1.
Short Answers
Cansu SÜER

2.
Structure Positive Statements
so + auxiliary verb+ subject
• If someone says something positive and
we agree with them we can use so.
• I am excited about the party.
So am I.
• I wish it was Saturday.
So do I.

3.
Structure Positive Statements
• We can also express that we have the
same idea with sb using «so» in place of
the previous statement.
- I think Fenerbahçe will win the match.
- I think so too.
- I don’t think so.

4.
Structure Positive Statements
• We must also remember that the
verb in the statement needs to
agree with the verb in the response.
• I have got 3 sisters.
So has she.
• I enjoyed the concert.
So did I.

5.
Too/as well/also
• "Too", "as well", and "also" have similar
meanings, but they are used in
different positions in a sentence.
- Jeff plays soccer. Greg plays soccer, too.
- Jeff plays soccer. Greg also plays soccer.
- Jeff plays soccer. Greg plays soccer as
well.

6.
Too/as well/also
• Also cannot be used in short answers
or imperatives, however; we can use
as well and too in this way.
- Sarah is a self confident girl. Her
sister is (self confident) as well. (Her
sister is, too.)
- I met him yesterday. I did too. (I did
also)

7.
• In informal speech, we can also use
“me too”.
- I am watching TV. Me too. (not as
formal as ‘so am I’ or ‘I am too’)
• When we use also at the beginning of
a sentence, it means ‘moreover’.
- The house is far from the city center;
also, it is too small for us.
Too/as well/also

8.
• In a very formal style, we can
use too directly after the subject.
- I, too, have a very fast car.
• As well is more formal than too.
Too/as well/also

9.
Structure Negative Statements
neither + auxiliary verb+ subject
• If someone says something
negative and we agree with them
we can use neither.
• I can’t swim.
Neither can I.

10.
Agreeing
• so / neither / nor with an auxiliary to
show that people have something in
common (sth is the same about them).
• I'm looking forward to the picnic.'
'So am I.'
The statement is grammatically
positive, so we replay with so.

11.
Nor or Neither?
(There is no difference in meaning.)
• 'I don't want to go.'
'Neither do I.'
'Nor do I.'

12.
Nor or Neither?
• We use neither and nor +
auxiliary/modal verb + subject to
mean ‘also not’:
• A: I hate snakes. I can’t even look at a
picture of a snake.
• B: Neither can I.
• Not: I can’t also.

13.
Not either
• We can use not … either to mean ‘also
not’, but we do not change the word
order of the auxiliary or modal verb
and subject:
A: I haven’t ever tasted caviar.
B: I haven’t either. (or Neither have
I./Nor have I.)

14.
Not either
A: I didn’t see Lesley at the concert.
B: I didn’t either. (or Neither did I./Nor
did I.)
• In informal speaking, we often say me
neither:
A: I can’t smell anything.
B: Me neither. (or I can’t either.)

15.
Comparing
- Tim wants to go and so does Janet.
- Mandy's not going on the trip
and neither is Sue.

16.
Hardly/Scarcely
• Only Neither do I or Nor do I is
possible here because hardly/scarcely
has a negative meaning. It means
almost not at all. So if you wish to
agree with what is being said, you will
also need a negative adverb and
use neither or nor in response.

17.
Hardly/Scarcely
• Note that scarcely has the same
negative meaning as hardly and that
either of them can be used here.
Compare the following:
• I can hardly / scarcely believe you're
twenty years old now.
~ Nor / Neither can I!

18.
Hardly/Scarcely
• They're hardly / scarcely ever at
home.
~ Neither / Nor are we!
• He's dead now, but
I hardly / scarcely knew him.
~ Neither / Nor did I.

19.
Hardly/Scarcely
• As an alternative to neither/nor you
can also use not either which has the
same meaning, but normal word
order:
• She had changed so much. I
could hardly /scarcely recognize her. ~ I
couldn't either.
• I've got hardly /scarcely any money left.
What about you? ~ I haven't either.

20.
Disagreeing
• When you don’t have something in
common: If we want to make it clear
that we are different, other short
answers are used.
- I thought the film was quite boring.'
'Oh, I didn't. I really liked it.‘

21.
Disagreeing
• The second speaker gives a short
answer with an auxiliary I didn't and a
short explanation.
• 'I don't like this music.'
'Really? I do. I like heavy metal.'

22.
Typical Errors
• We use neither, not none, when we
are talking about two people or
things:
• Books and television are
different. Neither of them should
replace the other.
• Not: None of them …

23.
Typical Errors
• We don’t normally use both (of) +
not to make a negative statement
about two people or things:
• Neither of these shirts is/are dry yet.
• Not: Both of these shirts aren’t dry
yet.
• Take care to spell neither correctly:
not ‘niether’ or ‘neighter’.

24.
Sample Questions
• I can barely see the road in
front of me, ________ can
Hasan.
a) so
b) neither

25.
Sample Questions
• I can barely see the road in
front of me, ________ can
Hasan.
a) so
b) neither
Cevap B

26.
Sample Questions
• Nobody wanted to go home,
and to be honest, _______ did I.
a) so
b) neither

27.
Sample Questions
• Nobody wanted to go home,
and to be honest, _______ did I.
a) so
b) Neither
Cevap B

28.
Sample Questions
• Neighbours complained to the
police about dogs barking, and
________did my landlord.
a) so
b) neither

29.
Sample Questions
• Neighbours complained to the
police about dogs barking, and
________did my landlord.
a) so
b) neither
Cevap A

30.
Sample Questions
• Few people had expected
Labor’s Landslide victory in
England, and _______had I.
a) so
b) neither

31.
Sample Questions
• Few people had expected
Labor’s Landslide victory in
England, and _______had I.
a) so
b) Neither
Cevap A