This document discusses MySQL operators including: - Precedence of operators and type conversion - Arithmetic, bitwise, logical, and comparison operators - Mathematical, string, and date functions It provides examples of using various operators and functions to perform calculations on values, with applications including calculations on stored data, text search/editing, and electrical applications.

1. MYSQL OPERATORS

2. OverviewPrecedence of operators and type conversionArithmetic operatorsBitwise operatorsLogical operatorsComparison operatorsMathematical functionsString functionsDate functions

3. Precedence of operators 1.Interval 2.binary,collate 3.! 4.-(unary minus),~(unary bit inversion) 5.^ 6.*,/, div, %, mod 7.+,-

4. 8.<<, >> 9.& 10.| 11. =, <=>, >=, >, <=, <, <>, !=, IS, LIKE, REGEXP, IN 12.between,case,when,then,else 13.Not 14.&&,and 15.Xor 16.||, or 17. :=

5. Ex: Mysql>select 3-2%1; 3 Mysql>select 4+5-1/2*2; 8.0000 Mysql>select 23+13&&13; 1

6. ARITHMATIC OPERATORS

7. All arithmetic operations are calculated with BIGINT(64-bit) precision. Ex: Mysql>select 4+55; 59 Mysql>select 4-55; -51; Mysql>select -5; -5 (unary minus)

8. Mysql>select 122%45; 32 Mysql>select 100/0; NULL Mysql>select 10/3; 3.3333 Mysql>select 10 div 3; 3 (integer division)

9. BITWISE OPERATORS

10. All the operands should be numerals, but they are internally represented as binary. Left shift(<<) Mysql>select 4<<2; 16 Right shift(>>) Mysql>select 4>>2; 1

11. Bitwise OR(|) Mysql>select 23|12; 31 Bitwise AND(&) Mysql>select 23&12; 4 Bitwise XOR(^) Mysql>select 1^1; 0

12. Mysql>select 0^1; 1 Mysql>select 0^0; 0 Bitwise NOT Mysql>select 5&~1; 4 Mysql>select 6&~6; 0

13. LOGICAL OPERATORS

14. Ex: Mysql>create table employee( Ssn INT NOT NULL, Salary INT, Name VARCHAR(20), Department VARCHAR(20), Primary key(ssn)); Mysql>insert into employee Values(100,10000,’sneha’,’finance’);

15. Mysql>insert into employee Values(200,20000,’shalini’,’hr’); Mysql>insert into employee Values(300,30000,’john’,’finance’); Mysql>insert into employee Values(400,40000,’jack’,’hr’);

16. Mysql>select * from employee;

17. Logical AND Mysql>select ssn, name from employee where salary>10000 && salary<40000; 

18. Logical OR mysql>select name, salary, ssn from employee where Name like ‘%s’ || department like ‘%f’; 

19. Logical NOT mysql>select name, department from employee where ssn!=100; 

20. Comparison operatorsThese operators return 1 if true else 0 if the condition is false

21. Returns 1 if the condition is TRUE and returns 0 if the condition is FALSE Mysql>select 2.34<=2.34; 1 Mysql>select 2.34<=1.24; 0 Mysql>select 4.2>=4; 1

22. Mysql>select 10!=10; o Mysql>select 5!=10; 1 Mysql> select 3 between 1 and 4; 1 Mysql>select greatest(10,20,99); 99

23. MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS

26. Mysql>select cos(89); 0.510177044941669 Mysql>select atan(90); 1.55968567289729 Mysql>select floor(1.34); 1 Mysql>select ceil(1.34); 2 Mysql>select format(234567.34356,3) 234,567.344

27. Mysql>select pi(); 3.141593 Mysql>select radians(90); 1.5707963267949 Mysql>select degrees(1.57); 89.9543738355392 Mysql>select truncate(4.34,1); 4.3 Mysql>select truncate(23.22,-1); 20

28. STRING FUNTIONS

29. Mysql>select concat(“winners”, ”attitude”); winnersattitude Mysql>select concat_ws(‘$’,’pope’,’ john’, ’paul’); pope$john$paul (concats the strings by placing the separator in between the strings) Mysql>select char_length(‘mysql’); 5

30. Mysql>select lcase(‘OPERATORS’); operators Mysql>select length(‘personalexcellence’); 18 Mysql>select locate(‘point’, ’powerpoint’); 6 (returns the position of the substring in the mainstring)

31. Mysql>select repeat(‘win’,3); winwinwin Mysql>select replace(‘myindia’, ’my’, ’our’); ourindia Mysql>select reverse(‘apple’); elppa

32. Mysql>select substring(‘mysql’,3); sql (returns the substring at the given position from the main string) Mysql>select format(233444.564678,3); 233,444.565 (formats the given string and rounds to the given digits after the decimal point)

33. DATE FUNCTIONS

34. Ex: Mysql>select curdate(); 2009-12-29 Mysql>select curtime(); 13:04:21 Mysql>select now(); 2009-12-29 13:05:12

35. Mysql>select monthname(‘2009-10-09’); october Mysql>select month(‘2009-10-09’); 10 (returns the month in numeric format) Mysql>select minute(‘13:05:12’); 5 Mysql>select hour(‘13:05:12’); 13

36. Mysql>select dayname(‘2010-01-01’); Friday Mysql>select dayofmonth(‘2010-01-01’); 1 (returns the day in the range 1 to 31) Mysql>select dayofweek(‘2010-21-01’): 5 (returns the day in the range 1 to 7)

37. Mysql>select datediff(‘2009-1-1’,’2009-10-10’); 83 (returns the difference between the dates in days) Mysql>select date_add(‘2009-12-29’,interval 3 day); 2010-01-01 (returns the new date formed after adding the number of days mentioned in the interval)

38. SOME OF THE APPLICATIONS OF MYSQL OPERATORS;1.operators and functions are used for performing calculations on stored values.2.High performance text search, field search and text editing applications.3.NAND,NOR AND XOR operators are are used in electrical applications.

39. Visit more self help tutorials Pick a tutorial of your choice and browse through it at your own pace. The tutorials section is free, self-guiding and will not involve any additional support. Visit us at www.dataminingtools.net