Marketing 101

1. Products
and Service
Decisions
Now that we’ve
answered
the “What is a product?”
question, we dig into the
specific decisions that
companies must make
when designing and
marketing
products and services.

2. 2
3 Levels of
Decisions
Individual
Product
Decisions
Product Line
Decisions
Product Mix
Decisions

3. INDIVIDUAL PRODUCT
DECISIONS
Product
Attributes
Branding Packaging Labeling
Product
Support
Services

4. 1. Product and
Service
Attributes
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5. Product quality
• The characteristics of a product or service
that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or
implied customer needs.
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Total Quality Management
• Is an approach in which all of the company’s people are
involved in constantly improving the quality of products,
services, and business processes.

6. Product Features
• Features are a competitive tool for differentiating the
company’s product from competitors’ products.
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Product Style and Design
• Style simply describes the appearance of a product.
• Design is more than skin deep—it goes to the very heart
of a product; it contributes to a product’s usefulness as well as
to its looks.

7. 2. Branding
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8. Brand
• A name, term, sign, symbol, design, or a
combination of these, that identifies the
products or services of one seller or group
of sellers and differentiates them from
those of competitors.
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9. 3. Packaging
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10. Packaging
• The activities of designing and
producing the container or wrapper
for a product
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11. 4. Labeling
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12. Label
• It identifies the product or brand. The label also
describe several things about the product—who
made it, where it was made, when it was made,
its contents, how it is to be used, and how to use
it safely.
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13. 5. Product Support
Services
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14. Product Line Decisions
Product line
• A group of products that are closely related
because they function in a similar manner, are
sold to the same customer groups, are marketed
through the same types of outlets, or fall within
given price ranges.
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15. A company can expand its product line in
two ways: by line filling or line stretching.
• Product line filling- involves adding more
items within the present range of the line.
• Product line stretching - occurs when a
company lengthens its product line beyond
its current range.
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16. Unilever products

17. Product Mix Decisions
Product mix (or product portfolio)
• The set of all product lines and items that a
particular seller offers for sale.
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18. A company’s product mix has four important
dimensions: width, length, depth, and consistency.
• Product mix width- refers to the number of different product lines
the company carries.
• Product mix length-refers to the total number of items a company
carries within its product lines.
• Product mix depth- refers to the number of versions offered for
each product in the line.
• Consistency of the product mix- refers to how closely related
the various product lines are in end use, production requirements,
distribution channels, or some other way.
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19. Soap Shampoo Cream Toothpaste
PERSONAL CARE FOOD & DRINKS
TeaIce cream
Lux
Dove
Lifebuoy
Clear
Dove
Lifebuoy
Close up
Pepsodent
Cornetto
Magnum
Lipton
Supreme
Ponds
Dove
Fair
& Lovely
Product
Mix
Depth
Product Line - 1
Product Mix Width
Product Line - 2
Product Line Length Product Line Length
Product Mix Length
Consistency

20. Slide by: Patricia De Vera 20