2. Presentation Outline
Architecture Drivers and Trends
WiMAX Network Reference Architecture
WiMAX Profiles
Deployment Strategies
– Fixed /Mobile
– HSI and Enterprise Modles
– Voip
– Video Delivery
Beyond 4G
2 WIMAX Network Architecture
3. Customer and Industry Trend
Broadband like experiance Should enable rich end devices
Affordable & Easy to Use Should enable media-rich
content
Open internet model
Beyond 4G
3 WIMAX Network Architecture
4. Trends towards 4G Network Architecture
Flatter & all-IP
Reduced Latency
CAPEX Reduction
Simple to manage networks
Suitable for multimedia
Optimizations due to knowledge in one platform
XX
XX
R6
R6
XX
XX
XX
R6
R6
R8
R8
Current Wireless Hierarchical Model WiMAX or Evolving 4G Modles
Beyond 4G
4 WIMAX Network Architecture
7. WiMAX ASN
Customer Premises Equipment
– Mobile Subscriber (Handheld, PDA, PCMCIA)
– Residential Gateways
Base Station
– 802.16e compliant (Time Duplex Division,
– Adaptive Antenna System, Scalable
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)
WiMAX Access Controller or ASN-GW
– Security and Authentication
– Accounting : interfaces the AAA server
– Traffic Routing interfaces the Core
– Mobility : interfaces the HA during handover
process
Network management for BS and ASN-GW
– NE configuration, Software management,
– Network supervision, OSS interfaces
Beyond 4G
7 WIMAX Network Architecture
8. ASN Profiles
Profile Key Features
Hierarchical model, with more intelligence located at
the ASN Gateway.
The ASN Gateway is involved in the Radio Resource
A Management (RMM) and hosts the Radio Resource
Controller (RRC). It also handles handoffs between
BSUs.
Open interfaces: R1, R3, R4, R6.
Vendor-specific model with proprietary and closed R6
interface between BS and ASN-Gateway.
BSs playing a more substantial role in managing
B traffic and mobility while the ASN network acts as a
black box.
Open interfaces: R1, R3, R4.
Centralized model similar to A, but BSUs are
responsible for all the RRM, including the RRC and
C Radio Resource Agent (RRA), and the handoffs
between BSUs.
Open interfaces: R1, R3, R4, R6.
Beyond 4G
8
8 WIMAX Network Architecture
9. WiMAX CSN
Home Agent
– For the control of the mobility
Domain Name Server / DHCP
– Translation of domain name
into IP addresses
Charging OSS Systems
– IP addresses allocation AAA
and Billing
AAA Server
– For authentication,
authorization and accounting DNS-DHCP
Firewall/NAT
– Mapping of IP addresses from DHCP/DSN
one group to another ( private
/ public transparent to end- CSN
users.
OSS Systems
– Customer provisioning ,CRM
– Network monitoring and
troubleshooting
BSS systems
– Charging , billing formatting etc
Beyond 4G
9 WIMAX Network Architecture
10. ASN Gateway in 802.16e WiMAX
Networks
ASN Gateway required for all 802.16e networks
– Fixed, Nomadic, Portable, Mobile
Subscriber Management
– Facilitates Address Assignment (DCHP proxy, PMIP)
– Authentication (EAP-based authenticator)
– Service Flow Authorization and Creation
– Accounting (Prepaid, Postpaid)
Mobility
– MIP Foreign Agent
– Inter & Intra-ASN handovers
– Paging/Idle Mode
Network Optimization
– Load Balancing
– Seamless Handover support
Beyond 4G
10 WIMAX Network Architecture
11. Home Agent in 802.16e WiMAX
Networks
Home Agent is required for Mobile 802.16e Networks (macro
mobility)
Mobility
– Home Agent provides an anchor point for subscriber stations,
enabling inter-ASN mobility
– Works in conjunction with the Mobile IP Foreign Agent,
located in the ASN Gateway, to register and track subscriber
stations
– When a subscriber station moves to a different ASN, the
Home Agent intercepts traffic destined for the subscriber
station and tunnels that traffic to the appropriate ASN
Gateway/Foreign Agent
– Subscriber Stations can maintain same IP address as they
move about network
IP Addressing
– The Home Agent provides IP address assignment for
subscriber stations in conjunction with the Proxy Mobile IP
(PMIP) and DHCP proxy function in the ASN Gateway
Beyond 4G
11 WIMAX Network Architecture
12. AAA Server in 8016.e WiMAX
Networks
AAA Server required for all 802.16e Networks
Authentication
– Key Management and Subscriber Authentication using EAP-based
methods
Accounting
– Aggregation of accounting information, export CDRs to billing
servers
– Prepaid accounting & hotlining
Policy (NWG Release 1)
– QoS Profiles for Subscribers (NWG Release 1)
Addressing
– Home Agent address to use for Subscriber Stations
– Optionally directly provide IP address for Subscriber Stations or
DHCP server
Beyond 4G
12 WIMAX Network Architecture
13. WiMAX Releases
MobileWiMAX 1
WiMAX Release 1 WiMAX 2
Network R1.0 Features Network R1.5 Features Network R1.6 Features (to be Network Release 2
(Completed) completed by 1Q2 010) Features
(Completed) ● IPv6
● ASN anchored mobility, ● Persistent scheduling for ● Femtocell
(to be completed by
3ASN profiles reduced MAC OH 1Q2011)
● CSN anchored mobility ● ETS
● Seamless handover ● Reduced Latency
● (CMIP, PMIP) ● Load Balancing ● Multi-hop relays
● IPv4 & optional IPv6 ● Services ● Self-organizing capability
Connectivity ● GPS & non-GPS Location (SON)
● Idle mode and paging based services ● Services
● EAP-based authentication ● Enhanced Multicast & ● Enhanced VoIP support
● DSL, 3GPP and 3GPP2 Broadcast services ● Enhanced MBS (both static
Interworking ● WiMAX-WiFi-Bluetooth and dynamic multicasting)
● Services coexistence ● Enhancements to LBS
● Mobile, portable, nomadic, ● Ethernet services
fixed ● Mobility: up to 500 km/hr
● Public Safety & emergency
● Pre-provisioned/static QoS services
● Pre- and Post-paid RADIUS O & M Features
Accounting
● OTA pre-provisioning & device
● Roaming (RADIUS only) management
● O&M Features
● Network discovery/selection
Source: WiMAX Forum Beyond 4G
13
13 WIMAX Network Architecture
14. High Speed Internet Architecture
Radius
Beyond 4G
14 WIMAX Network Architecture
15. Voip Architecture
Radius
Requested for dynamic set-up
of WiMAX bearers (eg VoIP, Video with QoS)
Support SIP/RTSP-based services
PSTN/PLMN
PSTN/PLMN
Beyond 4G
15 WIMAX Network Architecture
16. Location Based Services
R8
U1
R8
8
R
LS: Location Server
LC: Location Controller
LA: Location Agent
Beyond 4G
16 WIMAX Network Architecture
17. MVNO/Wholesale Model
R8
R8
Wireless Core Considerations
R8
• Multiple AAA/HA support
• Statistics per ISP/NSP
• Policing Bandwidth by ISP/NSP
• Support for overlapping IP address spaces
• Simple IP & Mobile IP Support
• Proxy AAA support
Beyond 4G
17 WIMAX Network Architecture
18. Enterprise based Services in WiMAX
R R
USER CPE PE MPLS PE
CE USER
BS ASN - GW/
IP IP
ETH / ETH / ETH / ETH /
802.1d 802.1q 802.1q 802.1d
PHY PHY Eth-CS Eth-CS GRE GRE PHY PHY MPLS MPLS PHY PHY PHY
802.16 802.16 IP IP PHY PHY
ETH ETH
The L2 information including VLAN tag is passed through the network.
CEs on both side add/release VLAN tagPHYL2.
PHY
on
PE add/release MPLS label.
Beyond 4G
18 WIMAX Network Architecture
19. End to End QoS for Enterprise
customers
WiMAX allows efficient delivery of QoS for enterprise customers
Beyond 4G
19 WIMAX Network Architecture
20. WiMAX Applications Classes
Loss
Application Bandwidth Latency Jitter
(Packet Error Rate)
~5 sec (jitter Can tolerate
Video Streaming 0.1 - 10 Mbps Medium
buffer size) some loss
~5 sec (jitter Can tolerate
Audio Streaming 20-320 Kbps Medium
buffer size) some loss
Medium-Low
E-Mail No restriction Medium N/A
(uses TCP)
Gaming Low (50 kbps) Low < 25 msec N/A Low
Medium-Low
Web Browsing 10 kbps to 2 Mbps N/A N/A
(uses TCP)
Setup time <1 sec; Can tolerate
Push-to-Talk Low (~10kbps) Low (~20 ms)
Bearer ~200 ms some loss
-2
VoIP 32-64 kbps Low < 160 msec < 50 ms Low (10 )
Beyond 4G
20 WIMAX Network Architecture