i and add -ed carry - carried
28. The irregular verbs have different forms.
Some of them change completely.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
Go went gone
Be was been
Sing sang sung
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive 10. Forget
2. Take 11. make
3. Run 12. write
4. Do 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
37. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove 10. Forget
2. Take 11. make
3. Run 12. write
4. Do 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
38. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take 11. make
3. Run 12. write
4. Do 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
39. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took 11. make
3. Run 12. write
4. Do 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
40. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run 12. write
4. Do 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
41. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran 12. write
4. Do 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
42. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
43. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
44. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
45. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
46. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
47. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
48. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
49. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
50. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat 17. read
9. See 18. hear
51. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate 17. read
9. See 18. hear
52. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See 18. hear
53. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw 18. hear
54. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
55. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
56. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
57. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
58. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
59. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
60. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
61. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
62. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
63. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
64. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
65. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
66. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam swum
7. Get got got 16. sing
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
67. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam swum
7. Get got got 16. sing sang
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
68. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam swum
7. Get got got 16. sing sang sung
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
69. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam swum
7. Get got got 16. sing sang sung
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
70. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam swum
7. Get got got 16. sing sang sung
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read read read
9. See saw seen 18. hear
71. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam swum
7. Get got got 16. sing sang sung
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read read read
9. See saw seen 18. hear heard
72. Look for the past forms of the irregular
verbs in your list and complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle Infinitive Past Simple Past Participle
1. Drive drove driven 10. Forget forgot forgotten
2. Take took taken 11. make made made
3. Run ran run 12. write wrote written
4. Do did done 13. buy bought bought
5. Leave left left 14. bring brought brought
6. Go went gone 15. swim swam swum
7. Get got got 16. sing sang sung
8. Eat ate eaten 17. read read read
9. See saw seen 18. hear heard heard
73. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
We form the Present Perfect with the auxiliary verb
HAVE (OR HAS) and the PAST PARTICIPLE of the main verb.
74. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the NEGATIVE we just need to add NOT to the
auxiliary: have not = haven’t / has not = hasn’t
75. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
76. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where
77. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have
78. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have you
79. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have you saved
80. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have you saved your things?
81. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have you saved your things?
Has
82. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have you saved your things?
Has she
83. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have you saved your things?
Has she finished
84. Form of the PRESENT PERFECT
To form the INTERROGATIVE here is the FORMULA:
(QW) + Auxiliary Verb + subject + main verb + object
Have past participle
Where have you saved your things?
Has she finished the exercise?
85. Time markers /Signal Words for the
Present Perfect
already = já
ever = já
since = desde
for = durante; (há)
just = agora mesmo
never = nunca
yet = ainda / já
so far, till now, up to now = até agora
86. Ever vs Never
We use EVER in interrogative sentences:
Have you ever been to Paris?
(it comes between the auxiliary verb and the main
verb)
We use NEVER in affirmative sentences:
I have never done exercises with this verb tense.
(it comes between the auxiliary verb and the main
verb)