As urban populations grow, cities face challenges in providing infrastructure and public safety for their citizens. Analytics can help cities become smarter by making them instrumented, interconnected and intelligent. This allows cities to gain insights from vast amounts of data to improve outcomes in areas like public safety, transportation, utilities and more. For public safety agencies specifically, analytics enables improved collaboration, predictive capabilities and a more holistic approach to keeping citizens safe.

1. Mark Cleverley
Director, Public Safety Solutions
Global Government Industry
Smarter cities:
a public safety perspective

2. 2007 was the first year in which
more than half the world was
living in cities.
By 2050 it will be 70%.
Every minute for the next 20
years, 30 people will leave rural
India for urban India. They will
need 500 new cities.
So a “Smarter Planet”
must be built by the cities
of the world

3. … and growth is stressing every piece of our infrastructure
Energy Food Water
Projections show energy 820 million people around the In the last 100 years global
consumption increasing by world are undernourished. Yet water usage has increased at
50% in the next 25 years. much of the food we produce is twice the rate of population
wasted between field and fork. growth. Today, one in five
people still lacks clean drinking
water.

4. Only in cities can we simultaneously increase the efficiency and
sustainability of these systems to create the most livable environment
for the greatest number of people.

5. “When the burdens of
the presidency seem
unusually heavy, I
always remind myself it
could be worse. I could
be a mayor”.
ark.cleverley@us.ibm.com

6. Three critical technology and societal changes enrich the future
Instrumented Interconnected Intelligent
We can measure, sense People, systems and We can analyse and derive
and see the condition of objects can communicate insight from larger and more
practically everything. and interact with each diverse sources of information,
other in entirely new ways. to predict and respond better to
change.

7. These changes offer to help cities become smarter –
instrumented, interconnected, intelligent
Traditional Approach Smarter Approach
Many disconnected and conflicting Integrated data including sensors,
data sources video and voice
Long range predictions Detailed and actionable
for trends and directions near-term predictions
Each department operates Coordinated actions across
in a disconnected silo the city and stakeholders

8. But the information age creates challenges for all
44x
Digital data Information is
60%
of mission leaders have
Change
growth through more data than they outpacing ability to
2020
exploding can use keep up
Volume of Digital Data effectively
80% Sources of 12x
Increase in Performance gap
of information – insight are performance by
unstructured organizations that
is widening
Variety of Information content multiplying apply analytics
Velocity of Decision Making

9. …and particular challenges for public safety are developing
Data overload Newly emerging Increasing public
threats expectations
Increase in information The community (law abiding and Today’s economy and society are
volume — much in criminal) accesses and uses data digitally interconnected - citizens
unstructured formats
in new ways—increasingly expect public services to adapt
mobile and interconnected
21% $388 Billion 57%
Forecast growth path in global
1 Global cost of cyber crime Percentage of city expenditure
CCTV installations 2011−13 attributed to public safety
Sources: (1) “Global CCTV Market Analysis (2008-12) reported in Business Wire Feb 2011 (2) Norton Study Calculates Cost of Global Cybercrime:”, Symantec Sep 2011
(6) NY Times, March 2011(3) “Smarter, Faster, Cheaper: A benchmarking analysis of 100 US Cities, IBM, Feb 2011 (4) 'Twitter and BBM gave us riot intelligence - we decided
against pulling plug‘, Jo Best, Silicon.com, Aug 2011

10. Citizens’ expectations of their public safety agencies
are evolving
To “Responding to crime and emergencies”
Add “Preventing crime and pre-empting emergencies”
Human Conditions Environmental Conditions
Crime Terrorism Health Event System Weather Natural
Failure Failure Disasters
Against Attacks - Biohazards, Riot Transportation/Utilities Winds, Earthquake,
Property, Major, Pandemic Crush Infrastructure Heat, Flood,
People Minor Collapse Rain Landslide
Public Safety
Public

11. So the public safety mission must face difficult questions

12. Challenges fall into common categories
Transparency and Rising citizen
accountability expectations
Fragmented Continuing budget
information pressures
Global security Need for high
threats performance

13. But the need for continuing focus is clear
66% of people 18,000 Homicides $943 per person
According to the British In the US, using Iowa State In Canada the tangible social
Crime Survey 66% of University's methodology, the and economic cost of crime
adults believe crime has 18,000 plus homicides recorded in was $31.4 billion, or $943
risen nationally in the past in 2007 would cost roughly $300 for each man, woman and
few years billion child in the country.
$3 Million $3.4 Billion $778 Billion
What a male teenager In New Zealand, government The American Academy of
heading towards a life spending on police, corrections Actuaries disclosed that a
of crime will cost and justice has roughly future large terrorist attack in
society doubled to $3.4 billion in the New York City could result in
past 14 years, adjusted for $778 billion in insured losses.
inflation - with little overall
effect on crime
13

14. A more holistic view of public
safety is emerging
Perception of safety is essential to the health,
Vibrancy and economic trajectory of a city
The “smarter city” can transform data into
actionable insight to build a safer, more efficient,
more accountable and desirable place.
Securing public safety in the 21st century requires a
concerted, extended, collaborative effort between businesses,
governments and individual citizens. That carries implications
for many policy and operational areas.

15. Which will need rich integration and analytics capabilities
across a fragmented information landscape
Call centres Public health Transportation
Firefighting
Buildings
Emergency medical
services
Regional, national,
Scattered information, international links
Policing difficult interoperability,
many potential linkages
and opportunities Justice
Cyber security
Corrections
Critical infrastructure
Welfare, social services
Borders Education

16. By developing key competencies, public safety agencies
can create a safer, more desirable environment
Unified threat
assessment
Proactive and response
planning and with cross
decision agency
Responder making, using collaboration
operational analytics for
insight through prediction and
interoperability prevention
Improved
and
situational
streamlining
awareness
Robust, varied information
through access
information provision
to common,
from a diverse trusted
set of physical information
and digital
sources and
providers Leveraging information Anticipating problems to Coordinating resources and
to make better decisions resolve them proactively processes to operate effectively

17. Analytics, collaboration and information sharing enable
interconnections across systems to improve outcomes
Easing traffic Lower crime
congestion improves increases use of
emergency response public
transit
Liaising with Better incident
social services management lowers
enables early civilian casualties
intervention

18. Analytics and collaboration will be force multipliers
Video Analytics Advanced Analytics
Predictive Analytics Identity Analytics
Content Analytics Collaborative Case
Management
Social Network Analytics Information Sharing and
Resource Coordination

19. Identity analytics…
Identity Threat and fraud detection that establishes unique identity,
Insight discovers obvious and non-obvious relationships and monitors
events in light of that situational awareness.
Delivers culturally-relevant name analysis for individuals
Global Name Recognition
and businesses with patented search and scoring
capabilities.
Inter-agency information sharing that discovers common
Anonymous Resolution identities and relationships while maintaining privacy and
security by anonymizing PII.
20

20. Content analytics…
Display Entities
Name
Location
Organization
Registration

21. Deeper language analytics…
Language Segmentation Normalization Classification Disambiguation Relationship
Identification Extraction
EOB = end of business support = noun (not verb)
Fuzzy matching Rules
Spelling correction, approx. lookup, Regular expressions, parsing,
complete / completes / tank = vehicle (not container)
hyphenation grammars completed / …
IBM Offering
Company Questions
Date Person
Marie,
I have a LanguageWare RFP to complete for Acme Corp. by EOB Friday. We are presenting UIMA, WebSphere Portal, and
LanguageWare as the key components of the solution. To deliver this soln. we need LW support for creation of custom annotators,
especially for named-entity recognition. DJ and Alex mentioned that you were adding parsing to LW and were merging James Luke's
Swallow with LW Workbench. When will this be ready for customers? Also, could you provide software services as part of this RFP as
the customer will need support in creating custom annotator
Alex, DJ, Thomas, and Marie
Acme Corp. request “know each other”.
LanguageWare as part of RFP
Swallow and
LanguageWare merging
English
07/08/2012

23. Predictive analytics…
Statistics drive confidence in your results and decisions
Modeling brings repeatability to ongoing decision making
Deployment maximizes the impact of analytics in your operation
Fire assigns inspection resources based on risk rather than time
EM predicts weather and highlights likely flood incidence earlier
Police pinpoint hotspots, drive significant reductions in certain crimes
Border Protection optimizes resource allocation for secondary search
24 24

24. Video analytics can help create safer urban environments
Capture Analyze Decide Act
Cameras Coordination center Responding agencies
Response
Real-time alerts
event
Sensor
Analyze & Operational
index
dashboard
Searchable Event search / Investigative
pattern analysis analysis
video index
25

25. Continuing to advance video analytics capability
Abandoned package detection
Clothing color search – single, multiple
Crowd monitoring – estimation, activity
Tunnel entering, hatch opening
detection
Edge of platform activity
Falling onto tracks
Walking on tracks
Level crossing blocking

26. Social media analytics…
Listen, measure and analyze social media
performance to more effectively:
Enhance service Understand citizens needs to target new services cost-
effectively through different social media channels
outcomes
Evaluate reputation and make evidence-based decisions
Improve citizen
that target the right stakeholders at the right time
relationships
Faster awareness of trends, respond more quickly
Gain early insight with insight into potential problems, gather intelligence
from a major new open source
Create Relationships. Build Advocacy. Improve Awareness.

27. People are changing how
they ask for help

28. Citizens are using
different channels
to participate

29. Yellow Button

30. Citizens
• Infrastructure sensors
• Plans and schedules
• Open city data Yellow • Citizen
Button sensor data
Local
Community
Government Services Data
Models
Planning and operational
decision making Daily life decision support
Solution
Crime/theft analysis Developers Local travel analysis

31. Help through social media –
expected response?

32. The converse of social media
benefits
tac

33. In-motion streams vs traditional analytics…
Stream
Analytics
In-Motion Ultra Low
Analytics Latency
Non-Traditional /
Results
Non- Relational
Data Sources
Traditional /
Relational Data
Traditional Sources
At-Rest Data Results
Analytics Database Analytics
35

34. Better, timelier, trusted information
Real time crime center – founded on a crime
information warehouse - in NYPD joins and
analyses billions of records from multiple
sources.
“It used to take us days to find a number or an
address. Now we send stuff to detectives who
are literally standing in the blood”.
fire

35. Secure mobile access
Connecting mobile police officers
to border crossing and visa
systems to help comply with
Schengen.
supply

36. • With traditional policing practices unable to 30% reduction in serious crime overall,
thwart a rising rate of criminal activity and including a 37% reduction in crime in one
budgets tight, the Memphis Police targeted area
Department pioneered a way to focus their 15% reduction in violent crime
patrol resources more intelligently.
4x increase in the share of cases solved in
the MPD’s Felony Assault Unit, from 16
percent to nearly 70 percent
Overall improvement in the ability to allocate
• Using analytics and geospatial tools, helping to police resource in a budget-constrained fiscal
recognize crime trends as they are happening, environment
MPD’s predictive capability enables precinct
commanders to change their tactics and redirect “The solution has allowed us to take a new look and
their patrol resources to more effectively and gain a totally different perspective on the data
proactively deal with crime. that we've always had.”
Jim Harvey, Deputy Chief of Administrative Services, Memphis Police
Department

37. Hertfordshire maximized resources and decreased crime by
collaborating and integrating data
Hertfordshire 10% increase in detections
By integrating data from various public sector agencies and across jurisdictions,
Hertfordshire Constabulary increased the value of their intelligence enabling
them to maximize resources in the face of tightening budgets and decrease the
crime rate.
“IBM helped us
Do more with less by sharing data and
develop a collaborative
collaborating to create a richer, more
and integrated
approach to solving cohesive picture of intelligence
crimes that has helped
us increase public Decrease time spent on investigations Crime Fire Graffiti Social
satisfaction, decrease by centralizing data so all teams are
the crime rate and working off the same intelligence
maximize our
resources.” Better brief executives and officers
with easy to understand vizualisation

38. Centralised command and control
across different elements of
response
Madrid’s Integrated Security and
Emergency Management Centre
provides a unified view of
complexity, reduces response
time, connects first responders of
all kinds – in the pursuit of
effective response and prevention.

39. Improved collaboration for
preparedness
Provincial Disaster
Management and Emergency
Operations Centre, providing
a real time common operating
picture, and interoperability
across metro emergency
management operations and
public safety departments
rio

40. Centralised preparedness and
management
Rio de Janeiro operations
centre, developed to deal with
flooding, will incorporate other
city safety functions

41. Improved fire safety
Collect and share real time data on building
inspections, link with maintenance databases…
use predictive analytics to move to risk-based
inspection… provide firefighters with up to date
information where and when they need it

42. Improving water infrastructure
The District of Columbia Water
and Sewer Authority is
modernizing the management of
the aging water and sewer
infrastructure of the city, using
advanced analytics, asset
management software, and
geospatial mapping applications.
food

43. Protecting cyberspace
From a municipality of 6000
people in upstate New York,
attackers tried to steal four
million dollars. Half a million
dollars are still missing.
Cities themselves are in the
firing line of cyber-crime.
ark.cleverley@us.ibm.com

44. Better situational awareness
Cities are deploying cameras,
microphones, building control
systems – across public and
private sectors – that can be
brought together to help achieve
the public safety mission.
fire

45. More broadly - analytics can drive insight to help inform and
manage all the operations and decisions of the city
• Leave a legacy
• Spend public funds responsibly
• Achieve specific outcomes from all agencies, departments and workgroups
• Tie together mission, operational and financial performance

46. Bring together large volumes and varieties of data to derive new,
actionable insights in many areas
Multi-channel customer sentiment
and experience a analysis
Detect life-threatening
conditions at hospitals in time
to intervene
Predict weather patterns to plan
optimal wind turbine usage, and
optimize capital expenditure on
asset placement
Make risk decisions based on real-
time transactional data
Identify criminals and threats from
disparate video, audio, and data
feeds

47. Shared analytics capabilities – an intelligent operations centre
Event Management
Incident Escalation
City at a glance
Video Analytics
And other solution
Connections
Workflow Management

48. “Gentlemen, we have
run out of money.
Now we must think”.
ark.cleverley@us.ibm.com

49. “Smarter” public safety – three key elements
Instrumented Interconnected Intelligent
Capture, collect, report, Securely and appropriately Use powerful analytics to derive
distribute information from integrate information and actionable insight and execute
where and to where and communicate across broader through a common operational
when it is needed sets of stakeholders picture
instrumented