2. NUTRITION
• The general requirements for energy and
materials is common in all organisms.
• On the basis of nutrition, organisms are
grouped into autotrophs and heterotrophs.
3. Autotrophs
• In Autotrophic Nutrition, the organisms prepares or synthesis own
food utilizing only inorganic raw materials.
Ex. Green Plants.
• They prepares their own food by photosynthesis. Green plant
and autotrophic bacteria contain a Green pigment in them, known as
chlorophyll.
Heterotrophs
• It is defined as a type of nutrition in which energy is derived from
the intake and digestion of the organic substances normally of plant
or animal source.
• Heterophytic Nutrition is seen in three types, they are saprophytic
Nutrition, parasitic Nutrition, and holozoic Nutrition.
• A human being follows holozoic Nutrition. It involves Ingestion,
Digestion, Absorption, Assimilation and Egestion
4. Respiration
The food materials taken in during the
process of nutrition is used in cells to
provide energy for various life processes.
The energy used in all the cellular activities
is obtained from the oxidation of the
carbohydrate. So the process by which
energy is made available to all the living
cells is called respiration.
5. • Oxidation of food may occur in presence
as well as absence of oxygen. Hence
respiration is of two types. They are
aerobic respiration – in presence of
oxygen and anaerobic respiration – in
absence of oxygen.
6. Transportation
Transportation is the function of circulatory
system. circulatory systems is also called
cardiovascular system. It comprises blood,
blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and heart.
Three principal fluids circulate in our body -
White corpuscles(Leucocytes), Red
corpuscles(Erythrocytes) and blood
platelets(Thrombocytes).
7. Excretion
The biological process involved in the
removal of these harmful metabolic wastes
from the body is called excretion. The
excretory system of human beings includes
a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary
bladder and a urethra.
