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Copenhagen 
Nicholas DiGirolamo, Erin Robartes, Matthew MacMurray, Zachary Duell, Reed Feery
Copenhagen Transit System
Metro 
• Two lines 
– M1 runs from Vanløse Station to 
Copenhagen Airoport on East Amager 
– M2 runs from Vanløse Station to Ørestad 
on West Amager 
– Both lines take you through the heart of 
the city 
– Driverless and fully automatic, with metro 
stewards on train 
– All trains equipped with CCTV (surveillance 
cameras) 
– Arrive at 4-6 minute intervals during day 
and evening and 15-20 minute intervals 
during the night 24/7 
– “Cityringen” City Ring Plan
Busses 
• Movia – main public Copenhagen bus service 
• Operate all hours of day, with night buses 
operating from 1-5 a.m. with less frequent stops 
• Do not stop at every stop, only stop if people 
waiting at bus stop or passenger presses stop 
button 
• CityBus – inner city sightseeing bus, gets you 
around the city center and stops at city’s top 
attractions with frequent intervals, busses 
completely electric 
• Harbour buses – runs in Copenhagen Harbour 
area, takes you sightseeing for price of an 
ordinary bus ticket, cheap alternative to canal 
tours
Copenhagen Central Station 
• Located in heart of the city, 
serves as gateway to all public 
transportation in and out and 
around Copenhagen 
• Buses, taxis, local S-trains, 
regional trains (to airport and 
other areas of Denmark, 
Sweden, & most of Europe)
Nørreport 
• Hub in central Copenhagen that 
connects regional trains, S-trains, 
busses, and the metro 
• Busiest hub in all of Denmark 
• Currently under renovation, 
which will result in three big, 
open areas, lit roofs and 
ventilation towers with 
integrated lighting
Tickets 
• Tickets can be bought for individual trips 
on each mode of public transportation 
• Bought either from ticket sales area 
before boarding (all modes), or from 
driver (buses) 
• Greater Copenhagen area divided into 95 
zones 
• Pay for the number of zones you pass 
through 
• Zones have varying prices (9 zone rings, 
each color determines fare) 
• Zone system applies to all buses, trains 
and metro
24-hour ticket 
• Allows travel for 24 hours unlimited by bus, train, 
metro and harbour bus in all zones 
• Adult ticket costs DKK 130 (Danish krone) 
– 1 DKK = $ 0.168 US 
– Comes to about $ 21.84 US 
– One adult can bring along 2 children under 12 free 
– Children under 16 can by ticket for DKK 65 ($ 10.92 US) 
– Can be bought at airport or any station 
– Also sell 48, 72, or 120 hour tickets
24-hour or 72-hour City Pass 
• Unlimited access to buses, trains, metro, and 
harbour buses in zones 1-4 
– 24-hour adult ticket costs DKK 80 ($ 13.44 US) 
– 24 hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 40 ($ 6.72 US) 
– 72-hour adult ticket costs DKK 200 ($ 33.60 US) 
– 72-hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 90 ($ 15.12 US)
Other options 
• Single trips – lasts 1-2 hours, depending on zone(s) 
• 10 trip tickets – slowly being phased out of transportation 
systems 
• FlexCard – unlimited access for 7 days in zones you pay for 
• Copenhagen Card – gives free admission to 75 museums and 
sights, unlimited travel, and discounts on attractions in 
Greater Copenhagen 
• Rejsekortet – new travel card for Copenhagen residents, 
prepaid card
Copenhagen Metro 
● Orestad Development 
Corporation 
● 3 modes originally considered. 
● October 1994 - Rapid Transit was 
chosen 
● June 24th, 1992 - Orestad Act.
Copenhagen Metro 
● Currently, the system is 
owned by Metroselskabet, 
which is owned by the 
Municipalities of 
Copenhagen and 
Frederiksberg, and the 
Ministry of Transport. 
● Construction began in 
Nov. 1996 
● All Lines of M1 and M2 
were operating by October 
12, 2003. 
● Future - “City Circle Line” 
Current 
Future
Copenhagen S-Train 
Finger Plan ● The Finger Plan 1947, “Regional Plan 
Committee” 
● Focuses on Developing Metropolitan area 
within 600m of S-train stations. 
● 4 Zones 
● “Green” areas in between developing fingers 
to promote recreational areas, agriculture, 
etc. 
● Basis of development strategy almost 70 
years later.
Copenhagen S-Train 
● The first line was opened in 1934. 
● They serve more than half a million 
people a day. 
● city's bus terminals are often 
adjacent to an S-train or Metro 
station. 
● As of January 2009 there are 170 
km of dual track and 84 S-train 
stations. 
● The S-train is completely operated 
by “DSB” (Danske Statsbaner).
Bicycles 
http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/facts-about-cycling-in-denmark/ 
cycling-history/ 
● First half of 1900’s, 
bicycles dominated 
transportation 
● 1960’s conflict between 
bicycles and automobiles 
● People had a vision for the 
transportation system and 
fought for it → bike 
infrastructure
Bicycles 
● Strong bicycle culture foundation 
allows for the development of 
innovative infrastructure. 
● Under the Technical and 
Environmental Administration 
Traffic Department: A 2025 
bicycle plan 
● One unique aspect is a bicycle 
superhighway. 
● Cycling Embassy of Denmark 
promotes and shares knowledge 
of cycling
Pedestrianization 
- Definition: To convert into an area for use of pedestrians only, by excluding 
motor vehicles 
- Process began in 1962 with Strøget becoming a pedestrian only zone 
- Many policies were introduced since then to encourage pedestrianization 
- Not only a transportation solution 
- Improves public health 
- Improves sustainability and energy efficiency 
- Improves economic development and increases tourism 
- Still continuing today - has been very successful thanks to Jan Gehl
Jan Gehl 
- "By the 60's American values had begun to catch on — separate isolated homes 
and everyone driving. The city was suffering so how could we reverse these 
patterns? We decided to make the public realm so attractive it would drag people 
back into the streets, whilst making it simultaneously difficult to go there by car." 
Jan Gehl, 1992 
- Promotes an incremental approach to pedestrianization 
- From 1962-1988 the number of parking places in the city center was reduced 
by 2-3% per year, providing 100,000 square meters of public space 
- Encourages a “walking culture” (Ladywalk 2010, ‘Max The Cat’) 
- Similar model used (because of the success of Copenhagen) while working with 
Oslo, Barcelona, London, Melbourne, Seattle, NYC, San Francisco, etc..
- Orange represents Pedestrian Main 
Priority Shopping Streets 
- Characteristics include: 
- enlarged sidewalks 
- low vehicle speed 
- alternate traffic routes for vehicles 
- High concentration of cafe’s, shops, 
restaurants 
- Design of these streets begins by 
examining the needs of pedestrians and 
cyclists FIRST
Blue-Green City 
● Climate change will increase rainfall and 
sea levels causing flooding 
● The Technical and Environmental 
Administration chose to address this 
issue now, by working towards a blue-green 
city 
● Blue-Green Cities aim to reintroduce 
the natural water cycle into the urban 
environment, while advocating multi 
purpose green space and land use.
Cloudburst Management Plan 
The Cloudburst Management Plan addresses the 
challenge of floodwater in a holistic approach 
Before 
After
Park Policy 
Goal: to make it so everyone can get to a green space 
within 15 minutes
Questions?
Works Cited 
http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/cycle-super-highway/ 
http://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/823_Bg65v7UH2t.pdf 
http://subsite.kk.dk/sitecore/content/Subsites/CityOfCopenhagen/SubsiteFrontpage/CityCouncil/CityAdministrations/TechnicalAndEnvironmental 
Administration.aspx 
http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/2012/06/06/cycle-super-highways-to-generate-more-cyclists-in-greater-copenhagen-area/ 
http://www.copenhagenize.com/2013/09/episode-10-political-will-top-10-design.html 
http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/how-denmark-become-a-cycling-nation/ 
http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/transportation/public-transport 
http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/service/tickets-and-prices 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_Circle_Line

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Copenhagen 2

  • 1. Copenhagen Nicholas DiGirolamo, Erin Robartes, Matthew MacMurray, Zachary Duell, Reed Feery
  • 3. Metro • Two lines – M1 runs from Vanløse Station to Copenhagen Airoport on East Amager – M2 runs from Vanløse Station to Ørestad on West Amager – Both lines take you through the heart of the city – Driverless and fully automatic, with metro stewards on train – All trains equipped with CCTV (surveillance cameras) – Arrive at 4-6 minute intervals during day and evening and 15-20 minute intervals during the night 24/7 – “Cityringen” City Ring Plan
  • 4. Busses • Movia – main public Copenhagen bus service • Operate all hours of day, with night buses operating from 1-5 a.m. with less frequent stops • Do not stop at every stop, only stop if people waiting at bus stop or passenger presses stop button • CityBus – inner city sightseeing bus, gets you around the city center and stops at city’s top attractions with frequent intervals, busses completely electric • Harbour buses – runs in Copenhagen Harbour area, takes you sightseeing for price of an ordinary bus ticket, cheap alternative to canal tours
  • 5. Copenhagen Central Station • Located in heart of the city, serves as gateway to all public transportation in and out and around Copenhagen • Buses, taxis, local S-trains, regional trains (to airport and other areas of Denmark, Sweden, & most of Europe)
  • 6. Nørreport • Hub in central Copenhagen that connects regional trains, S-trains, busses, and the metro • Busiest hub in all of Denmark • Currently under renovation, which will result in three big, open areas, lit roofs and ventilation towers with integrated lighting
  • 7. Tickets • Tickets can be bought for individual trips on each mode of public transportation • Bought either from ticket sales area before boarding (all modes), or from driver (buses) • Greater Copenhagen area divided into 95 zones • Pay for the number of zones you pass through • Zones have varying prices (9 zone rings, each color determines fare) • Zone system applies to all buses, trains and metro
  • 8. 24-hour ticket • Allows travel for 24 hours unlimited by bus, train, metro and harbour bus in all zones • Adult ticket costs DKK 130 (Danish krone) – 1 DKK = $ 0.168 US – Comes to about $ 21.84 US – One adult can bring along 2 children under 12 free – Children under 16 can by ticket for DKK 65 ($ 10.92 US) – Can be bought at airport or any station – Also sell 48, 72, or 120 hour tickets
  • 9. 24-hour or 72-hour City Pass • Unlimited access to buses, trains, metro, and harbour buses in zones 1-4 – 24-hour adult ticket costs DKK 80 ($ 13.44 US) – 24 hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 40 ($ 6.72 US) – 72-hour adult ticket costs DKK 200 ($ 33.60 US) – 72-hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 90 ($ 15.12 US)
  • 10. Other options • Single trips – lasts 1-2 hours, depending on zone(s) • 10 trip tickets – slowly being phased out of transportation systems • FlexCard – unlimited access for 7 days in zones you pay for • Copenhagen Card – gives free admission to 75 museums and sights, unlimited travel, and discounts on attractions in Greater Copenhagen • Rejsekortet – new travel card for Copenhagen residents, prepaid card
  • 11. Copenhagen Metro ● Orestad Development Corporation ● 3 modes originally considered. ● October 1994 - Rapid Transit was chosen ● June 24th, 1992 - Orestad Act.
  • 12. Copenhagen Metro ● Currently, the system is owned by Metroselskabet, which is owned by the Municipalities of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg, and the Ministry of Transport. ● Construction began in Nov. 1996 ● All Lines of M1 and M2 were operating by October 12, 2003. ● Future - “City Circle Line” Current Future
  • 13. Copenhagen S-Train Finger Plan ● The Finger Plan 1947, “Regional Plan Committee” ● Focuses on Developing Metropolitan area within 600m of S-train stations. ● 4 Zones ● “Green” areas in between developing fingers to promote recreational areas, agriculture, etc. ● Basis of development strategy almost 70 years later.
  • 14. Copenhagen S-Train ● The first line was opened in 1934. ● They serve more than half a million people a day. ● city's bus terminals are often adjacent to an S-train or Metro station. ● As of January 2009 there are 170 km of dual track and 84 S-train stations. ● The S-train is completely operated by “DSB” (Danske Statsbaner).
  • 15. Bicycles http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/facts-about-cycling-in-denmark/ cycling-history/ ● First half of 1900’s, bicycles dominated transportation ● 1960’s conflict between bicycles and automobiles ● People had a vision for the transportation system and fought for it → bike infrastructure
  • 16. Bicycles ● Strong bicycle culture foundation allows for the development of innovative infrastructure. ● Under the Technical and Environmental Administration Traffic Department: A 2025 bicycle plan ● One unique aspect is a bicycle superhighway. ● Cycling Embassy of Denmark promotes and shares knowledge of cycling
  • 17. Pedestrianization - Definition: To convert into an area for use of pedestrians only, by excluding motor vehicles - Process began in 1962 with Strøget becoming a pedestrian only zone - Many policies were introduced since then to encourage pedestrianization - Not only a transportation solution - Improves public health - Improves sustainability and energy efficiency - Improves economic development and increases tourism - Still continuing today - has been very successful thanks to Jan Gehl
  • 18. Jan Gehl - "By the 60's American values had begun to catch on — separate isolated homes and everyone driving. The city was suffering so how could we reverse these patterns? We decided to make the public realm so attractive it would drag people back into the streets, whilst making it simultaneously difficult to go there by car." Jan Gehl, 1992 - Promotes an incremental approach to pedestrianization - From 1962-1988 the number of parking places in the city center was reduced by 2-3% per year, providing 100,000 square meters of public space - Encourages a “walking culture” (Ladywalk 2010, ‘Max The Cat’) - Similar model used (because of the success of Copenhagen) while working with Oslo, Barcelona, London, Melbourne, Seattle, NYC, San Francisco, etc..
  • 19. - Orange represents Pedestrian Main Priority Shopping Streets - Characteristics include: - enlarged sidewalks - low vehicle speed - alternate traffic routes for vehicles - High concentration of cafe’s, shops, restaurants - Design of these streets begins by examining the needs of pedestrians and cyclists FIRST
  • 20. Blue-Green City ● Climate change will increase rainfall and sea levels causing flooding ● The Technical and Environmental Administration chose to address this issue now, by working towards a blue-green city ● Blue-Green Cities aim to reintroduce the natural water cycle into the urban environment, while advocating multi purpose green space and land use.
  • 21. Cloudburst Management Plan The Cloudburst Management Plan addresses the challenge of floodwater in a holistic approach Before After
  • 22. Park Policy Goal: to make it so everyone can get to a green space within 15 minutes
  • 24. Works Cited http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/cycle-super-highway/ http://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/823_Bg65v7UH2t.pdf http://subsite.kk.dk/sitecore/content/Subsites/CityOfCopenhagen/SubsiteFrontpage/CityCouncil/CityAdministrations/TechnicalAndEnvironmental Administration.aspx http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/2012/06/06/cycle-super-highways-to-generate-more-cyclists-in-greater-copenhagen-area/ http://www.copenhagenize.com/2013/09/episode-10-political-will-top-10-design.html http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/how-denmark-become-a-cycling-nation/ http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/transportation/public-transport http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/service/tickets-and-prices http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_Circle_Line