1.
Group two assignment
Armamentarium in
prosthodontic BDT,L4.DEDDY
Chris.

2.
prosthodontic armamentaria
Many material are unique to prosthodontics procedures .the improper uses of any
of these materials could causes a delay in the treatment and an inconvenience to
the patient .you should be familiar with the uses , handling , reaction time , and
storing procedures for these materials. This knowledge is necessary for your
performance as a prosthodontics assistant
Prosthodontic armamentaria contain :
Examination tray
Dental alloy material
Impression material
Synthetic rubber material
Gypsum product and equipment

3.
 Dental waxes
 Acrylic resins
Other material include:
Alcohol
Mouth guard material
Separating media
Tray adhesive
Treatment liners

4.
 Alcohol torch
 Articulator
 Bench lather
 Bunsen burner
 Cast trimmer
 Face bow
 Impression tray
 Mixing bowl

5.
 Pneumatic curing unit
 Vacuum adapter
 Vibrator
 Crown removal
 Roach carver
 Prosthodontic knife
 Prosthodontics spatulas

6.
Examination equipment:
Dental Mirror:-
• Used for indirect vision.
• To hold retract your tongue, lips or cheeks.
• From the back portion of the mirror we check the tooth is
realy fractured or not.
• We wil strike the back portion of the mirror to the patient’s
tooth if patient wil blink his/her eye it means tht it is painful
and it is fractured.

7.
Tweezer:-
•To hold cotton roll.
• To hold different material.
• To transfer any material in and out of cavity.
Probe:- (Explorer)
• It is sickle shaped.
• Used to detect the tooth decay.
• To check bifurcation & furcation. Furcation
mean branches.
• To check the carious region.
If we apply probe on tooth and if it move smoothly
on surface so it means there is no carious region,
there is only stain so we wil not cavity prep and
filling.

8.
Dental alloys
 Noble metal alloy and base metal alloys are frequently used in
prosthodontics to fabricate crowns and fixed partial dentures
 Noble metal resist oxidation and corrosion , the four noble metal used in
dentistry are silver , platinum , palladium and gold .
 Base metal alloys
 Since bases metal alloys do not contain noble metal , they are much stiffer
and harder . Thus , they are useful for constructing removable partial
denture and certain types of fixed partial dentures

9.
PERIODONTAL PROBE
 A periodontal probe is an instrument in dentistry commonly used in the dental
armamentarium.
 It is usually long, thin, and blunted at the end. The primary purpose of a
periodontal probe is to measure pocket depths around a tooth in order to
establish the state of health of the periodontium.
 GAUZES that features the highest quality 100% cotton. The higher thread
count allows for super absorbency and a softer touch.

10.
Impression materials
1. Alginate either type 1 : fast setting ( 1 to 2 minutes ) and type 2 : normal
setting alginates (2 to 4.5 minutes ).
2.Impression tray : it hold the impression material in place while it sets.
They are classified either as customer made tray or stock tray.
3.Mixing bowl : this is made either in rubber or flexible plastic , and used to mix
alginate impression material and dental stone .
4. Mixing spatulas: it is used to mix and blend the powdered alginate or dental
stone and water together .
5. Water as medium of reaction
6. rope-style utility wax

11.
MIXING BOWL, SPATULA,TRAY ,ALGINATE

12.
Casting equipment
 Gypsum product : they are supplied in powder form . When mixed with water
, a paste form that will eventually harden , usually dental plaster and dental
stone are used
 Armamentaria:
1. Dental plaster or dental stone : used to make cast, construct matrices, and
attach mount cast to an articulator
Initial setting for most dental plaster is 7 to 13 minutes and final set completed
in 45 minutes
Dental stone : compared to plaster it require less water in mixing and set more
slowly , when it set , it is harder , denser and a higher crushing strength and
this make stone the choice to use over dental plaster , setting completed in 45 to
1 hour.

13.
Cont.,,
2. mixing bowl
3. mixing spatula
4. vibrator : it is used to move dental plaster or dental stone mixes when pouring
a cast .also increases the density of mix by eliminating air bubbles .
5.Rubber Plastic cover: used to protect and maintain vibrator.
6.Taken impression

14.
Material for making prosthesis
appliances
 1. dental waxes : are important in constructing of dental prosthetic
appliances
A. Base plate waxes used to create a space over the cast before custom tray can
be made
B. Bite registration waxes : metal impregnated waxes in sheet form which are
used to record occlusal relationship between the patient’ s opposing arches and
to later transfer this relationship to the cast for articulation
B. Indicator wax: used to register occlusal contacts on natural teeth , individual
restoration , complete denture ,fixed partial dentures and removable one .

15.
Cont.,,
C. Sticky wax : useful for holding the part of a broken denture together so that it
can be repaired.
D. Utility wax: used in curbing impressions before boxing and pouring .
It can also be used on impression tray to avoid the flow of impression material to
the back of throat and to avoid injury to the soft tissues .
2. Acrylic resin
a. Methyl methacrylate:
most widely used synthetic resin in making and repairing prosthetic appliances.

16.
Cont.,,
b. Clear acrylic
Clear heated cured resin and is used to construct night guards and surgical
templates .
c. Crown and bridge resin
Are used in fixed prosthodontics to make temporary and permanent restorations.
Also used as an interim restoration and together with pressure formed matrix to
sculpt the contour of interim crown or bridge.
d. Orthodontic resin: used to fabricate night guards and orthodontic retainers

17.
Cont.,,
e. Repair resin: used to fabricate interim removable partial dentures , and repair
any acrylic prosthesis .
f. Tray acrylic
Used to make customized impression tray
Other prosthodontic material
a.Mouth guard material :
Are made from polyvinyl materials. This thermoplastic resin is molded over a cast
by by means of a vacuum forming machine . These use of mouth protector in
sports to reduces injuries to oral tissues

18.
Cont.,,
b. Alcohol: isopropyl, methanol and denatured ethanol are examples of fuels
used in alcohol torch for softening plastic or melting waxes , denatured ethanol
is preferred since it is safer to use and burns cleaners.
c. Separating media
Prevent one material from bonding to another material .the medium coats the
cast and seals off the pores so acrylic resin can now be fabricated on dental
cast and moved
d. Tray adhesive : custom impression trays are coated with this adhesives before
they are filled with rubber impression material. This ensures that the impression
stay in tray when it is removed from the mouth

19.
Cont.,,
e. Treatment liners
Treatment liners , also known as tissues conditioners , allow oral tissues to
recover , improving tone and health , before making a new dentures or reeling
an existing one.
Dentist changes the tissues conditioners at 3 to 4 days interval since liners stiffer
rapidly .

20.
Basic prosthodontic equipment cont.,,
 Alcohol torch
 The alcohol torch is used for smoothing wax surfaces , setting teeth , and
waxing . It is also used with variety of tasks that requires an accurate ,
controlled pointed flame , it draw fuels through a wick from a reservoir near
the top of the torch.
 Before using alcohol torch , you should check the fuel level .
 Do not leave the torch unattended when lit, extinguish the torch when not in
use by covering the wick with the nozzle holder assembly

21.
Cont.,,
 Articulator
Is used to reproduce the patient’ s jaw movement . The dental cast made from
impression are mounted on to articulator . Allowing to recreate the normal
movement of the patient ‘s jaw during the fabrication of prosthesis
Bench lathe
Is used during grinding , finishing and polishing procedures .
Lathe is used with burs, stone , arbor bands and and ragwheels.

22.
1.Bench lathe and 2.articulator

23.
Cont.,,
 Bunsen burner
The Bunsen burner heat wax-carving instruments, waxes and modeling compound
. It requires a balanced air and gas mixture to produce a clean blue flame . It is
attached to a gas valves with a non –collapsible hose
When waxes or similar material drops into the burner , the burner assembly
detaches easily for boiling out and cleaning.

24.
Cont.,,
 Cast trimmer
Is used to trim and contour casts. A cast should present a neat , attractive
appearances . This electrically operated machine has a 10 inches abrasive wheel
, a small work table , and a water dispensing mechanisms to keep the abrasive
wheel rinsed clean and clog free.
Face bow
The face bow is mechanical device used to duplicate the position of the maxilla
to an articulator . The face bow rests on the patient’s face and a waxes bite
plate is inserted into the oral cavity to record the the patient’ s bite .

25.
1. Bunsen burner 2. cast trimmer 3. face
bow

26.
Cont.,,,
 Pneumatic curing unit
is commonly called a pressure pot . It is used during the polymerization of self-
curing acrylic resins. It is used to cure resin and repair of complete and
removable partial dentures .the unit has a compressed air inlet that allow air
pressure to fill the pot. curing of the resin under pressure significantly reduces
the possibility of pores or voids with resins.
curing time may vary depending on the thickness of the resin being cured . After
curing uses the air relief valves to let the air escape. ensure that no air pressure
remains in the pot when retrieving the cured prosthesis from the pot.

27.
Cont.,,
 Vacuum adapter
Is used for the rapid fabrication of customer trays , stents , mouth guards. This
unit is also referred to as the vacuum former .the vacuum former will soften a
sheet of plastic or acrylic resin and then draw it onto the cast with suction .

28.
Cont.,,,
 Crown removal
Used to remove crown from tooth, when crown remover is used properly , the tip
is placed over the margin or junction of the crown and tooth first .then the
sliding weight on the handle is tapped against the bottom part of the handle.

29.
1. Curing unit 2. vacuum adapter 3.
crown removal

30.
Cont.,
 Roach carver
Roach carver is a double ended instrument used to cut , smooth , and carve
dental waxes . At first glance, it appears to look like a wax spatula . A closer look
reveals a spear shaped blade at one end , with a deep- welled , very small spoon
at the other end . Both ends have very sharp edges . The deep-welled end may
also be used to carry melted wax.

31.
Cont.,
 Prosthodontics knives
usually two types of knives are used in the prosthodontic treatment room : the
compound knife and plaster knife . As the names imply , one is used with
compound , and the other with plaster.
Compound knives
The compound knife has a fairly large, red plastic handle and detachable blade.
Routinely the #25 blade is used to trim impression compound , wax, and other
material that requires an extremely sharp cutting edge .

32.
Cont.,
 Plaster knife
 The plaster knife is heavy-duty knife used to trim and chisel gypsum product
and impression compound . It has a large flat blade at one end with a wide
projection shaped like a screwdriver at the other end . The handle is made of
wood and is riveted in place

33.
cont,.,
 Prosthodontic spatulas
 Spatulas are used in prosthodontics for handling dental waxes and mixing
impression material.
 The wax used are #7 and # 31 , both are used to hold small bit of wax over a
Bunsen burner flame that deliver liquid wax
 Diagram of Wax spatula #7 , # 31 respectively

34.
SPECIAL TRAY IN FIXED PROSTHODONTIC
 ARMEMENTARIUM FOR INTEROCCLUSAL RECORD
 After maxillary cast has been accurately affixed to the articulator by using face bow , the
mandibular cast must be oriented to the maxillary cast with equal exactitude to be able to diagnose
the patient ‘s occlusion . Centric relation relation are used to replicate , on the articulator , the
relationship between maxillary and mandibular arches that exist when condyle are in their most
anterior position in the glenoid fossae.
 Armamentaria
 Cotton rolls
 Pink baseplate wax
 Green stick compound
 Hollenback carver
 Scissors
 Aluwax
 Bite registration paste
 Cement spatula
 Disposable mixing pad
 Laboratory knife with no.25 blade
 28-gauge green wax
 No.10 red – inked silk ribbon

35.
Full metal crown preparation
 When all of the axial surfaces of a posterior tooth have been attacked by
caries, or when those surfaces have been previously restored , the tooth is a
candidates for a full metal crown . By tying together the remaining tooth
structure , a full metal crown can strengthen and support the tooth.
 Armamentarium
 Hand piece
 No.171l bur
 Round-end tapered diamond bur
 Short needle dimond
 Torpedo diamond and bur
 Red utility wax

36.
Posterior ceramic crown
 The uses of metal ceramic crown on posterior teeth allows the creation of an esthetic
restoration on posterior tooth needing a full crown in the appearance zone. maxillary
premolar , maxillary first molar , and mandibular first premolar are always on the
appearance zone .
 Armamentaria
 Laboratory knife with no 25blade
 Silicone putty and accelerator
 Hand pieces
 Flat ended tapered diamond
 Short needle diamond
 Taped bur
 Fissured bur
 RS-1 BINANGLE CHISEL

37.
TEMPLATE FABRICATED PROVISIONAL
FIXED PARTIAL DENTURE
 When a fixed partial denture is to be made for a patient , the provisional restoration should also be
in the form of a fixed partial denture rather than individual crowns. In the anterior region it will
provide a better cosmetic cosmetic result.
 Armamentaria
 Diagnostic cast
 Mor-tight
 No.7 wax spatula
 Denture tooth
 Crown form
 Vacuum forming machine
 Heavy rubber band
 Straight hand piece
 Acrylic bur
 Abrasive disk and mandrel

38.
 Coping material or temporary splint material
 Impression tray
 Silly putty
 Wire frame
 Bunsen burner
 Scissor
 Laboratory knives
 Heavy –duty laboratory knife
 Large camel-hair brush
 Cement spatula
 Dappen dish
 Separating medium
 Monomer and polymer

39.
reference
 O’Brien.W.J, removable and fixed prosthodontics , 3rd edition, Quintessence
publications.
 Craig.R.G, restorative dental material, 12th edition, Elsevier publications.
 Anusavice, Phillip’s Science of Dental Materials, 11th edition, Saunders
publications. Impression materials.