3D Printing aka Rapid Prototyping is a game changing technology that is changing the way that designers produce prototypes and short-run manufacturing. This presentation is part of Delvinia's internal Lunch & Learn workshops and is intended for educational purposes only.

1. This presentation is part of our ongoing series of Lunch & Learn educational sessions presented by members of the Delvinia team. 3D Printing Rapid PrototypingJanuary 27, 2010

2. Agenda > Imagine… > What is it? > How does it work? > Demo > (if we have time)The Future

3. Replication We are a Firm. the replicator Is not just science fiction anymore...

4. Imagine... printing an entire building We are a

5. Imagine... printing the body for your next car

6. Imagine... printing your lunch

7. Imagine... printing skin, blood vessels & human organs

8. Imagine... We are a if humans can be manufactured (dramatic pause) Firm.

9. Why are talking about 3D printing? It’s a game changer… It’s a technology that will change the prototyping, manufacturing and distribution of physical objects It’s teleportation via the internet

10. Transformative Technologies

11. Transformative Digital Businesses

12. What is it? “Rapid Prototyping (aka. 3D Printing) is the automatic construction of physical objects using additive manufacturing technology.”

13. History Subtractive Manufacturing is the oldest way of making something. It’s laborious, requires specialized skills and each item is unique.

14. History It has been updated a bit by the Industrial Revolution and computers. But it’s still basically the same thing: Chopping bits off.

15. History Prototyping (before the ‘Rapid’ part was invented) went something like this: Someone would imagine the design of a new product and draw blueprints of it’s dimensions and a list of materials required. Lego Minifig

16. History Then a craftsperson would spend many hours carefully machining a prototype based on those blueprints. HugeAss Lathe 3000

17. History After some back-and-forth a final prototype would be signed off on and could be moved into production. For plastic items this could involve building a negative mould, which would have heated plastic injected into it to form the final part. Lego Injection Mould

18. History Powdered Material Frikin’ Laser Convert to Machine Code Computer Design Melted Layers of Material Become the Part Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) Process Overview The technology for Additive Manufacturing, or Rapid Prototyping, became available in the late 1980s.

19. Advantages Advantages of Rapid Prototyping for a Company It’s faster to print out a prototype than for one to be hand crafted. You only use up as much raw material as is needed to create the part. Which is also good for the environment! You no longer require highly skilled machinists to make prototypes, instead you have printing machine operators. And… (Fleshy units are fired!)

20. Advantages The equipment is relatively inexpensive to buy and run… for a company or government. Rapid Prototyping Worldwide

21. Disadvantages Sintered Steel Sintered Plastic Original Makerbot The surface quality and strength of a printed part may be poorer than machined or extruded parts. Once the moulds have been made it takes a lot less time to extrude or cast a part than it does to print one.

22. Disadvantages The Economy of Scale: For a single or a few parts it can make sense to use Rapid Prototyping to create them. For hundreds, thousands or millions of copies of a part, you need to get heavily industrial. Honda EV-N Concept Toyota iQ

23. Disadvantages Although it may be sign that Rapid Prototyping is maturing that some manufacturer are including RP’d parts in their products… or in this case, it’s what they plan to do once they go into production. KOR EcoLogicUrbee

24. 3D Printing @ Home The proliferation of home computers and the invention of the Arduino - a cheap microcontroller aimed at electronic hobbyists - has made it possible for home users to get their hands on relatively inexpensive 3D printing machines with controller boards based on the Arduino.

25. 3D Printing @ Home Right now home 3D Printing is at about the same stage of development as home computers were back in 1975. If you wanted one you pretty much had to order a kit from a hobby magazine, build it and program it yourself. Altair 8800 Computer

26. 3D Printing @ Home The first really home-user friendly printer was the Darwin, created in 2008 by the RepRap* Project at the University of Bath in the U.K. *Replicating Rapid-prototyper. The goal of the project is to create a machine which is capable of printing out the majority of the parts required to make another one.

27. 3D Printing @ Home It’s open-source design was quickly taken up, modified, and commercialized. Which is where my Makerbot “Cupcake” comes from.

28. 3D Printing @ Home RepRap Mendel (The next generation post Darwin.) An example of a home made “RepStrap” machine Fab@Home There are other home printers out there, but currently the ones sold by Makerbot are the most popular kits.

29. 3D Printing @ Home For roughly $1000 the Cupcake kit comes as sheets of laser cut plywood, lots of hardware, motors, drive belts and circuit boards. (Some assembly required.) Note: The Cupcake is no longer available, and has been replaced by it’s successor, the Thing-O-Matic. ($1225)

30. 3D Printing @ Home 1lb. of Black ABS Plastic ($15) Plastruder Mk.5 ($185, included in kit) Makerbots print objects from a plastic filament, squirting it from the tip of a heated nozzle.

31. 3D Printing @ Home Dremel Mountby clothbot Frostruder ($150) Unicorn Plotter ($85) There are other tool heads for printing with frosting, plaster, clay, etc. A plotter pen holder. And some user-designed ones, such as this bracket for mounting a Dremel cutting tool.

32. 3D Printing @ Home MakerBot also sells the parts for a 3D scanner, which allows you to create a 3D model that you can use to print copies. Requires that you also buy a Pico Projector and either a PS3 Eye Camera, iPod Touch, iPhone or other VGA video camera. Cyclops ($50)

33. 3D Printing @ Home Double Coat Hook by hoeken Printed by jag Open-Source printers and 3D models are driving a large hobbyist market for buying & building. Including community websites where you can find 3D files for open-source objects which you can download and print, modify and re-share… and of course you can upload your own designs.

34. How to 3D Print Once you have a 3D printer you need objects to print. You can download them from a community website like Thingiverse or you can make your own using free software like Google Sketchup or (if you’re a masochist :) ) Blender. Blender Sketchup

35. How to 3D Print Open the file in ReplicatorG - free software for controlling 3D printers - and click the “Generate GCode” button. GCode is the step-by-step instructions that control the printer’s X, Y & Z motors, the extruder’s motor and the heating elements. ReplicatorG

36. How to 3D Print Once the GCode is generated you’re ready to print! Get the printer set up, click the Print button and be ready to click the Stop button… just in case.

37. Future of 3D Printing @ Home New & improved designs for printers that will be less expensive, easier to build & operate and that will have larger printing areas. Improved electronics which will be less expensive, more powerful and quieter. More printing head types for a wider variety of materials. The ability to print multiple material types in one item.

38. Future Applications

40. Raw food cartridges (think Tassimo)

41. A 3D model or recipe drives the printing head

42. The recipe takes into account heat sequences, wait times, etc.http://www.geek.com/articles/gadgets/yummy-mit-creates-a-3d-food-printer-concept-20100722/

44. Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) http://ccsl.mae.cornell.edu/node/194

45. health & medical Prosthetic Covers Wax-ups for teeth moulds Customized Hearing Aids Bespoke Innovations

46. skin http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHz4akTdno0

47. organs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80DhBLEhdzk&

48. This presentation is part of our ongoing series of Lunch & Learn educational sessions presented by members of the Delvinia team. For more information on this presentation, our work or anything else, contact us at one of the links below. Tel: 416-364-1455 www.delvinia.com facebook.com/delviniainteractive twitter.com/delvinia linkedin.com/company/delvinia-interactive Email: contact@delvinia.com thanks!