1. Yellow Rust in CWANA in 2010-2011
“The Situation and Measures
Taken”
K. Nazari, D. Hodson, M. Hovmoller
k.nazari@cgiar.org
INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE DRY AREAS (ICARDA), ALEPPO, SYRIA
2011 BGRI TECHNICAL WORKSHOP, MN, JUNE 13-16, 2011
2. Highly Diverse
&
Challenging Region
Yellow Rust in CWANA in 2010-2011
“The situation and Measures Taken”
CWANA
Kumarse Nazari
k.nazari@cgiar.org
INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE DRY AREAS (ICARDA), ALEPPO, SYRIA
Population: >1 Billion people
2011 BGRI Technical Workshop, JUNE 13-16, 2011
3. More than 50 m ha of wheat production in CWANA
25% of the total global wheat areas fall in CWANA
4. Epidemiological Factors
Conducive environmental conditions
Genetic similarity of Mega-cultivar (Yr9 and Yr27)
and susceptibility of genotypes and susceptible
varieties (Turkey=Gerek, Iran= Sardari, Morocco=
Akhtar,..)
Means of transportation factors
▪ west-east wind movement and human
Overlapping/ continues cropping system
Widespread of alternate host and wheat wild
relatives
5.
6. Wide spread of new Yr race: Yr27 virulence race in southern part
Cool and humid weather in warm area
Yellow rust epidemic, Darab, Dezful and Ilam, Kurdistan,
Kermanshah 2007-2010
7. Early infection foci
Yellow rust epidemic Akhtar cv-Morocco 2009
(Ezzahiri et al., 4th RYRC-Turkey)
15. 2009 2010
Testet/ cultivar Yr-GENE Tel Hadya HASSAKEH MALKIEH ALEPPO DIRE AL ZOR
YR1/6*Avocet S Yr1 R R R R R
YR6/6*Avocet S Yr6 S S S S S
YR7/6*Avocet S Yr7 S S S S S
YR8/6*Avocet S Yr8 R S S S S
YR9/6*Avocet S Yr9 S S S S S
YR27/6*Avocet S Yr27 R S S S S
Ciano 79 Yr27 R S S S S
ATTILA-50Y Yr27+? R S S S S
OPATA 85 Yr27+Yr18 R S S S S
Cham 1 DW R R R R R
Cham 4 BW R S S S S
Cham 6 BW R S S S S
Cham 8 BW R S S S S
Morocco BW S S S S S
16. Race analyses of P. striiformis from wheat 2010, GRRC, Aarhus Uni.
Global Rust Reference Center,
Aarhus University
17. International Wheat Yellow Rust Trap Nursery
– International Yellow rust Trap Nursery
– Yellow rust differential cultivars
– Yellow rust Avocet Near Isogenic Lines (NILs)
– Known cultivars for APR genes
– Commercial cultivars in CWANA
– 76 location in 28 countries
– Virulence for Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, YrA and Yr31 is fixed in all
locations.
– Yr5 and Yr15 are effective in all locations
– Virulence for Yr9 and Yr25 was very common
– Virulence on Yr1, Yr8, Yr10. Yr17, Yr18, Yr24, and Yr27 was
varied
– Frequency and distribution of virulence forYr27 is increasing very
rapidly