The document discusses using the concept of "zoom" as a framework for Linked Open Data (LOD). It describes how zoom has been used successfully in digital maps and images to allow users to see varying levels of detail. It proposes that semantic zoom could be applied to LOD to allow users to view data at different levels of semantic completeness and amount of information. Some open questions are also raised about how semantic zoom could best be applied to improve the usability of LOD.
23. Zoom
as
a
Conceptual
Framework
for
LOD
robert.
sanderson
@yale.edu
@azaroth42
@w3c.social
IIIF API Design Principles
1. Scope design through shared use cases
2. Design for international use
3. As simple as possible, but no simpler
4. Make easy things easy, complex things possible
5. Avoid dependency on specific technologies
6. Use REST / Don’t break the web
7. Separate concerns, keep APIs loosely coupled
8. Design for JSON-LD, using LOD principles
9. Follow existing standards & best practices, when possible
10. Define success, not failure (for extensibility)
https://iiif.io/api/annex/notes/design_principles/, https://linked.art/api/1.0/principles/
31. Zoom
as
a
Conceptual
Framework
for
LOD
robert.
sanderson
@yale.edu
@azaroth42
@w3c.social
Linked Art
A metadata profile and API, collaboratively designed to
work across cultural heritage organizations, that is easy to
publish and enables a variety of consuming applications.
Design Principles:
• Focused on Usability, not 100% precision / completeness
• Consistently solves actual challenges from real data
• Development is iterative, as new use cases are found
• Solve 90% of use cases, with 10% of the effort
https://linked.art/
33. Zoom
as
a
Conceptual
Framework
for
LOD
robert.
sanderson
@yale.edu
@azaroth42
@w3c.social
• Conceptual Model (cidoc-crm)
• Abstract way to think about the world,
holistically, consistently and coherently
• Ontology (cidoc-crm, linked art)
• Shared set of terms to encode that thinking
in a logical, machine-actionable way
• Vocabulary (aat)
• Curated set of sub-domain specific terms,
to make the ontology more concrete
encodes
refines
Model
Ontology
Vocabulary
Standards: Conceptual Layer
60. Zoom
as
a
Conceptual
Framework
for
LOD
robert.
sanderson
@yale.edu
@azaroth42
@w3c.social
Semantic Zoom – Trust Framework?
• Accuracy: Does the data represent the real world?
• Certainty: Belief of the publisher about accuracy
• Utility: Belief of the audience that the data fulfils their need
• Confidence: Belief of the audience in the competence of
the publisher
• Trust: Belief of the audience in the future benevolence of
the publisher
65. Zoom
as
a
Conceptual
Framework
for
LOD
robert.
sanderson
@yale.edu
@azaroth42
@w3c.social
Semantic Zoom – Trust Framework?
Can we zoom out from individual assertions that may not be
trustworthy to the level at which the data is able to be
trusted, for the purposes of the audience?
If we trust at one zoom level, do we then assume trust at all
higher zoom levels?
Does amount of information and semantic completeness play
different roles in what is trusted?
66. Zoom
as
a
Conceptual
Framework
for
LOD
robert.
sanderson
@yale.edu
@azaroth42
@w3c.social
Conclusions: Zoom and Usability
• Usability of Linked Data by developers is necessary for
adoption and sustainability
• Semantic Completeness should not (always) be our goal
• By applying design principles for APIs, we can improve the
usability of the model and ontology
• A “zoom” paradigm gives us opportunities to allow the user
to select the degree of completeness and amount of
information they want to be presented with
• And may help with other LOD challenges?