2. Method of hand print
Etching=
The artist draws with a needle on to a copper, zinc or
steel plate that has been covered with an acid
resistant wax. When the plate is immersed in acid,
the bare metal, exposed by the lines of the drawing,
is eroded. The depth of the `etch’ is controlled by the
amount of time the acid is allowed to `bite’ the metal.
The longer in acid, the deeper the line and the darker
it will print.
Advantage=Many circuits can be etched at once
Disadvantage=circuit needs to be updated
3. Screen printing
Method=
1.Mesh is stapled to a
wooden or metal frame
2.Masking tape stuck
around underside of the
screen
3.Stencil design cut
4.Stencil placed under
frame but above paper
5.Line of ink placed at one
end of screen
6.Use squeegee to draw ink
across screen, pressing firmly
6.Carefully lift screen
7.Evaluate and repeat
Advantages
The screen printing process affords
one the opportunity to print images
and text on a variety of promotional
items. Unlike other printmaking
techniques, such as intaglio or
relief, screen printing allows many
prints to be created before a
reapplication of ink is necessary, which
makes screen printing very useful
commercially.Disadvantages
Images for screen printing have to be
simple in design and reduced to
definite lines or shapes that will print
well. While screen frames are durable,
and can be reused many times, they
can eventually become warped and
uneven. Most hand-stencils are very
fragile and break down faster than
emulsion-based processes.
4. lithography
Lithography is used for medium and long print runs
of products such as magazines, posters, packaging
and books.
Advantage=it is very fast and it is cheap and
produces good clear images
Disadvantage=it cannot produce very highquality
prints.
5. linocut
Linocut printing is a process of a type of
woodcut in which a sheet of
linoleum, floor covering to be used for the
upper surface.
Advantage=product that has a soft
surface in which it can then be cut with
ease
Disadvantage=the cost of producing rag
based papers is a high expense.
6. mechanical
Letterpress=This is a form of relief printing.
In relief printing, the parts to be printed
are raised up from the base plate.
Letterpress printing can be used to
produce both type and illustrations. It is
used for small printing jobs such as
business cards and stationery.
7. Woodcut
This is when which an image is carved into
the surface of a block of wood, with the
printing parts remaining level with the
surface while the non-printing parts are
removed.
Advantages=it is cheap to buy
8. Screen process
Screen printing was around in 1910, A squeegee is
pulled across the screen and ink enters the open
areas to create an impression of the image on
another surface.
Advantage=allows many prints to be created
before a reapplication of ink is necessary
Disadvantage=Images for screen printing have to
be simple in design
9. gravure
With gravure printing an image is etched on the
surface of a metal plate or cylinder so that the
image you want to print is in the recesses or
depressions not the raised part of the plate (unlike
relief printing where the image is raised).
The main advantage of gravure printing is in long-
runs and quality. Gravure printing is disadvantaged
in short runs
11. Photocopying
Photocopying is a process of machine to make
paper copies.
An advantage is that a paper or document can be
easily copied and a disadvantage is that it can aid
in fraudulent document creation.
12. Laser printing
Laser printing is an electrostatic digital printing process that
rapidly produces high quality text and graphics by passing a
laser beam over a charged drum to define a differentially
charged image.
Advantages and disadvantages they print on their own
without needing to be watched. This is the highest quality type
of printer on in the home consumer market. The disadvantage
is that it cannot perform duplicate printing functions and is a
more costly unit overall.
13. inkjet
Inkjet printing is a type of computer printing that
creates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink
onto paper, plastic, or other substrates.
advantage is they are cheap to buy. And most of
them you can either refill the cartridges or connect
a continuous ink system to avoid the high cost of
new cartridges.
Disadvantage is they need special papers to give
best resolution.
14. Desktop publishing
desktop publishing is the process of using
the computer and specific types of
software to combine text and art work to
produce documents properly formatted
for print, Web
