2. What are the Middle Ages?
The Middle Ages is a period of 10 centuries starting
from the year 400AD all the way till the 1500s! That’s
an amazingly huge amount of time!
The middle ages was when knights in suits of
shining armour fought each other in furious battles
risking their life to protect their kingdom! There were
castles and catapults, all very exciting inventions
back then.
3. Castles
A castle is a fort holding
residences and noble people.
Castles usually have thick stone
walls used to defend these
residences from fierce battles.
Castles are huge and have many
parts in it including a village, a
moat and turrets!
4. Construction of Castles
Before the construction of the castle begins, the king decides to select a spot to build the
castle
Let’s build
the castle
here!
Great
spot,
Sir!
I agree!
5. Construction of Castles
After more people participate to join in the kingdom, they begin building the castle
Get on
with the
work
guys!
Commandin
g seems like
fun…
7. Construction of Castles
The moat is filled with water.
Wate
r
Fill it
with
water!
Looks like an
excellent
swimming
pool!
8. Castle Interior
Liquid
Grapes™
Moat
The most, usually
filled with water is
used to stop
people getting
into the castle
Drawbridge
The drawbridge
is a bridge that
can be opened or
closed using
pulleys made out
of ropes or
chains.
Turrets
These stone
towers on the
corners of the
castle are used
for
archers/snipers
to shoot down
enemy soldiers.
9. Castle Interior
Cathedral
This is a place of
praise and
worship. The
cathedral is
commonly
associated with
he bishop.
Village/ Houses
This is where
supporting
people and
soldiers live in.
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Tavern/Bar
This building is
basically a
‘refreshment place’
for residents and
soldiers. People eat
and drink here.
Forge
The forge is
basically the
blacksmith’s
workshop where
he crafts armor
and weaponry for
the soldiers.
10. Castle Interior
Well
The well is used
o collect water,
which is usually
used for drinking
and washing.
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s
Ornament
Ornaments are
used to make
castles look more
royal and
expensive usually
to intimidate
Throne Room
A very ornate
place, where the
king, queen, etc.
live in. They eat,
drink, sleep and
make formal
speeches.
Stable
This is where the
horses are taken
care of. Cavalry
soldiers use the
horses in here.
11. Parts of armor
Helmet
Helmets are used to
protect the head,
particularly when
projectiles like arrows and
cannonballs are being
used.
Left Hand: Assault
A weapon (usually a
sword or dagger) is used
to attack opposing
soldiers.
Gauntlet
The gauntlet is a leather
or iron ‘glove’ which is
worn on the hand to
protect it.
Right Hand:
Defending
Usually a shield or
hard gauntlet is used
to defend the knight
himself/herself.
Gaiters
Gaiters is a ‘fancy word’
for leggings which
protects your legs and
feet. These are usually
made of iron.
12. Parts of armor
Pauldrons
The pauldron was worn to
protect the shoulder area,
sometimes covering a
portion of the back.
Chestplate
The chestplate is used to
protect your abdomen
from incoming attacks.
Boots
This is used to protect
feet from rough surfaces
and falling down long
depths.
13. Armor Material
Cloth
Cloth is used
particularly for
decoration uses and
can possibly be
attached to
weapons and
shields.
Leather
Leather is used in
some low-quality
armor however
more people prefer
using leather for
gloves and boots.
Metal
Usually bronze or
steel, metals are a
popular choice for
armory because it is
durable and hard.
Its shiny texture also
increases its
popularity.
14. Armor Material
Embroidery
Embroidery made
out of gold or even
diamonds were
engraved onto
armor to make it
look more royal and
expensive.
Accessories
Accessories were
added to armor to
make it look more
graceful and unique.
These accessories
can compose of
feathers, gems or
emblems.
Engravings
Pictures, words or
numbers were
engraved into armor
for luck,
commemoration or
grace.
15. Hand Assault
Sword
The sword was a
well-known weapon
used by many
soldiers. It is used to
stab, slice and
puncture
objects/soldiers.
Flail
The flail was a
commonly used
weapon by heavily
armed and skilled
soldiers. It is used like a
whip but instead with a
spiked ball on the end
which can be used for
heavy assault.
Lance
The lance was
basically the
advanced sword
which was used
when charging into
enemies. Cavalry
soldiers also used
lances a lot.
16. Hand Assault
Crossbow
The crossbow was
an advanced version
of the bow which
launched arrows a lot
more forcefully and
efficiently.
Hammer
A very heavy weapon
used to crush
buildings and
soldiers’ armour. The
hammer was also a
defensive weapon.
Battleaxe
Rather than the
ordinary woodchopping axes,
battleaxes are used
to attack opposing
soldiers.
17. Siege Assault
Catapult
The catapult was
used to launch
projectiles, especially
stones and pieces of
metal towards castle,
destroying walls and
buildings.
Battering Ram
A very heavy weapon
which used the front
of the ‘log’ to crush
buildings and
soldiers’ armour.
Ballista
The ballista was a
large-scale version of
the crossbow, firing a
large spear having a
rope attached to the
rear of the spear.
This acted like a
‘grappling hook’.
18. Becoming a Knight
Step One: Wait
Once a child was born, he or she would be cared
by their mother before becoming seven years old.
When they were seven, they could be trained.
Step Two: Page
When they were seven, they were given the title of
a page. This meant real huntsmen and falconers
taught them how to hunt. They also learnt religion
and performed practice battles with wooden
weapons.
Step Three: Squire
The page was given the title of a page at the age of
fourteen. Being a squire, he could assist real
knights in quests or battles.
Step Four: Knight
At the age of 21, the squire could then become a
real knight himself and help defend their kingdom.
