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The Congress

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Christopher Rice
Christopher Rice

PowerPoint for Congress lectures for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Spring 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Instructor.

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The Congress Dr. Christopher S. Rice
Many scholars argue that the framers of the Constitution intended Congress to be the most powerful of the three branches of American government. Do you believe that the Congress is the most powerful branch of government today? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The First Congress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The First Congress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The First Congress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The First Congress ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congress increases in size ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congress increases in size ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congress increases in size ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Increase in volume of Congressional Business ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Increase in volume of Congressional Business ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Increase in volume of Congressional Business ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congress has become more institutionalized & professionalized ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congress has become more institutionalized & professionalized ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congress has become more institutionalized & professionalized ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congress has become more institutionalized & professionalized ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
There are fewer women and minorities in the Congress than in the U.S. population in general. Do you believe that this is a problem in terms of the Congress’s ability to represent the U.S. population? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is Congress, Anyway? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is Congress, Anyway? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is Congress, Anyway? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is Congress, Anyway? ,[object Object]
The numbers in the 109th Congress: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The numbers in the 109th Congress: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The numbers in the 109th Congress: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The numbers in the 109th Congress: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SENATE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 
 
Who is Congress, Anyway? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is Congress, Anyway? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Who is Congress, Anyway? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Electoral Districts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Electoral Districts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Electoral Districts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Electoral Districts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Which comes closer to your view about redistricting? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The proportional process of allotting congressional seats to each state is called ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],0
Electoral Districts: The House of Representatives
Reapportionment The number of seats in the House of Representatives allotted to a state changes every 10 years based on changes in population determined by the Census.
The Power and Influence of State Legislatures
Sushicircus © 2006 http://www.flickr.com/photos/sushicircus/292399888/
Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) Supreme Court ruled principle of “one person, one vote” applied to congressional districts.
RESULT: congressional districts all now approximately the same size.
The Problem of “Mid-Decade” Redistricting
Gerrymandering When district boundary lines are drawn to ensure the election of a particular party, group or person.
 
Racial gerrymandering & “Majority Minority” districts
Should nonpartisan commissions take charge of redistricting? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Incumbency
Today’s U.S. Congress is considered the world’s foremost example of a “professional legislature.”
 
 
 
How do you feel about your own member of Congress? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
R-E-S-P-E-C-T
Fenno’s Paradox Citizens invariably rate their members of Congress far more favorably than they rate the Congress as a whole.
Advantages of Incumbency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
+
Advantages of Incumbency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Advantages of Incumbency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The problem of “Safe Incumbency” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The problem of “Safe Incumbency” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The problem of “Safe Incumbency” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The problem of “Safe Incumbency” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
The problem of “Safe Incumbency” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Do you believe that it is best when Congress is controlled by the same party that controls the White House (unified government), or controlled by the party that does not control the White House (divided government)? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congressional Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Congressional Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
House Leadership
Speaker of the House ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Speaker of the House ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Speaker of the House ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Speaker of the House ,[object Object],[object Object]
Speaker of the House ,[object Object],[object Object]
Majority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Majority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Majority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Majority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Majority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Majority Leader ,[object Object]
Minority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Minority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Minority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Minority Leader ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Whips (Majority & Minority) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How do you feel about Congress in general? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Whips (Majority & Minority) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Whips (Majority & Minority) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Whips (Majority & Minority) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Whips (Majority & Minority) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Whips (Majority & Minority) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Whips (Majority & Minority) ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Senator chosen by his or her colleagues to preside over the Senate when the Vice President is not available is called the: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senate Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Chairs
What do committee chairs do? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What do committee chairs do? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What do committee chairs do? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What do committee chairs do? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What do committee chairs do? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Chairs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Chairs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Chairs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Chairs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Chairs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee members have a powerful influence on legislation, because: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Do you approve of Congress’ recent move to call upon the President to not escalate the war in Iraq? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Committee System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How a Bill Becomes a Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Legislation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Legislation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Legislation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Legislation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Tax bills MUST originate in the: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Introducing a bill ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Committee Action ,[object Object]
When a member of the Senate chooses to speak for hours or days at a time for the purpose of delaying action on an unfavorable bill, or to gain favor for his or her bill, it is known as a: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When bills are considered for debate (in the House) and no amendments are permitted, it is being considered under what rule? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object]
Floor Action ,[object Object],[object Object]
Committees made of members of the House and Senate whose purpose it is to reconcile differences in versions of a bill passed in each chamber are known as: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conference Committee ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conference Committee ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conference Committee ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Action ,[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Action ,[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Presidential Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Signing Statements
 
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object]

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The Congress

  • 1. The Congress Dr. Christopher S. Rice
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  • 38. Electoral Districts: The House of Representatives
  • 39. Reapportionment The number of seats in the House of Representatives allotted to a state changes every 10 years based on changes in population determined by the Census.
  • 40. The Power and Influence of State Legislatures
  • 41. Sushicircus © 2006 http://www.flickr.com/photos/sushicircus/292399888/
  • 42. Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) Supreme Court ruled principle of “one person, one vote” applied to congressional districts.
  • 43. RESULT: congressional districts all now approximately the same size.
  • 44. The Problem of “Mid-Decade” Redistricting
  • 45. Gerrymandering When district boundary lines are drawn to ensure the election of a particular party, group or person.
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  • 47. Racial gerrymandering & “Majority Minority” districts
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  • 50. Today’s U.S. Congress is considered the world’s foremost example of a “professional legislature.”
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  • 56. Fenno’s Paradox Citizens invariably rate their members of Congress far more favorably than they rate the Congress as a whole.
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