Présentation de travail sur les alignements des données Biblissima au 5th Heloise Workshop par Eduard Frunzeanu et Régis Robineau (Madrid, 21/10/2015)

1. Biblissima’s Choices of Tools and Methodology
for Interoperability Purposes
Eduard FRUNZEANU
Régis ROBINEAU
Équipex Biblissima
http://biblissima-condorcet.fr
5th HÉLOÏSE WORKSHOP
Madrid, 19-21 October 2015

2. New technologies for a new library

3. Partners and challenges
Around 40 databases with DATA and IMAGES
codicology
catalography
manuscript transmission
Esprit
des
livres
(ENC)
Codicologia
(IRHT)
Bibale
(IRHT)
BnF
Archives
et
Manuscrits
Pinakes
(IRHT)
Reliures
(BnF)

4. Partners and challenges
Around 40 databases with DATA and IMAGES
iconography prosopography
Mandragore
(BnF)
IniBale
(IRHT)
textual corpora
Bibliothèque
Virtuelles
Humanistes
(CESR)
Prosopographie
des
inventaires
(MRSH
Caen)
BUDE
(IRHT)
Sermones
(CIHAM)

5. Solutions and tools to handle and build
interoperability of DATA & IMAGES
❖ Ontology (based on CIDOC-CRM and FRBRoo)
❖ Thesaurus/ Authority File (Ginco / BaseX)
❖ Viewer (Mirador)
❖ Semantic Web Application Framework (CubicWeb)

6. Building the Thesaurus / Authority File
• Thesaurus:
– Types of data:
• geographical names
• iconographical descriptors
• specialised terminology (codicology, palaeography)
• languages, etc.
• Standard / Tool: SKOS / Ginco
• Authority File:
– Types of data:
• persons and corporate bodies
• works
– Standard / Tool: XML-TEI / BaseX

7. Geographical Thesaurus
Types of geographical data:
• descriptors: geographical places identified in miniatures
(historical, disappeared, fictional, non-identified, current)
• places of origin: city or abbey where an item (manuscript or
printed work) was copied / edited / painted
• holding institutions: archives, libraries, museums
Structure and format of geographical data:
• hierarchical thesaurus or flat lists for the descriptors
• places of origin associated with the relevant provinces,
countries and geographical areas
• Country / City / Repository for the holding institutions

8. Starting point for Biblissima’s GeoThesaurus
2 datasets: Mandragore (BnF) & Initiale (IRHT)
Linked Data repositories & methods used for alignment:
• automatic alignment, checked & manually corrected, to
geonames.org , data.bnf.fr (Map Department & Rameau),
dbpedia.org
• manual alignment to specialised repositories: pleiades.stoa.org,
trismegistos.org, bibelwissenschaft.de
SKOS properties used to label the alignment and organise the
thesaurus: prefLabel, altLabel, broader, narrower, exactMatch,
closeMatch, relatedMatch

9. Hierarchical thesaurus in Mandragore (BnF)
Dewey
Classification
Administrative
division
(country &
department)
Physical
geography

10. Hierarchical thesaurus in Initiale (IRHT)

11. Hierarchy of Biblissima’s GeoThesaurus
I. General notions
II. Political geography (based on feature codes of Geonames)
A. Geographical areas (= Dewey classification)
1. Countries
a) Counties
(1) Cities
2. Ancient cities and provinces
III. Physical geography (based on feature codes of Geonames)
A. Continents B. Islands & Peninsulas C. Deserts & Oasis
D. Rivers, Lakes, Seas E. Mountains & Volcanos F. Forests & Parks
IV. Human constructions (based on feature codes of Geonames)
A. Monasteries B. Castles & palaces C. Religious sites
D. Bridges E. Towers & fortresses
V. Fictional places
VI. Non-identified places
VII. Disappeared places

12. Integrating a geographical thesaurus into
CubicWeb application used to build the
Biblissima portal
MNMT, OBS, RLG
Geonames feature codes

13. Record for a geographic place

14. Get access to the data via a cartographic representation
http://nossl.demo.logilab.fr/biblissima/descr-map

15. Administrative interface of Ginco platform
Hierarchy and structure of geographical terms

16. Ginco-Diff: thesaurus page
Thesaurus URI: http://data.biblissima.fr/thesaurus/page/ark:/43093/b6957cdd-bade-4373-b058-ca63680ee39b

17. Ginco-Diff: concept page
Concept URI: http://data.biblissima.fr/thesaurus/page/ark:/43093/359ed56c-3026-4323-8bef-73abd11d4b04

18. Authority File
Data about persons:
- Personal Name Heading
- Alternative Name Forms
- Gender
- Date of birth / death
- Place of birth / death
- Titles / Relators
- Works
- Alignments with linked data repositories: data.bnf.fr, viaf.org
Relationships between persons (to be modelled in the near
future):
- academic (master of / student of)
- genealogical (father of / husband of)
- institutional (friar of / member of)
- intellectual (translator of / copyist of / editor of / illuminator of)
- socio-cultural (dedicatee of / donor of / patron of / sponsor of)

19. Authority record in XML-TEI edited in XXE
framework

20. HTML page created from XML-TEI file
Identifier based on
the XML ID
Prosopographie des inventaires - Centre Michel de Boüard & MRSH de Caen

21. Other projects using XML-TEI / BaseX solution

22. Curate and enrich datasets
Operations:
• identify identical items with different graphical forms
• align with other linked data repositories:
– data.bnf.fr - dbpedia.org
– viaf.org - geonames.org
• extract complementary information
• dispatch the complementary information to the original datasets
Tools:
• OpenRefine
• GoogleXML
• PHP scripts

23. OpenRefine: alignment with open source
linked data repositories

24. OpenRefine: clustering based on the
similarity of character strings

25. OpenRefine: clustering based on data.bnf.fr
URIs

26. OpenRefine: clustering based on VIAF IDs

27. SPARQL query to retrieve the personal name
heading for an author via data.bnf.fr/sparql
Alignment
of
the
database
graphical
form
Abbo
Floriacensis
=
hLp://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12584637x

28. SPARQL query to retrieve alternative forms of
an author’s name via data.bnf.fr/sparql
Alignment
of
the
database
graphical
form
Abbo
Floriacensis
=
hLp://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12584637x

29. SPARQL query to retrieve URIs from other
linked data repositories
Alignment
of
the
database
graphical
form
Abbo
Floriacensis
=
hLp://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12584637x

30. SPARQL queries applied to an entire set of
data

31. Retrieve the personal name heading for an
author

32. Retrieve the variant forms for an author’s name

33. Extract URIs from other linked data
repositories

34. Retrieve other type of information
Biographical Note
Scientific works used for the
authority record

35. GoogleXML: extract information about an
author from HTML code

36. GoogleXML: identify the appropriate tags

37. Apply a GoogleXML formula to retrieve
alternative name forms

38. GoogleXML: extract geographical coordinates
(decimal degrees) from HTML code

39. GoogleXML: identify the appropriate tags

40. Apply a GoogleXML formula

41. PHP script
• Input (CSV): list of places aligned with data.bnf
URIs
Get lat/long (Sparql query in the loop):
SELECT
?concept
?spatialThing
?long
?lat
WHERE
{
?concept
skos:closeMatch
<".$uri.">
.
?concept
foaf:focus
?spatialThing
.
?spatialThing
geo:long
?long
.
?spatialThing
geo:lat
?lat
.
}
• Output (CSV): source data enriched with
latitude/longitude coordinates

42. Using technical solutions to build a prototype
based on Initiale & Mandragore data
demos.biblissima-­‐condorcet.fr/prototype/
One of the prototype’s main objectives: to build interoperability between two datasets
from the iconographical databases Initiale (IRHT) and Mandragore (BnF)

43. Aligning different forms of a name
• Titus Livius / Database Mandragore (BnF) http://mandragore.bnf.fr
hLp://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11886799m

44. Aligning different forms of a name
• Livius / Database Initiale (IRHT) http://initiale.irht.cnrs.fr
hLp://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11886799m

45. Find relevant results for data from two
different datasets in the same interface
IniBale
Mandragore

46. Find relevant results in a web search engine
by searching the URI
BnF
Biblissima
=
Titus
Livius

47. New visualisation tools to enhance research
Introducing Mirador:
• IIIF-compatible web viewer (Shared Canvas / OA)
• Zoom, compare, annotate, share
• multi-window workspace, cross-repository
(interoperability)
iiif.ioprojectmirador.org

48. Autograph handwriting and personal identity
Mirador and its potential uses:
• Trace, identify and index an author’s personal annotations. Ex.:
Marginalia by Florus of Lyon on St Petersburg, National Library of Russia,
Lat.F.papyr. I.1, b (annotated in Mirador)

49. Autograph handwriting and personal identity
Mirador and its potential uses:
• Create a database of autographs in order to better identify
scribes and writers
Note about an
autograph letter
by Jean Hervin in
the manuscript
Paris, BnF
Français 17708, f.
210r

50. Autograph handwriting and personal identity
BnF Français 17708, f. 210r, annotated in Mirador viewer:
http://demos.biblissima-condorcet.fr/mirador/?json=56241541e4b01190df3c263d

51. Stylistic features and personal identity
Mirador and its potential uses:
Compare stylistic features to better identify artists (e.g. Willem
Vrelant in Initiale)
Paris, Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève,
ms. 0811, f. 005
Reddition de Valenciennes à Herman,
comte de Mons
Attribution: Willem Vrelant (entourage)
Paris, Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève,
ms. 0809, f. 317
Siège de Mayence par les Romains
Attribution: Willem Vrelant (entourage)

53. Restoring the relationship between an artistic
work and its textual context
The interpretation of a miniature is dependent on the original
textual context.
However, there are many damaged manuscripts:
• around 280 notes about cut miniatures in Initiale database
• very few of these cut miniatures have been located
Example: Châteauroux BM, ms. 5, Grandes Chroniques de France
http://demos.biblissima-condorcet.fr/chateauroux/

54. What’s next?
• Integrate all partner databases using a common XML
format to simplify the ingestion of data into the CubicWeb
application
• Integrate the Mirador viewer within the web portal (with
new functionalities)
• Enhance the search engine and navigation within the portal
• Propose new visual representations of data