13. 2. Nicotine
A active ingredient in tobacco.
Used in smoking cessation therapy
Nicotine remains imp because:
It is 2nd only to caffeine as most widely used
CNS stimulants
it is 2nd only to alcohol as most abused drug
15. ADVERSE EFFECT
I. CNS irritability and tremors
II. Intestinal cramps, diarrhoea
III. Increased HR & BP
16. 3. VARENICLINE
Partial agonist at nicotinic receptor in cns
It produces less euphoric effects than
those produced by nicotine itself
17. SIDE EFFECTS
o Nausea
o Change in taste
o Vomiting
o Abdominal pain
o Constipation
o Serious S/E including suicidal behaviour and
depression
18. 4.COCAINE
Strong stimulant mostly used as recreational
drug.
Commonly snorted, inhaled or injected into
veins.
It is addictive & after short period of use,
there is a high risk that
dependence will occur.
19.
20.
21. ADVERSE EFFECTS
Anxiety rxn that includes; HTN, tachycardia,
sweating & paranoia
Depression
Addicts withdrawing exhibit physical
&emotional depression as well as agitation
vasoconstriction
22. 5. AMPHETAMINE
• It is a potent CNS stimulants that is used
in tx of ADHD, narcolepsy and obesity
• DEXTROAMPHETAMINE is major member
of this compound
• It is non catecholamine
27. 7.METHYLPHENIDATE
• It is a CNS stimulants of phenethylamine and
piperidine classes that is used in tx of ADHD
and narcolepsy
• Less potential for abuse than cocaine
• Properties similar to amphetamine and may
also lead to abuse
29. 8.PICROTOXIN
• Also called cocculin is a poisonous crystalline
plant compound
• Acts as a non competitive channel blocker for
GABA receptor chloride channels
• It have stimulant &
Convulsant effect
30. HALLUCINOGENS
• Also called psychotomimetic
• it is the stimulants that produce profound
changes in thought patterns & moods, with
little effect on brain stem & spinal cord
• Incapable of normal decision making because
drug interfere with rational thought
31. A. Lysergic acid diethylamide
• It is a psychedelic drug of ergoline family well
known for its psychological effects which can
include altered thinking processes,
synesthesia, an altered sense of time &
spiritual experiences
• It is non addictive
34. B. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
• The main psychoactive alkaloid contained in
marijuana is THC which is available as
DRONABINOL
• THC can produce euphoria followed by
drowsiness & relaxation
35.
36. ADVERSE EFFECT
o Increased HR
o Decreased BP
o Reddening of conjunctiva
o At high dose, toxic psychosis
develops
37. C. RIMONABANT
• It is an anorectic antiobesity drug that use to
treat obesity
• It induces psychiatric disturbances, such as
anxiety and depression
• Indicated with a BMI >30 kg/m2
or pt. with BMI >27 kg/m2
associated with risk factors like DM
dyslipidaemia
38. POTENTIAL USES
i. Obesity
ii. Smoking cessation
iii. Addiction behaviour
iv. Short term memory
v. Blockage of cannabis effect
39. D. PHENCYCLIDINE
• Also known as PCP or “ANGEL DUST”
• Inhibits reuptake of dopamine
• Major action is to block ion channel regulated
by NMDA subtype of glutamine receptor
40. CNS stimulant Addiction
Increased intolerance
Withdrawal symptoms
Severe depression & suicidal thoughts
Damage to body organ including heart &
respiratory system
Illness due to poor nutrition
Work & family problems
impotence
41. QUESTION
The nurse would expect the physician to order
which drug for the treatment of ADHD in
children?
A. Zolmitriptan (zomig)
B. Doxapram HCL (dopran)
C. Benzphetamine HCL (didrex)
D. Methylphenidate HCL (ritalin)
42. ANSWER
• METHYLPHENIDATE is most commonly used to
treat ADHD
• ZOLMITRIPTAN is used to treat migraines
• DOXAPRAM is used as a respiratory stimulant
• BENZPHETAMINE is an anorexiant