6. a) What is an atomic orbital? (4pts) b) How are their energy, shape, and volume defined?(4pts) Solution a) Atomic orbitals are regions or spaces in the atom where the probability of finding the electrons is maximum. The electrons in the atom revolve around the nucleus in a definite path known as orbits and these orbitals are present in these orbits. b) Atomic orbitals energy, shape and volume is given by quantum mechanics and much detailed study of wave functions. there are four types of orbitals s,p,d,f which are spherical, dumbbell, double dumbbell and diffused in shape according to x-ray diffraction method. each orbital can accommodate 2 electrons The energy of orbitals depends on how close the orbitals are to the nucleus, orbitals which are close to the nucleus are of low energy and as the orbits are moving farther away from the nucleus, their energy increases and thus their orbitals energy also. The 3-D space occupied by the orbital is referred as volume, or space which is occupied by the orbital is considered as volume, which solely depends on the shape of the orbital. .

1. 6. a) What is an atomic orbital? (4pts) b) How are their energy, shape, and volume defined?(4pts)
Solution
a) Atomic orbitals are regions or spaces in the atom where the probability of finding the electrons
is maximum. The electrons in the atom revolve around the nucleus in a definite path known as
orbits and these orbitals are present in these orbits.
b) Atomic orbitals energy, shape and volume is given by quantum mechanics and much detailed
study of wave functions. there are four types of orbitals s,p,d,f which are spherical, dumbbell,
double dumbbell and diffused in shape according to x-ray diffraction method. each orbital can
accommodate 2 electrons
The energy of orbitals depends on how close the orbitals are to the nucleus, orbitals which are
close to the nucleus are of low energy and as the orbits are moving farther away from the
nucleus, their energy increases and thus their orbitals energy also.
The 3-D space occupied by the orbital is referred as volume, or space which is occupied by the
orbital is considered as volume, which solely depends on the shape of the orbital.