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Aperture
1.
Aperture & Stop Optics Wednesday,
July 24, 13
2.
pupil of combination
of lens AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
3.
pupil of combination
of lens EP AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
4.
pupil of combination
of lens EP AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
5.
pupil of combination
of lens EP AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
6.
pupil of combination
of lens EP AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
7.
pupil of combination
of lens EP AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
8.
pupil of combination
of lens EP AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
9.
pupil of combination
of lens EP AS Wednesday, July 24, 13
10.
pupil of combination
of lens AS XP Wednesday, July 24, 13
11.
pupil of combination
of lens AS XP Wednesday, July 24, 13
12.
pupil of combination
of lens AS XP Wednesday, July 24, 13
13.
pupil of combination
of lens AS XP Wednesday, July 24, 13
14.
pupil of combination
of lens AS XP Wednesday, July 24, 13
15.
pupil of combination
of lens AS XP Wednesday, July 24, 13
16.
pupil of combination
of lens AS XP Wednesday, July 24, 13
17.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS Wednesday, July 24, 13
18.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EW Wednesday, July 24, 13
19.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EW Wednesday, July 24, 13
20.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EW Wednesday, July 24, 13
21.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EW Wednesday, July 24, 13
22.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EW Wednesday, July 24, 13
23.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EW Wednesday, July 24, 13
24.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EW Wednesday, July 24, 13
25.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
26.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
27.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
28.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
29.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
30.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
31.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
32.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
33.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
34.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
35.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
36.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
37.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
38.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
39.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
40.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
41.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
42.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
43.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
44.
pupil of combination
of lens AS FS EWEP XP XW Wednesday, July 24, 13
45.
• ตัวอย่าง เลนส์บางสองอัน
อันหนึ่งมีกําลัง +8.00 d อีกตัวเป็นเลนส์เว้าไม่ทราบค่ากําลัง จัดให้มีแนว แกนทัศนร่วมกันและห่างกัน 8.00 cm ให้เป็นระบบ ที่ไม่มีจุดโฟกัส (คือแสงเข้าและออกเป็นแสงขนาน) ถ้ามีตัวจํากัดแสงเส้นผ่านศูนย์กลาง 15 มิลลิเมตร อยู่กึ่งกลางระหว่างเลนส์ทั้งสอง ก. จงหาตําแหน่งของเอนทรานซ์พิวพิล ข. จงหาตําแหน่งของเอกซิทพิวพิล ค. จงหาขนาดของทั้งสองพิวพิล Wednesday, July 24, 13
46.
8.00 cm system matrix
ของเลนส์ตัวแรกคือ ML1 = 1 +8.00 0 1 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ ทําให้ได้ความยาวโฟกัสของเลนส์แรกเป็น fL1 = 1 +8.00 =+0.1250m =+12.5cm fL1 fL2 ASL1 L2 Wednesday, July 24, 13
47.
ได้ความยาวโฟกัสของเลนส์ตัวที่สอง fL2 = fL1 − 8.00cm
= 12.5 − 8.00 = 4.5cm แต่เนื่องจากอยู่ด้านขวา จึงกําหนดเครื่องหมายเป็นลบ และได้กําลังของเลนส์เป็น - 1 0.045 = -22.2d ทําการหา EP โดยเสมือนว่าหาตําแหน่งวัตถุที่เกิดภาพเป็น AS ด้วยเลนส์ L1 EP = n0 ⋅ M21 − M11 ′1 M12 ′1 − M22 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ ML2 = 1 −22.2 0 1 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ Wednesday, July 24, 13
48.
EP = 1.00(
)⋅ 0 − 1( ) 0.04 1.0 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ +8.00( ) 0.04 1.0 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ −1 ⎛ ⎝ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎞ ⎠ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ = 0.0588m EP = 5.88cm จากนั้นหาระยะภาพของ AS ที่เกิดจากเลนส์ L2, XP XP = n0 ⋅ M21 + M22 1 M12 1 + M11 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ XP = 1.0( )⋅ 0 + 1( ) −0.04 1.0 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ −22.22( ) −0.04 1.0 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ +1 ⎛ ⎝ ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ ⎞ ⎠ ⎟ ⎟ ⎟ = −2.12cm Wednesday, July 24, 13
49.
8.00 cm fL1 fL2 ASL1 L2 φEP
= EP AS φAS = 5.88 4.00 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ 15.00( )= 22.05mm φXP = XP AS φAS = −2.12 −4.00 ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ 15.00( )= 7.95mm Wednesday, July 24, 13
50.
ช่องเปิดสัมพัทธ์ Relative aperture •
พลังงานที่ตกกระทบต่อพื้นที่ภาพ • คือช่องเปิดสัมพัทธ์ • คือตัวเลขเอฟ (f-number) บางทีเขียนเป็น f/# ∝ D f ⎛ ⎝⎜ ⎞ ⎠⎟ 2 D f f D Wednesday, July 24, 13
51.
Wednesday, July 24,
13
52.
ช่องเปิดเชิงตัวเลข N.A. Wednesday, July
24, 13
53.
Wednesday, July 24,
13
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