This is my powerpoint in my report in Developmetal reading 1

1. READING TRADITIONAL TALES
AND KNOWING THEIR
PATTERNS & VARIANTS
Prepared By: Francisco L. Gatchalian III

2. Folktales
 Different scholars classify folktales way. According to
Stancy Carney, the tales are derived into (Torres, 2003).
Cumulative Tales Talking Beast Tales Drolls and humurous
FOLKTALE
Realistic Tales Religious Tales
S
Romances Tales Tales of magic Pourqoui Tales

3. Cumulative Tales
 Cumulative Tales:
these have little plot
and lots of rhythm.
Events follow a logical
order in a pattern of
repetition.
Repetitive Tales - those
stories that have "add-ons".
Chain Tales - those
stories that have pattern
that units the whole
story

4. Talking Beast Tales
 Talking Beast Tales:
animals behave as
human. An example
is the story of Three
Little Pigs.

5. Drolls and Humorous
 Drolls and Humorous:
are fun and nonsense
stories. The main
character makes silly
mistakes. The
characters are poor or
the lower classes of
society.

6. Realistic tales
 Realistic Tales: the
characters, plot and
setting can be
possible in real
world.

7. Religious Tales
 Religious Tales:
these are usually
didactic but can be
humorous.

8. Romances
 Romances: lovers are
separated and
through magic and
impossible tasks are
again reunited.

9. Tales of Magic
 Tales of Magic: a.k.a
fairy tales. Magic is
involved. The
characters come
from the upper
classes of society.

10. Pourqoui Tales
 Pourqoui Tales: are
the "why" stories.
They try to explain
animal traits as well
as human behavior.

11. Tall Tales and Folktales
 Tall tales do appear in other countries,
but it is in the US that unforgettable
heroes have appeared in these types
of stories.
 American tales have humor, courage
and the spirit that pioneers must have
to be able to survive the hostile
enviroment.

12. GFT: The Symbolism
From the picture given, the students will recognize in what folktales did they
remember that symbolism or photo.

18. Characteristics of Folktales
Folktales have some common basic
characteristics (Torres, 2003). They are the
following:

19. Structure of plot
 Structure of Plot. The characters are
presented in the beginning, the setting is
quickly established, the story contain conflict,
climax, falling action and conclusion.

20. characterization
 Characterization. The characters are flat or
presented as one-dimensional (i.e. completely
good or bad).

21. STYles
 Style: folktales of different cultures have their
own unique way of presenting their stories.
Example:
"Once upon a time..."
"There was a time...“

22. theme
 Theme: The most common contemporary
understanding of theme is an idea or point that
is central to a story, which can often be
summed in a single word (e.g. love, death,
betrayal) (wikipedia.org).
 The importance of love, courage, friendship is
many times presented in folktales.

23. MOTifs
 Motifs: are basically the patterns seen in
folktalessuch as:
> The characters seen in folktales: wicked
stepmothers, abused children, tricksters and
the younger brother.
> The supernatural beings:fairies, witches,
giants
> The magical objects: tablecloth that give
food, mirror that speaks.
> Enchantments: prince turned into a frog,
lonh sleep over 100 years

24.  Fable - a short story
that usually is about
animals and that is
intended to teach a
lesson (Merriam
Webster Dictionary).
 Aesop - considered
as father of fables.

25. Characteristics of fables
• Stories are short.
• The stories have a lesson.
• Animals and natural elements can speak as
humans.
• Characters represent human characteristics
or behavior.
• Few characters appear in these stories.
• Plots usally present a single event.

26. MYTHs
 Myths: a traditional story about superheroes or
supernatural being, often explaining the origins
of natural phenomena or aspect of human
behavior.
MYTH
Creation Myths Nature Myths Hero Myths

28. Creation Myth
 Creation Myths: These stories explain how the
world and human was created.

29. Nature myths
 Nature Myths: These are the stories that try to
explain why season changes.

30. Hero myths
 Hero Myths: In these stories the hero must
accomplish some tasks.

31. Legends & epics
LEGENDS EPICS
 is a mixture of reality
and fiction. Basically,
legends start of from
a real incident that
through time
transformed by
imaginary events
added by the narrator
of the story.
 Epics: a long
narrative on a cycle
of stories clustering
around the actions of
a single hero.

32. EPICS in the philippines
 LUZON
the Hudhud of the Ifugao
the pre-Hispanic epic poem Biag ni Lam-ang
the Ullalim epic songs of the Kalinga
the Ibalon epic from Bicol
 WESTERN VISAYAS
the Hinilawod – the longest and oldest epic of the Hiligaynon
people
 MINDANAO
the Darangan of the Maranao (recognized by UNESCO as a
Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity)