Polyherbal Formulations for Diabetes
Prof. Dr. Basavaraj K. Nanjwade. M.Pharm., Ph.D.
Department of Pharmaceutics
KLE University College of Pharmacy
Belgaum, Karnataka , India
E-mail: bknanjwade@yahoo.co.in
Cell No: 00919742431000

Graphical Abstract
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Introduction
• Plant formulation and combined extracts of plants are used a
drug of choice rather than individual. Various herbal
formulations such as diamed, coagent db, Diasulin, and
hyponidd, are well known for their antidiabetic effects.
• Polyherbal formulation of Annona squamosa and Nigella
sativa is composed of medicinal plants (Table 1), which are
traditionally used for antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic
activity. The present investigation was undertaken to study the
effect of the polyherbal formulation of Annona sqamosa and
Nigella sativa on lipidperoxidation and tissue lipid profile in
streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
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Research Background
• Polyherbal formulation of Annona squamosa and Nigella
sativa on blood glucose, plasma insulin, tissue lipid profile,
and lipidperoxidation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Aqueous extract of Polyherbal formulation of Annona
squamosa and Nigella sativa was administered orally (200
mg/kg body weight) for 30 days.
• The different doses of Polyherbal formulation on blood
glucose and plasma insulin in diabetic rats were studied and
the levels of lipid peroxides and tissue lipids were also
estimated in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The effects
were compared with tolbutamide. Treatment with Polyherbal
formulation and tolbutamide resulted in a significant reduction
of blood glucose and increase in plasma insulin.
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Annona squamosa (Sugar–Apple)
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Nigella sativa
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Material and methods
• Animals
• Preparation of drug
• Chemicals
• Drug administration
• Streptozotocin-induced diabetes
• Experimental design
• Biochemical analysis
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Experimental design
• In the experiment, a total of 42 rats (30
diabetic surviving rats, 12 normal rats)
were used.
• The rats were divided into seven groups of
six rats each after the induction of
streptozotocin diabetes.
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Experimental design
• Group1: Normal treated rats
• Group 2:Normal rats given aqueous solution of Polyherbal
formulation (200 mg/kg body weight) daily using an
intragastric tube for 30 days.
• Group 3:Diabetic control rats.
• Group 4: Diabetic rats given aqueous solution of Polyherbal
formulation (50 mg/kg body weight) daily using an
intragastric tube for 30 days.
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Experimental design
• Group 5: Diabetic rats given aqueous solution of Polyherbal
formulation (100 mg/kg body weight) daily using an
intragastric tube for 30 days.
• Group 6: Diabetic rats given aqueous solution of Polyherbal
formulation (200 mg/kg body weight) daily using an
intragastric tube for 30 days.
• Group 7: Diabetic rats given aqueous solution of Tolbutamide
(250 mg/kg body weight) daily using an intragastric tube for
30 days.
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Biochemical analysis
• Estimation of blood glucose and plasma insulin
• Estimation of lipid peroxidation
• Estimation of lipids
i. Lipids
ii. For total cholesterol estimation
iii. Fro triglycerides estimation
iv. Phopholipids content
v. Free fatty acids
vi. Statistical analysis
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Table 1: Polyherbal Formulation of Annona Squamosa and
Nigella sativa (Composition and Concentration)
Sl. No Botanical Name Common
Name
Family Part
used
Conc.
1. Annona
squamosa
Sharifa Annonnacceae Mature
d fruits
50
2. Nigella sative Kalonji Ranunculaceae seeds 50
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Group Fasting blood glucose
(mg/dI)
Plasma insulin (IU/ml)
Normal 81.04 ± 2.29 11.26 ± 0.96
Diabetic control 262.24 ± 22.23 3.48 ± 0.69
Diabetic + Polyherbal
formulation (50 mg/kg)
209.58 ± 12.46 5.59 ± 0.34
Diabetic + Polyherbal
formulation (100 mg/kg)
155.58 ± 11.69 6.03 ± 0.45
Diabetic + Polyherbal
formulation (200 mg/kg)
104.16 ± 6.56 7.15 ± 0.45
Diabetic + Tolbutamide
(250 mg/kg)
110.65 ± 9.35 6.32 ± 0.48
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Table 2: Changes in blood glucose and plasma insulin
levels of control and experimental animals

Groups TBARS Hydroperoxide
Liver Kidney Liver Kidney
Normal 0.58 ± 0.066 0.68 ± 0.05 70.38 ± 4.54 55.34 ± 4.55
Diabetic +
Polyherbal
formulation
(200 mg/kg)
0.56 ± 0.079 0.78 ± 0.06 68.59 ± 5.14 52.48 ± 4.75
Diabetic
control
1.54 ± 0.06 1.65 ± 0.12 99.98 ± 5.98 78.29 ± 4.58
Diabetic +
Polyherbal
formulation
(200 mg/kg)
0.64 ± 0.053 0.97 ± 0.07 80.55 ± 5.69 60.99 ± 4.78
Diabetic +
Tolbutamide
(250 mg/kg)
0.67 ± 0.088 1.02 ± 0.08 84.35 ± 5.45 62.45 ± 5.56
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Table 3: Changes in levels of TBARS and Hydroperoxides
in liver and kidney of control and experimental animals

Table 4: Changes in levels of cholestrol, free fatty acids, triglycerides
and phospholipids in liver of control and experimental animals
( mg/100g wet. tissue)
Groups Cholesterol Free fatty acids Triglycerides Phospholipids
Normal 335.44 ± 18.90 606.10 ± 1.76 344.50 ± 23.20 1598.00 ± 19.30
Normal +
Polyherbal
formulation
(200 mg/kg)
328.38 ± 5.74 601.93 ± 9.00 341.10 ± 21.00 1593.10 ± 24.10
Diabetic control 496.56 ± 13.10 921.60 ± 44.60 622.50 ± 18.80 1858.60 ± 18.70
Diabetic +
Polyherbal
formulation
(200mg/kg)
398.65 ± 17.54 769.16 ± 3.30 456.25 ± 17.30 1718.80 ± 14.40
Diabetic +
Tolbutamide
(250 mg/kg)
405.21 ± 9.79 802.80 ± 3.77 530.80 ± 35.70 1769.30 ± 17.60
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Groups Cholesterol Free fatty acids Triglycerides Phospholopids
Normal +
Polyherbal
formulation
(200 mg/kg)
372.08±8.28 432.51±1.60 278.75±14.60 1442.50±43.30
Diabetic control 546.90±23.80 743.00±5.70 501.10±34.10 2041.50±33.60
Diabetic+Polyher
bal formulation
(200 mg/kg)
435.20±12.18 556.80±8.50 382.90±9.28 1684.00±28.80
Diabetic+
Tolbutamide
(250 mg/kg)
449.90±13.49 600.30±3.40 438.66±39.30 1819.30±34.70
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Table 5: Changes in levels of cholestrol, free fatty acids, triglycerides
and phospholipids in kidney of control and experimental animals
( mg/100g wet. tissue)

Conclusion
• Polyherbal formulation of Annona squamosa and
Nigella sativa, exert a significant antihyperlipidemic.
This could be due to combined effect of Annona
squamosa and Nigella sativa. Hence the
antihyperlipidemic effect of polyherbal formulation
of Annona squamosa and Nigella sativa in particular
could be considered as of possible therapeutic value
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Liposomes
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– Spherical vesicles with a phospholipid bilayer
Hydrophilic
HydrophobicHydrophobic

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Liposome Preparation
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Liposome Preparation
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Liposome Preparation
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Lipid Peroxidation
• Most phospholipid liposomes contain
unsaturated acyl chains as part of their
molecular structure and susceptible to
oxidative degradation. It can be minimized by
the use of animal derived lipids like egg PC,
which has less saturated lipids, use of light
resistant containers, use of antioxidants are
useful in minimizing oxidation.
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Diabetic Current Research
• Mangifera indica(stem,fruits,etc) – Anacardiaceae – Mango
• Gossypiumherbaceum(flowers,etc ) – Malvaceae – Cotton
• Cocos nucifera(roots,etc) – Arecaceae – Coconut
• Lawsonia inermis(bark,etc) – Lythraceae - Mendhi
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My Research Group
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THANK YOUE-mail: bknanjwade@yahoo.co.in
Cell No: 0091 9742431000
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