2. WHAT IS SMALLPOX?
Smallpox is an acute, contagious disease caused
by the variola virus, genus Orthopoxvirus, in the
Poxviridae family ubfamily chordopoxvirinae.
The name is derived from the Latin word for
"spotted“ refers to the raised bumps on the face
and body of the patient.
Smallpox localized in small blood vessels of the
skin and in the mouth and throat.
3. The term "smallpox" used in Britain in the 15th
century to distinguish variola from the "great
pox" (syphilis).
The last naturally occurring case of smallpox
(Variola minor) was diagnosed on 26 October
1977.
Genus Orthopoxvirus, the family Poxviridae and
subfamily chordopoxvirinae.
4. TYPE OF VIRUS AGENT?
Variola Minor :
- Not lethal but a mild strain.
- Milder form of the disease that has death
rate -1%
Virola Mijor :
- Lethal strain.
- Produce more severe symptomps
- Fatality rate of 20% - 40%, with 7 days
infection.
5. TRANSMISSION OF SMALLPOX
Spread through human-to-human interaction.
Transmitted in air droplet when infected person
cough.
Ventilation system in building.
Contaminated clothing or bedding source of
encountering the virion.
6. CONT….
Host Range ;
- Human and Monkey also acceptable.
Infectious Dose ;
- Infect at very low dose ( 10-100 organism)
Incubation Period ;
- Can range 7-19 days.
- Illness occur after 10-14 days.
- 2-4 more days for onset of rash to occur
7. SIGN AND SYMPTOM OF SMALL POX
No symptom between 7 and 17 days.
High
Fever
Chill
s
Malaise
Headache
Severe
8. LAB DIAGNOSIS SMALL POX
Laboratory diagnosis of smallpox can be made
by;
Identify variola virus antigen and antivariola
immunoglobulins
- identify a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal
antibodies for detection and diagnosis of variola
virus.
Culture of
Vesicular
Culture
pustular
Fluid
Cultuire of
the scab
9. PREVENTION
The smallpox vaccine is a Live Vaccine
Individual immunity for 3-5 years.
Protection 95% vaccinated individual
Side Effect;
- Sore arm
- Fever
- General body aches
10. LATEST RESEARCH
Scientists from the National Institutes of Health
(NIH), the Food and Drug Administration, the
Department of Defense (DOD);
- Vaccine
- Antiviral Drugs
- Diagnosis Tests
- Genetic Diversity of Variolia Virus
- Animal Modal for Smallpox
