The Open Group San Diego Event: The Value of Reference Architectures. January 29 - February 1, 2018. San Diego, USA.

1. Developing an Aviation
Reference Architecture
Eldar Sultanow, Capgemini Germany
Carsten Breithaupt, Lufthansa
Kai Schroeder, Capgemini Germany
The Open Group San Diego Event: The Value of Reference Architectures
January 29 - February 1, 2018
San Diego, USA

2. Our point of departure
https://pixabay.com/de/flugzeug-militärische-flugzeuge-607225/
Who has ever done a
Reference Architecture?

3. Our Challenges
People
Not enough people & not enough aviation IT knowledge
Organization
Plenty of politics & alignment to strategy
Content
Lack of available content
Budget
Who can fund us?

4. Our Organization
Global group of
companies
Management Support Corporate Politics
Intricate
domains
14 Architects
+
28 opinions
=
Five Star Aviation
Reference Architecture

5. Our Crew
Dr. Eldar Sultanow
Lead Architect
Carsten Breithaupt
Head of LH Group
Architects
Kai Schroeder
Head of Enterprise
Architects &
Transformation Mgrs.
Christian Vollmer
Sebastian
Schnelker
Christian Vollmer
Andreas Lutz
Wolfgang Gillich
Dr. Carsten
Brockmann
Jewgenij
Moldawski
Dr. Martin
Swientek
Phillip Pham
Martin Mierke
Oliver Nandico

6. Our Base
Documentation
Plethora of documents &
artifacts
Tacit Knowledge
Many experts scattered across
the group
Access to material
Limited availability to get
information
Inconsistent standards
Need for an intuitive framework and
models

7. Our Budget
Who pays for
what when?
Who gets the
benefits?
“Steal, borrow & beg”

8. Let’s talk Architecture
Benefits of our Reference Architecture
Purpose & Framework
Modeling Notation & Domains
What happened then?

9. Benefits
Process and time-to-market
No need to educate suppliers and partners
Higher productivity for architects
Companies new to the industry utilize the knowledge
inherent in the RA
Structured view on aviation-specific functions
Describe business capabilities in a modularized fashion

10. The purpose of our reference architecture
Common understanding of content, capabilities
Easy understanding within the architecture community
Comparability of provider solutions
Standard description for several views:
 Architecture
 Procurement
 Infrastructure
 Business
 Etc.
Speed up of detailed description and/or analysis

11. How we went about it
Select the industry standard
Definining domains
Defining architectures for each domain
Publish results

12. Our framework areas
Business Architecture
Application Architecture
Data Architecture
Technology Architecture
Consistency
between the
layers
Easily and
intuitively
comprehensible

13. Our position on the continuum
TOGAF:
The Architecture Continuum illustrates how architectures are developed and evolved.
Four architectures are part of an Architecture Continuum:
Foundation
Architecture
Common Systems
Architecture
Industry
Architecture
Organization-Specific
Architecture

14. Our Notation
Symbol Element
BusinessArchitecture
Business Domain Business Domain (Top Level Element)
Subdomain
Subdomain (assigned to a Business
Domain)
Business Capability
Business Capability (assigned to a
Subdomain)
BPMN
Starting State and End State
Activity 1 Activity 2
Activities of a business process (can be
chained)
An artifact (document, table, item, …)
that is input or output of an activity and
that relates to an Information Object
Business Architecture
Application Architecture
Data Architecture
Technology Architecture

15. Our Notation
Business Architecture
Application Architecture
Data Architecture
Technology Architecture
Business Process Model
For each Business Domain a Business Capability Map exists. This map assigns to each subdomain all
belonging business capabilities.
BusinessProcess
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
input output input output input output input output
Information Object 1
Information Object 2
Information Object 3
Information Object 4
Information Object 5
Information Object 6
Information Object 7

16. Our Notation
Business Architecture
Application Architecture
Data Architecture
Technology Architecture
Application
Architecture
Application
Application covers/possesses one or
more Business Capabilities
DataArchitecture
Entity
Entity describing a data object
Information Object Information Object encompassing entities
Relations between entities and
information objects
Technology
Architecture
Technology Component
Technology (Infrastructural) Component
These can be nested hierarchically

17. Our Notation
Business Architecture
Application Architecture
Data Architecture
Technology Architecture
Entity Relationship Diagram
Entities (Data Objects) and Information Objects relate to each other. They can be nested hierarchically and
have attributes.
Information Object
Entity 4
Entity 2
Entity 3
- Attribute 1
- Attribute 2
Entity 5
Entity 1
Relation 4
Relation 2
Relation 1
Relation 3

18. Domain Overview
Sales
Inventory
Management
Sales Channel
Management
Reservation
Ticketing
Direct Sales Channel
& Shopping
Sales Agent
Channels
Ground Ops
Station
Management
Ground Staff
Management
Passenger Check-
in
Load Planning
Airport
Infrastructure
Baggage
Management
Product
Network & Fleet Planning
Fleet Planning
Network
Management
Network Data
Analysis
Cooperations &
Alliances
Scheduling
Codeshare
Revenue Management & Pricing
Group Bookings
Availability
Management
Forecast &
Optimization
Pricing
Product Management
& Design
Maintenance
Maintenance &
Testing
Cargo
Forwarding Carrying
Flight Ops
Operational Flight
Planning
Operations
Control
Crew
Management
Flight Support
Marketing & Customer Care
Loyality
Feedback &
Complaint
Customer
Profile
Direct Marketing
Customer
Communication
Support
IT Services HR Finance
Data Management
and Analysis
Business Process
Integration
Contract Management
& Procurement
Catering
Procurement

19. Complete Overview
MaintenanceMarketing & Customer Care
Customer Communication
Customer Profile Management
Direct Marketing
Feedback & Complaint
Loyalty
Flight Ops
Crew Management
Flight Support
Operations Control
Operational Flight Planning
Sales Revenue Management & Pricing Network & Fleet PlanninigProduct Ground Ops
Sales Management
Forecast & Optimization
PROS P4/G4 Revenue
Management
Pricing
Calculate Forecast
Optimize Availability
Central Fare Solution (CFS)
FareQuoteRQ
Calculate Prices
Central Fare Solution (CFS)
Monitor Competitor Prices
TechnologyArchitectureBusinessArchitecture
ERP Finance / SAP Platform
Amadeus availability &
pricing platform
Product Management and
Analytics Platform
Media Monitoring System
Product Management & Design
Product Management
Application
Manage Air/Ground
Products
Define Product Strategy
Manage Customer
Experience
Manage Corporate Design
Media system
Manage Ancillary Services
Inventory Management
Inventory Management
System
ManageSeatInventory
ManageWaitlists
DistributeSchedules
ManageFlightRelated
AvailabilityRestrictions
Direct Sales Channel & Shopping
Direct Sales Platform
SearchAndOfferProduct
CreateReservation
ManageOrder
ManageBooking
Availability Management
Availability Calculator (Real
Time)
SeatAvailability
ManageAvailability
Manage Influences
Group Bookings
Group Offer Manager
SearchFlightsMultiPAX
CheckSeatAvailability
SearchFlightUp9Pax
Group Sales Tool
Group Reservation
Pricing Module for Group
Reservation
Reservation Ticketing
Booking System
SearchFlight
Search Basic Flight
Search Multistop Flight
Search Rebook Flight
Create Reservation
ExecuteBookOnHold
ServiceList
E-Commerce Portal & Shop
system
Flight Scheduling System
Customer Relationship System
Network & Fleet Planning
Fleet Management
Assign Fleet
Manage Fleet Size
Partner Management
Manage Commercial
Partners
Support Aircraft Sourcing
Manage Entry Into Service
Network Management
Design Flight Network
Optimize Flight Network
Model O&D Insights
Provide O&D Insights
Accounting
Manage Cooperation
Accounting
Publishing
Report Alliances Statistics
Report Joint Venture
Statistics
Publish Flight Plan
Code Share
Manage Slots
Manage Code Shares
Optimize Schedules
Business Intelligence
Analyze Market Data
Gather Historical Sales
Statistics
Gather Flight Costs
Enterprise Accounting System
Business Intelligence System
Customer Communication
Manager
Support Ticket System
Common Enterprise Software or
Cloud Enterprise Platform
CUPPS Platform
Operational Flight Planning
System
Operations Control Platform
Crew Management Platform
Product Maintenance System
Product Testing Platform
Load Planning
Load Planning Tool
Baggage Management
Baggage Tracking System
TrackBaggage
RedirectBaggage
ControlLoadProcess
PlanLoadProcess
ProvideLoadInformation
Ground Staff Management
Ressource Planning Tool
ManageRostering
PlanCrewDisposition
PlanShifts
ManageBaggageLoading
ManageBaggageUnloading
Station Management
Airport Management System
ProvideAirportInfrastructure
ManageAirportInformation
ManageRampActivities
ManageGroundHandling
ManagePassengerStreams
ManageLounges
ManageIrregulatories
Onstation
IssueVouchers
Passenger Check-in
Passenger and Baggage
Processing Application /
Depature Control System
CheckinPassenger
BoardPassenger
HandleWaitlist
AcceptLuggage
CheckTravelDocuments
Tracking Platform
Communication Platform
Cargo
Slot Manager
Operations Control System
Flight Planning Tool
Cabin Crew Support System
Flight Deck Support System
Onboard Communication
System
Crew Management System
CalculateFlightPlan
DistributeOperational
FlightPlan
ProvideCrewBriefing
ProvidePayloadAndFuel
ProvideNavigationAnd
FlightInformation
ManageCrewResources
CommunicateWithCrew
PrepareFlight
SupportPassengerOnboard
HandleFlightIrregularities
DispatchFlight&Crew
OptimizeFuel
ManageFlightPlan
CoordinateSlots
ProvideOnboard
Communication
ReportFlightAndIncidents
SignLoadSheet
Flight Support Platform
Notifying Service
Notify Service Disruption
Notify Service Fulfillment
Social Media Manager
Connect Social Media
Customer Data Manager
Maintain Customer Master
Data
Maintain Customer
Preferences
Customer Profile Analyzer
Analyze Customer
Relationships
Manage Customer Profiles
Marketing Project Manager
Manage Campaigns
Manage Sales Promotions
Personalized Offer Calculator
Provide Personalized Offers
Customer Feedback Managing
Tool
Manage Customer Feedback
Manage Customer Claims
Customer Survey Tool
Manage Customer Surveys
After Sales Handler
Manage After Sales
Miles Calculation Service
Earn Miles
Spend Miles
Customer Loyalty Manager
Manage Loyalty Account
Book Awards
Provide Partnership Accural
Maintenance
Product Maintenance
Application
Product/Service Testing
Product/Service
Maintenance
Product/Service Monitoring
Maintenance planning
Forwarding
Cargo Forwarding System
Recieve shipment
Handover shipment
Messaging from/to
forwarder
Tracking & Tracing
Communication platfrom
Customer Relationship
Management System
Carying
Cargo Control System
Recieve shipment
Handover shipment
Messaging from/to
forwarder
Tracking & Tracing
Warehouse Management
System
Store freight
Collect freight
Planning capacity
Warehouse reporting
Sales Management System
DefineSalesChannel
Strategy
ManageSalesChannel
ReportSalesAgentStatistics
ManageSalesAgents
ManageSalesAccounts
Common Use Passenger
Processing System (CUPPS)-
Platform
Tracking Platform
Cloud Enterprise Platform
Communication und Messaging
Platform

20. What happened then?
Architecture Community
Open Group Aviation Vertical
Digital Reference Architectures

21. What happened then?
Architecture Community
 More architects with aviation
knowledge
 Better skilled architects /
greater knowledge
 More efficient communication
Open Group Aviation Vertical
 Founded aviation vertical with
Lufthansa being the lead
 Internationally acclaimed airlines
and airports interested to join
 Watch this space…

22. What happened then?
Next generation of reference architectures have been developed
IoT Reference Architecture Digitalization Reference Architecture

23. For more information contact us
Dr. Eldar Sultanow
Capgemini
eldar.sultanow@capgemini.com
Carsten Breithaupt
Lufthansa Group
carsten.breithaupt@dlh.de
Kai Schroeder
Capgemini
kai.schroeder@capgemini.com

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celebrates its 50th Anniversary year in 2017. A global leader in consulting, technology
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digital solutions that fit their needs, enabling them to achieve innovation and
competitiveness. A deeply multicultural organization, Capgemini has developed its own
way of working, the Collaborative Business Experience™, and draws on Rightshore®, its
worldwide delivery model.
About Capgemini
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25. Thus was born the idea of our RA
Kai:
Hey what about constructing an aviation RA?
Carsten:
This is a great Idea! – Let us make one!
The Telcos have one…. The IATA is
creating an AIDM (Data Model), in finance
there is one…..
But the airlines ….

26. Our Motivation
 Direct and guide the overall IT of an
airline
 Be aware of systems, their interfaces
and capabilities for
• Checking-In
• Transporting and dispatching baggage
• Identification
• In-flight services
• Ground Operations
 Improve and evolve business and IT
capabilities
 Effectively and efficiently support the
business strategy

27. Our LH Architecture Framework is based on TOGAF
Reference Architecture
27
InitiationPhases:
Cont.:
Analyze existing documents
 Determine domain specific
processes
 Determine domain specific
layers
Extension of existing
information
Create submission
document
 Analyze resulting documents
of LEAF
 Analyze additional documents
 Generalize and anonymize
 Request further documents
 Exchange on issues via
videoconference
 Gather information through
phone calls
 Extend existing documents
with new information
 Create content within each
layer
LEAF
Lufthansa
Enterprise
Architecture
Framework
• Need to define and agree on IT
architecture processes
• Based on TOGAF customizing
• Harmonize IT architecture processes
with planningIT
• Preparations for the introduction into
the necessary LH Group institutions.
“The Way We Work”:
Definition of approach, process and method for enterprise architecture
work by customizing TOGAF
“planningIT”:
Implement prototype reports within planningIT
LEAF Reference Manual:
Define deliverables, views and artifacts for use with planningIT and based
on TOGAF
Training Concept:
Concept for architects’ training in working with LEAF and planningIT
Results of Project “LEAF”
Architecture Action Plan:
High Level Target Architecture with focus on selected domains
We make use of existing frameworks: TOGAF, IATA, ….