4.
This matrix provides a learning cycle that
involves four processes that must be present
for learning to occur.
Kolb called this Experiential Learning since
experience is the source of learning and
development (1984). Each ends of the
continuums (modes) provide a step in the
learning process:
5.
Concrete experience (feeling): Learning from specific
experiences and relating to people. Sensitive to other's
feelings.
Reflective observation (watching): Observing before
making a judgment by viewing the environment from
different perspectives. Looks for the meaning of things.
Abstract conceptualization (thinking): Logical analysis
of ideas and acting on intellectual understanding of a
situation.
Active experimentation (doing): Ability to get things
done by influencing people and events through action.
Includes risk-taking.
Depending upon the situation or environment, the
learners may enter the learning cycle at any point and
will best learn the new task if they practice all four
modes.
6.
7.
Enjoys new experiences and challenges.
Thrives best in situations which involve
changing range of activities.
Enjoys being the center of attention
Benefits from the opportunity to develop
ideas through discussion and interaction with
others
Likely to learn most effectively through group
work, discussions, seminars, workshops, etc.
8.
Dislikes taking a passive role in learning and
does not enjoy tightly constrained tasks.
Prefers to work with others. Learns least
effectively from the lectures, labs, reading
writing on own
9.
Enjoy seeing how theory relates to practice.
Enjoys practical techniques relevant to
subject/Employment and practical problem
solving.
Prefers practical rather than theoretical and
likes clear guidelines to work to.
Learns most effectively through work based
projects, practical problem solving etc.
10.
Dislikes learning situations where material
too theoretically based and where the
practical application or relevance cannot be
seen.
Learns least effectively from theoretical
discussion, debate, etc.
11.
Likes the opportunity to think and mull over
applications
Prefers to take back seat in discussions.
Learns from listening, observing and working
independently
Learns most effectively through individual
project work, lectures and independent study
Dislikes being forced to contribute to
discussion without considering all evidence and
being rushed from one activity to another.
12.
Learns most effectively when dealing with
models and theories and likes a clear and
definite purpose for work.
Enjoys exploring connections between
ideas, issues and concepts.
Learns most effectively through problem
solving, discussion and questioning theory, or
reading and evaluating books.
Dislikes being involved in unstructured
situations with no obvious theoretical
framework
13.
Likely to be more comfortable with objective
facts
Learns least effectively from open-ended
questions, explorative project work, skills
training etc.
