This document contains explanations and examples related to electricity and circuits. It is divided into four sections: 1) "Being Ec'static" discusses static electricity concepts like insulators generating charge through friction and induction causing positive or negative charges. 2) "Staying Current" covers voltage, current, power, and includes an example calculating current given voltage and resistance. 3) "Circuit Training" compares series and parallel circuits and contains examples involving switches, bulbs, and short circuits. 4) "By the Numbers" provides practice calculating values like voltage, resistance, power, and current through example circuit problems.

1. Electricity
Being
Ec”Static”
Staying
Current
Circuit
Training
By the
numbers
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4

2. BEING EC’STATIC’ 1
• What is better at generating a static charge via
the friction method? A conductor or an
insulator? Why?

3. BEING EC’STATIC’ 1
• An insulator: Insulators don’t let the charge
flow off the object during the rubbing that
occurs with the friction method. You want the
electrons to build up and stay put…not to flow
off the surface.

4. BEING EC’STATIC’ 2
• If the leaves in an electroscope are repelling
each other state what you know about the
charge of each leaf.
• Would you be able to state the sign of their
charge? (positive or negative)

5. BEING EC’STATIC’ 2
• They have same charge, but you can’t tell if
that charge is either positive or negative

6. BEING EC’STATIC’3
It is believed negative charge builds up in the base of a
cloud and that leads to the ground having a positive charge.
What method of charging is causing the ground to have
this charge?
How does it
create the positive
charge?

7. BEING EC’STATIC’ 3
• Induction….the electric field of the cloud
pushes electrons on the ground away; thereby
inducing a positive charge on the ground

8. BEING EC’STATIC’ 4
• If electrons transfer from a charged object to a
neutral one, the process of charging called
____________ has occurred and the act of the
electrons making that jump is known as
electric___________.

9. BEING EC’STATIC’ 4
• Conduction, discharge

10. Staying Current 1
• Pick the items that create voltage:
a light bulb
a battery
a wire
a photocell
an electric motor
a switch

11. Staying Current 1
a light bulb
a battery
a wire
a photocell
an electric motor
a switch

12. Staying Current 2
The term “potential difference” refers to the
circuit’s _______________

13. Staying Current 2
• voltage

14. Staying Current 3
Measuring the rate of the electricity’s ability to
do work is when you measure ____________
and the units are ________________
Whereas, electrical energy is measured in
___________

15. Staying Current 3
• Power, watts, joules (or kilowatt-hours)

16. Staying Current 4
• A 9 volt battery is connected to an open circuit
that has a total resistance of 8 ohms. How
much current is flowing in it? (give answer in
proper units of measure)

17. Staying Current 4
• Zero amps. (open circuit!)

18. Circuit Training 1
Which circuit would have higher
resistance? Why?

19. Circuit Training 1
• The series circuit on the left has higher
resistance. Parallel circuits have more
branches which allows electrons to flow freer
in more “lanes”; yielding lower resistance

20. Circuit Training 2
• Placing a switch between points 3 and 4 in the
circuit will cause what to occur when the
switch is opened?
• (R1, R2, R3 are light
Bulbs)
• R2D2 is a droid

21. Circuit Training 2
• The “R3” to turn off.

22. Circuit Training 3
1) Will this bulb light?
2) Is this a regular circuit
or a short circuit?

23. Circuit Training 3
• 1) no
• 2) it’s a short circuit

24. Circuit Training 4
• List the four properties of the circuit
parts that affect resistance in a
circuit

25. Circuit Training 4
• Thickness of parts, length of circuit,
temperature of parts, materials used in circuit

26. By the Numbers 1
• If a circuit has 20 ohms of resistance and is
running with 20 amps of current, what is the
voltage?

27. By the Numbers 1
• V= IR
• V= 20 amps * 20 ohms= 400 volts

28. By the Numbers 2
• If the circuit of an appliance is closed for 60
seconds and is using 600 J of energy, what
power is used by the appliance?

29. By the Numbers 2
• E= PT
• So E/T=P
600 J/ 60 s= 10 Watts

30. By the Numbers 3
• A circuit has 10 Ω resistance under normal
conditions.
• A short circuit occurs and the circuit’s current
jumps to 10 amps. It was at 1 amp before the
short circuit.
• It’s voltage is set at 10 V.
• What is the resistance of the short circuit?

31. By the Numbers 3
• R=V/I
• 10 V/ 10A= 1 Ω

32. By the Numbers 4
Calculate the current of this circuit

33. By the Numbers 4
•
•
•
•
Total resistance = 18 ohms
Voltage= 9 V
V/R= I
So, answer is 9 V/ 18 ohms= .5A