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Journalism and Politics
Prof Charlie Beckett
GV311
Feb 2016
Media for democracy
• “…the information revolution makes possible for
the first time in history something we have only
dreamt about: A global society where people
anywhere and everywhere can discover their
shared values, communicate with each other and
do not need to meet or live next door to each
other to join together with people in other
countries in a single moral universe to bring
about change….”
• Gordon Brown 2008
Media against democracy
“It used to be thought – and I include myself in
this – that help was on the horizon. New
forms of communication would provide new
outlets to by-pass the increasingly shrill tenor
of traditional media. In fact, the new forms
can be even more pernicious, less balanced,
more intent on the latest conspiracy theory
multiplied by five”
Tony Blair Reuters ‘feral beasts’ speech 2007
What does journalism do for politics?
• Information
[facts, records, statistics, events,
policies]
• Deliberation
[debate, analysis, comment, opinion]
• Accountability
[investigation, audit, voice for
citizen, campaigns]
Media and politics gv311 2016
Different models of media and
democracy
• Western liberal mixed market (eg UK, USA,
Japan)
• State controlled (Saudi Arabia)
• ‘Liberation’ media (Cuba)
• Clientalism (Egypt, Tunisia)
• Party aligned (Italy, Taiwan)
• Oligarchical (Russia)
Mixed Media Market
• Newspapers (hard copy & online)
• Broadcasters (and online)
• Digital Natives (Buzzfeed, Vice etc)
• International (New York Times, RT, CNN, First
Look)
• ‘Non-journalist sources (PR, lobbyists,
Universities, corporations etc)
• Social networks & aggregators
History of political news: a battle
between journalists & power
• Inns of court
• Holborn printers
• Covent Garden
coffee houses
• Fleet Street national newsrooms
• Broadcasting – public and commercial
• Old Street – Tech City
The (politician’s) problem with political
journalism is..?
• Unaccountable power
• Bias
• Obsession with process
• Cynicism
• Lack of information
• Lack of expertise
• Loss of local press
The (journalist’s) problem with
political journalism is..?
• Lack of resources for (political) journalism
• Government secrecy
• Government and party spin and manipulation
• Disintermediation: increased role of social
networks & public relations
The (public’s) problem with
political journalism is..?
• Too complicated
• Too cynical
• Too belligerent, biased
• Too much process
• Boring
• Irrelevant – ‘Westminster
bubble’
• Too simplistic
• Not critical enough
• Too complicit – not radical
or committed enough
• Sensationalist
• Not informed enough about
realities of policy-making
Press power?
PR power?
LoL
Leveson’s verdict
• Politicians “developed too close a relationship
with the Press in a way which has not been in
the public interest’
• Regular political journalism was "in robust
good health and performing the vital public
interest functions in a vigorous democracy,"
Media and politics gv311 2016
Real problem is engagement, attention
& authenticity
Politicians
News
Media
Public
Political reporting is now networked
Media
Politicians
Citizens
What digital can do for democracy
• More information
• Citizen voice and
participation
• Media held to account
• Access to politicians
• Direct communication
(disintermediation)
• Information overload
• Faster
• More personal (filter
bubbles)
• More emotional
(personalities, anger)
• Manipulation,
misinformation
Filter bubbles now
Filter bubbles then?
More democratic?
“Journalism will continue to become more plural
in its forms, its functions, and its practitioners.
It will become more difficult to distinguish it
from advocacy political communications,
public relations alternative and participatory
civic information, personal commentary,
poplar culture and so on”
Dahlgren 2009
How did this….
…lead to this?
It was mainly this
Plus a lot of this
Though it wouldn’t work without this
Unique or a precedent?
• Rochester by-election – damage limitation
• Over-reaction by over-sensitive leader
• Toxic combination of anti-Labour blogger (who
works for) and anti-Labour newspaper
BUT
• Genuine problem with core vote perception
• Inevitable consequence of febrile networked
political media
Media and politics gv311 2016
Media and politics gv311 2016
Media and politics gv311 2016
Media and politics gv311 2016
Media and politics gv311 2016
Media and politics gv311 2016
Two current live experiments in
media power
• Corbyn’s Labour
• EU Referendum
Media and politics gv311 2016
A new kind of (anti-media) politics?
Media and politics gv311 2016
Media and politics gv311 2016
Media and politics gv311 2016
Contact me:
Prof Charlie Beckett
Polis, LSE
@CharlieBeckett
c.h.beckett@lse.ac.uk
Conference: April 21st

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Media and politics gv311 2016

  • 1. Journalism and Politics Prof Charlie Beckett GV311 Feb 2016
  • 2. Media for democracy • “…the information revolution makes possible for the first time in history something we have only dreamt about: A global society where people anywhere and everywhere can discover their shared values, communicate with each other and do not need to meet or live next door to each other to join together with people in other countries in a single moral universe to bring about change….” • Gordon Brown 2008
  • 3. Media against democracy “It used to be thought – and I include myself in this – that help was on the horizon. New forms of communication would provide new outlets to by-pass the increasingly shrill tenor of traditional media. In fact, the new forms can be even more pernicious, less balanced, more intent on the latest conspiracy theory multiplied by five” Tony Blair Reuters ‘feral beasts’ speech 2007
  • 4. What does journalism do for politics? • Information [facts, records, statistics, events, policies] • Deliberation [debate, analysis, comment, opinion] • Accountability [investigation, audit, voice for citizen, campaigns]
  • 6. Different models of media and democracy • Western liberal mixed market (eg UK, USA, Japan) • State controlled (Saudi Arabia) • ‘Liberation’ media (Cuba) • Clientalism (Egypt, Tunisia) • Party aligned (Italy, Taiwan) • Oligarchical (Russia)
  • 7. Mixed Media Market • Newspapers (hard copy & online) • Broadcasters (and online) • Digital Natives (Buzzfeed, Vice etc) • International (New York Times, RT, CNN, First Look) • ‘Non-journalist sources (PR, lobbyists, Universities, corporations etc) • Social networks & aggregators
  • 8. History of political news: a battle between journalists & power • Inns of court • Holborn printers • Covent Garden coffee houses • Fleet Street national newsrooms • Broadcasting – public and commercial • Old Street – Tech City
  • 9. The (politician’s) problem with political journalism is..? • Unaccountable power • Bias • Obsession with process • Cynicism • Lack of information • Lack of expertise • Loss of local press
  • 10. The (journalist’s) problem with political journalism is..? • Lack of resources for (political) journalism • Government secrecy • Government and party spin and manipulation • Disintermediation: increased role of social networks & public relations
  • 11. The (public’s) problem with political journalism is..? • Too complicated • Too cynical • Too belligerent, biased • Too much process • Boring • Irrelevant – ‘Westminster bubble’ • Too simplistic • Not critical enough • Too complicit – not radical or committed enough • Sensationalist • Not informed enough about realities of policy-making
  • 14. LoL
  • 15. Leveson’s verdict • Politicians “developed too close a relationship with the Press in a way which has not been in the public interest’ • Regular political journalism was "in robust good health and performing the vital public interest functions in a vigorous democracy,"
  • 17. Real problem is engagement, attention & authenticity
  • 19. Political reporting is now networked Media Politicians Citizens
  • 20. What digital can do for democracy • More information • Citizen voice and participation • Media held to account • Access to politicians • Direct communication (disintermediation) • Information overload • Faster • More personal (filter bubbles) • More emotional (personalities, anger) • Manipulation, misinformation
  • 23. More democratic? “Journalism will continue to become more plural in its forms, its functions, and its practitioners. It will become more difficult to distinguish it from advocacy political communications, public relations alternative and participatory civic information, personal commentary, poplar culture and so on” Dahlgren 2009
  • 27. Plus a lot of this
  • 28. Though it wouldn’t work without this
  • 29. Unique or a precedent? • Rochester by-election – damage limitation • Over-reaction by over-sensitive leader • Toxic combination of anti-Labour blogger (who works for) and anti-Labour newspaper BUT • Genuine problem with core vote perception • Inevitable consequence of febrile networked political media
  • 36. Two current live experiments in media power • Corbyn’s Labour • EU Referendum
  • 38. A new kind of (anti-media) politics?
  • 42. Contact me: Prof Charlie Beckett Polis, LSE @CharlieBeckett c.h.beckett@lse.ac.uk Conference: April 21st

Notas do Editor

  1. But actually no-one knows if he actually said it at all – so from it’s birth political journalism has been as much about myth as fact
  2. So I think that networked journalism is itself a more democratic form of journalism because it shifts power and engages public participation. It changes the media model from this
  3. What I am going to argue is that with media change we are moving towards this model T
  4. As journalism becomes more open does it foster great democratic engagement?