3. Objective of This Lectures
• Sharing knowledge on Wireless
Technology especially EDGE.
• Built awareness on EDGE as part of
Wireless business driven by customer
demand.
• Bring student to new highlight of EDGE
Technology.
5. Introduction
• Use of Wireless/Cellular Communication
is increase significantly compare to fixed line.
• Functionality of Wireless and or Cellular
Communication is not limited on voice service
only.
8. Wide Zone System
•Fixed frequency for each
user or multi-channel access
•Easy to control F1 – F3
•High transmission power
MCA/ Convenience radio phone/
Handy wireless (Taxi wireless) etc.
Cellular System
•Able to use the same
frequency repeatedly F3
•Multi-channel access F2
F2 F1
•Low transmission power F3
F3 F2
Cellular phone/ In-flight telephone
Tele-terminals, etc.
9. •Omni zone
No directional antenna
Large number of BS
•Sector zone
Directional antenna
Small number of BS
14. FDMA
Frequency
f1
f2
f3 •Fixed channel layout
•Analog system
Time
TDMA
Frequency
1 2 3 1 2 3
•Large peak power
•Using together with FDMA
•Digital system
Time
DS-CDMA
#3
•Transmit power control
Frequency
#2
is required (Up link)
Spreading code#1
•Interference limited
•Digital system
Time
16. Detect that a mobile terminal Update the base station circuit with the
is moving between cells. new cell information and send a signal
to the mobile telephone instructing it to
switch to the new channel.
Determine the cell to which the mobile
station has moved, and select an
available call channel in that cell.
•Increase control load
•Disconnecting of a moment
19. • Initially Formed on 1982 to create common
European Mobile Telephone Standard that
operating on 900 MHz.
• Mostly accepted as worldwide global
standard on 900 MHz Digital Mobile
Communication.
• Use TDMA as access method.
21. Data for
some
terminal
Radio channel
Compression · Multiplexing Time
Received
signal on the
terminal
Terminal: Tx/Rx when it is necessary
•Power saving
•Long life battery
26. Wireless Development
'80s '90s 2000s
Initial stage Growing stage Expansion stage Matured Stage
- Voice - Voice
-Low-speed - High-speed Data Transmission
- Voice
~
Data Transmission
64kbps
~ ~
384kbps ( 2Mbps)
Analog Digital IMT-2000 M-BISDN
-Cellular -Cellular M-ISDN including Video,
-Coedless Cordless High Speed Data
(1 st generation) (2nd –2.5th (3rd generation)
Generation) (4th generation)
-PDC
-AMPS -GSM - W-CDMA
-TACS -IS-54 - CDMA2000 etc.
-NTT etc. -PHS etc.
27. Wireless Communication Trend
Personal
? Ultra-small
? Low-electric power consumption terminal
? Diversification of ? Multi-mode terminal
social activities and ? High-functional, high-efficient terminal
? Single-function, low price terminal
Multimedia
? Internet
? Media mixes ? Capability of handling voice, video, and data
? Fusion between ? High-efficient multi-rate voice and video CODEC
communications ? High-speed, high-quality transmission
and broadcasting
Universal ? Global-roaming
? Global standard
? Anywhere, anytime
? Satellite mobile communication, boosters
28. Mobile Communications in the 21st Century
Universal
Universal Service usable
anywhere in the world
Mobile Communications
Personal Multimedia
Personal Services Variegated, High-quality
usable by anyone Multimedia Services
29. Comparison of 3G Major Proposals
UTRA/FDD, TDD (Europe)
W-CDMA/NA (Europe + U.S.A.) cdma 2000 (U.S.A.)
Global CDMA II (Korea) Global CDMA I (Korea)
W-CDMA (Japan)
4.096 Mcps 3.6864 Mcps
8.192Mcps 14.7456Mcps
Chip rate
16.384Mcps ( 0.9216Mcps : Korea )
Layer 1 parameter
(1.2288, 7.3728, 11.0592Mcps :
( 1.024Mcps : Japan, Korea ) U.S.A. )
Inter-cell
Async. / Sync. Sync. / Async
synchronization
Downlink Individual (Common : Korea) Common
pilot Time multiplex (Code multiplex : Korea) Code multiplex
Uplink pilot IQ multiplex IQ, code multiplex
32. FDMA
Frequency
f1
f2 •Fixed channel layout
f3
•Analog system
Time
TDMA
•Large peak power
Frequency
1 2 3 1 2 3 •Using together with FDMA
•Digital system
Time
DS-CDMA •Transmit power
#3
#2 control is required
Frequency
(Up link)
Spreading code#1 •Interference limited
CDM •Digital system
Time
33. Principle of DS-CDMA
Spreading Despreading
Input Data Data Output
data modulation demodulation (4) data
(1) (2) (3)
Spreading Spreading
code code
Power
Power
Power
Power
Frequency Frequency Frequency Frequency
(1)Transmit data (2)Transmit data (3)Received data (4)Recovered data
(narrow band (Spread data) (with interference) (De-spread data)
data)
34. Spreading / Despreading
Input data
Spreading
code
Tx signal
Rx signal
Spreading
code
Output data
35. Frequency reuse factor of 1
f1 f2 f1 f1
f1 f2 f3 f1 f2 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1
f3 f1 f2 f3 f1 f1 f1 f1
f1 f2 f3 f1 f2 f1 f1 f1 f1 f1
f3 f1 f2 f3 f1 f1 f1 f1
f3 f1
FDMA/TDMA CDMA
? Reuse partitioning ? Frequency management free
36. Near-far problem and Tx power
control
Large interference
Near-far problem to signal from UE1
Tx power=1 W Tx power=1 W
UE 1 UE 2
Tx power control
Tx power=1 W Tx power=0.2 W
UE 1 UE 2
Tx power is controlled so that received
signal becomes required value.
37. Diversity Handover
Downlink Uplink
Selective
RNC RNC combining
Node B
Maximum ratio
combining
Advantage of Diversity Handover
Improve stability of communications between cells
Increase of capacity (selective or maximum ratio)
To avoid data loss during handover procedure
38. Comparison with Other System
Item PDC cdma One (IS-95) W-CDMA
Frequency 800MHz/1.5GHz 800MHz/1.9GHz 2GHz
Multiple TDMA CDMA CDMA
access
Band width 50kHz 1.25MHz 5MHz (5/10/20MHz multi
PSI-CELP(4 kbps),
CODEC EVRC (8 kbps) GSM-AMR (12.2 kbps)
G.729(8 kbps)
Hand-over Hard (with disconnect) Soft (without disconnect) Soft (without disconnect)
Data 28.8kbps (Packet) 14.4kbps 384kbps
transmission
Frequency 1 1.06-1.55X compared PDC) 2X compared PDC
usage
Not required Required in order to set Not required
GPS system
inter-cell synchronization
Continuous
waiting time About 330 hour About 200 hour -
Number of About 4,280 mil. , 99.7 About 200 mil., 99.7 -
subscribers
40. Basic Requirements and Features:
“IMT-2000 defines third generation mobile systems
which are scheduled to start service around the year
2000 … These systems will provide access by
means of one or more radio links to a wide range of
telecommunications services supported by the fixed
and mobile telecommunications networks (e.g.
PSTN/ISDN/PLMN), and to other services which
may be unique to IMT-2000. A range of mobile
terminal types designed for mobile and fixed use, is
envisaged linking to terrestrial and/or satellite-based
networks.”
1997 ITU Circular Letter
41. Basic Requirements and Features:
“A goal for third generation mobile systems is to
provide universal coverage and to enable terminals
to be capable of seamless roaming between
multiple networks … It is a design objective of
IMT-2000 that the number of radio interfaces
should be minimal and, if more than one interface
is required, that there should be a high degree of
commonality between them.”
1997 ITU Circular Letter
42. Inside ITU Outside ITU
Request Issued 4 April 97
for proposals Proposals Submit by
30 June 98
Develop,
Review submit & evaluate
evaluations Repo technologies
rts du
e 30 Se
pt 98
Consensus
Evaluation
building Market
Key Choices related
31 Mar 99 factors
Development of Implementation
Done 31 Dec 99
Recommendations of
Recommendations
43. Radio Interface Evaluation Process
IMT-2000 Radio Technology Evaluation Groups:
• Canadian Evaluation Group
• Telecom Engineering Center (India)
• China Evaluation Group
• T1P1/TR46 International Standards Ad-Hoc (USA)
• TIA/TR-45 Ad-Hoc International Standards
Development Group (USA)
• Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB,
Japan)
• ETSI SMG2 (Europe)
• ITU Malaysia
• TTA Evaluation Ad-Hoc (Korea)
44. Radio Interface Evaluation Process
Summary of Minimum Performance Capabilities:
Test Indoor Outdoor to Vehicular Satellite
environment Office Indoor and
Pedestrian
Data services At least At least At least At least
capabilities – 2 048 kbit/s 384 kbit/s 144 kbit/s 9.6 kbit/s
circuit
switched and
packet
See ITU Circular Letter Attachment 4 for details
46. Mobile Communications in the 21th Century
Universal Service usable
anywhere in the world
Global (Universal)
Personal Multimedia
Personal Services Variegated, High-quality
usable by anyone Multimedia Services
48. Virtual Home Environment (VHE)
Supplementary services are provided in the home NW
and the other NW, with the same view and operation.
operation
Europe
The same Supp. Services
Home NW
Japan
USA
49. Mobile Multimedia services
Mobile Multimedia Broadcast
2M Remote Database Access
Video Internet medical
Conference Information
Access service
(High quality) (Medical image) Video on Distribution
Video demand Mobile TV
384K Services
Catalog -Sports
Video shopping -News
Conference WWW News
-Movies
(Low quality)
Weather
64K e-mail forecast
Electronic ISDN
ftp Newspaper Karaoke Traffic
information Mobile
32K Voice
Radio
Telephone IP Mail pager Sports
Conference Electronic information
16K telephony
Publishing
Leisure
etc Information
9.6K
Telephone Electronic FAX Image
2.4K Mail
Data
1.2K Voice
Symmetric Asymmetric Multicast
Point to Point Multi Point
50. Business Mobile TV&Phone Public
Video Conference
Information transport system
E-Mail Guidance for driving
DB System for old people
Mobile Multimedia
Communication NW
Private DB
Emergency system
Information
distribution
service
Music on demand
Electronic news paper Remote sensing
Karaoke Mobile TV & Control
on demand Video on demand Electronic book
Interactive TV Tele shopping
Interactive game In-home studying
51. <Receiver> <Sender>
Home
Home Visual Phone
Visual Phone
Cellular
Visual Phone
Cellular
Visual Phone
PDA
IMT-2000
Note PC
PDA
Note PC
Data Base
Server
Real Time
Server
52. 1. Voice Terminal 2. Data Terminal 3. Visual Terminal
·????128kbps??
Down Link:384kbps
· ????????????
·????128kbps?? 384kbps????
· ????????????
384kbps????
· PC??IrDA???
·????33.6kbps????
*??????,??/????
???????????
32kbps???????????
?
Up Link:64kbps
Output Power(Data):250mW
IrDA/BlueTooth Output Power(Voice):125mW
Handy Phone Type
Handy Phone Type PDA Type
Down Link:128kbps Data Speed:64kbps
·????128kbps??
· ????????????
384kbps????
· PC??IrDA???
·????33.6kbps???
?
Up Link:64kbps Output Power:250mW
Output Power(Data):250mW Asymmetrical Data Speed
Output Power(Voice):125mW PCMCIA with Down Link Priority
4. Car Multimedia Terminal 5. Indoor Hi-speed Data Terminal
Down Link:2Mbps
Up Link:384kbps
Low Output Power
Data Speed:384kbps
Output Power:2W
54. Conclusion
• Exponential Increment on Wireless and or
Cellular Communication change the way telco
business on many aspect.
• Functionality of Wireless and or Cellular
Communication already step on multi media
application which support by mature of
standardization.
• Technology is only “flavor” on Wireless and or
Cellular Communication, Its rely on customer
choice.
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