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SharedCanvas: A Collaborative Model
for Medieval Manuscript Layout Dissemination


                                  Robert Sanderson
                                       rsanderson@lanl.gov
                                       Los Alamos National Laboratory
                                  Benjamin Albritton
                                       Stanford University
                                  Rafael Schwemmer
                                       e-codices
                                  Herbert Van de Sompel
                                       Los Alamos National Laboratory

                                      http://www.shared-canvas.org/
                                  This research is funded, in part, by the
                                  Andrew W. Mellon Foundation



          SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model              1
                    JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Overview


•  Motivation

•  Requirements / Use Cases

•  Model by Example

•  Implementations

•  Conclusion




                 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   2
                           JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Motivation

Digitization of cultural heritage
   important
•  Less than 1% of known medieval
   documents digitized to date

Digital surrogates enable remote
   research
•  Improve preservation of original and
   surrogate
•  Enable collaboration via shared
   annotation



                            BNF f.fr 113, folio 1 recto


                     SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   3
                               JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Motivation

Innovation needed in modeling and
   rendering:
    •  Embrace the Graph

Innovation in storage and inter-linking:
    •  Embrace the Web

Desires:
•  Rich landscape of interconnected
   repositories
•  Improve efficiency through shared
   development

                Ms MurF: 10.5076/e-codices-kba-0003

                        SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   4
                                  JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Architectural Requirements


Goal:
•  Provide standardized input to presentation systems,
   to allow interoperability between manuscript repositories

Architectural Requirements:
•  Ability to model primarily textual items, where the individual
   physical instance is an important cultural object
•  Alignment of Images, Texts and Commentary per page
•  Services and Content distributed between institutions




                   SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   5
                             JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Domain Requirements

Working at physical item level
  provides unique challenges!

1. Only parts of pages may be
   digitized

•  Only illuminations digitized
•  Fragments of pages
•  Multiple fragments per
   image




                                                       Cod. Sang. 1394: 10.5076/e-codices-csg-1394


                     SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model                           6
                               JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Domain Requirements


2. Page may not be digitized at
   all

•  Not "interesting" enough                            This page intentionally,
•  Digitization destructive                              but unfortunately,
                                                              left blank
•  Page no longer exists
•  Page only hypothetical




                      SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model       7
                                JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Domain Requirements


3. Non-rectangular pages

•  Fashionable heart shaped
   manuscripts
•  Fragments
•  Pages with foldouts




                                                      Facsimile of BNF Rothschild 2973
                                           http://www.omifacsimiles.com/brochures/montchen.html

                    SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model                         8
                              JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Domain Requirements


4. Alignment of multiple
   images of same object

•  Multi-spectral imaging
•  Multiple resolutions
•  Image tiling
•  Microfilm vs photograph
•  Multiple digitizations




                                                         Archimedes Palimpsest Multi-Spectral Images
                                                            http://www.archimedespalimpsest.org/

                      SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model                            9
                                JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Domain Requirements


5. Multiple page orders over time
•  Rebinding
•  Scholarly disagreement on
   reconstruction


6. Different pages of the manuscript
   held by different institutions




                           Cod Sang 730: 10.5706/e-codices-csg-0730a


                     SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   10
                               JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Initial Approach: Transcribe Images Directly




But how to align multiple images, pages without images, fragments ???

                   SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   11
                             JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Canvas and Annotation Paradigm

•  A generic Canvas is an abstract space to build up a display
      •  HTML5, SVG, PDF, UI layout in software … even Powerpoint!

•  Our Canvas starts with no content, but has rectangular aspect ratio
     •  Top left/bottom right corner of canvas is equivalent corner of
        rectangular bounding box around page

•  Images and Text painted on to Canvas by distributed Annotation
     •  The Canvas is the Annotation's Target
     •  The Image/Text/Commentary is the Annotation's Body
     •  Both Body and Target support Segment descriptions:
          •  Fragments
          •  Extract page/line text from full transcription



                     SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   12
                               JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Canvas to Page Relationship




 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   13
           JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
OAC Annotations to Paint Images




   SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   14
             JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
OAC Annotations to Paint Text




  SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   15
            JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Transcription: M804




SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   16
          JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Transcription: M804




SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   17
          JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Fragments: Cod Sang 1394




 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   18
           JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Missing Pages: Parker CCC 286




   SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   19
             JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Repeated Zones: Frauenfeld Y 112




    SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   20
              JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
ORE Aggregations for Ordering




  SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   21
            JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Rebinding: BNF f.fr. 113-116




 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   22
           JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
SharedCanvas: Data Model




 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   23
           JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Implementations


Repository Side:
   •  Parker Library on the Web
       (Stanford)
   •  Roman de la Rose
       (JHU)
   •  e-codices

Tools:
    •  T-PEN
        (transcription tool)
    •  Digital MappaeMundi
        (annotation tool)




                     SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   24
                               JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Implementations


Client Side:

•  Flipbook integration for navigation
•  Djatoka for pan/zoom


Native implementation planned:

•  Graph navigation
•  Integratation of scholarly
annotations




                       SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   25
                                 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Conclusions
•  Distributed Canvas paradigm provides a coherent solution to
modeling the layout of medieval manuscripts
    •  Distributed Annotations across repositories for text, image and
    scholarly commentary
    •  Annotations at the heart of the model
         •  Thus: Collaboration at the heart of the model
    •  Granular accuracy, from resource to non-rectangular segment
    •  Multiple page orders and Discovery via Aggregations

•  Likely appropriate for non Medieval Manuscript applications
      •  Scrolls, Newspapers, Scientific papers, … ?

•  Brings the humanist's primary research objects to their desktop in a
powerful, extensible and interoperable fashion


                     SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model   26
                               JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
Thank You


                                         Robert Sanderson
                                             rsanderson@lanl.gov
                                             azaroth42@gmail.com
                                             @azaroth42


                                       Web:        http://www.shared-canvas.org/

                                       Paper: http://arxiv.org/abs/1104.2925

                                       Slides:               http://slidesha.re/xxxxxx


                         Acknowledgements
DMSTech Group:                     http://dmstech.group.stanford.edu/
Open Annotation Collaboration:         http://www.openannotation.org/

                    SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model            27
                              JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17

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SharedCanvas: A Collaborative Model for Medieval Manuscript Layout Dissemination

  • 1. SharedCanvas: A Collaborative Model for Medieval Manuscript Layout Dissemination Robert Sanderson rsanderson@lanl.gov Los Alamos National Laboratory Benjamin Albritton Stanford University Rafael Schwemmer e-codices Herbert Van de Sompel Los Alamos National Laboratory http://www.shared-canvas.org/ This research is funded, in part, by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 1 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 2. Overview •  Motivation •  Requirements / Use Cases •  Model by Example •  Implementations •  Conclusion SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 2 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 3. Motivation Digitization of cultural heritage important •  Less than 1% of known medieval documents digitized to date Digital surrogates enable remote research •  Improve preservation of original and surrogate •  Enable collaboration via shared annotation BNF f.fr 113, folio 1 recto SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 3 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 4. Motivation Innovation needed in modeling and rendering: •  Embrace the Graph Innovation in storage and inter-linking: •  Embrace the Web Desires: •  Rich landscape of interconnected repositories •  Improve efficiency through shared development Ms MurF: 10.5076/e-codices-kba-0003 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 4 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 5. Architectural Requirements Goal: •  Provide standardized input to presentation systems, to allow interoperability between manuscript repositories Architectural Requirements: •  Ability to model primarily textual items, where the individual physical instance is an important cultural object •  Alignment of Images, Texts and Commentary per page •  Services and Content distributed between institutions SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 5 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 6. Domain Requirements Working at physical item level provides unique challenges! 1. Only parts of pages may be digitized •  Only illuminations digitized •  Fragments of pages •  Multiple fragments per image Cod. Sang. 1394: 10.5076/e-codices-csg-1394 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 6 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 7. Domain Requirements 2. Page may not be digitized at all •  Not "interesting" enough This page intentionally, •  Digitization destructive but unfortunately, left blank •  Page no longer exists •  Page only hypothetical SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 7 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 8. Domain Requirements 3. Non-rectangular pages •  Fashionable heart shaped manuscripts •  Fragments •  Pages with foldouts Facsimile of BNF Rothschild 2973 http://www.omifacsimiles.com/brochures/montchen.html SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 8 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 9. Domain Requirements 4. Alignment of multiple images of same object •  Multi-spectral imaging •  Multiple resolutions •  Image tiling •  Microfilm vs photograph •  Multiple digitizations Archimedes Palimpsest Multi-Spectral Images http://www.archimedespalimpsest.org/ SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 9 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 10. Domain Requirements 5. Multiple page orders over time •  Rebinding •  Scholarly disagreement on reconstruction 6. Different pages of the manuscript held by different institutions Cod Sang 730: 10.5706/e-codices-csg-0730a SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 10 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 11. Initial Approach: Transcribe Images Directly But how to align multiple images, pages without images, fragments ??? SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 11 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 12. Canvas and Annotation Paradigm •  A generic Canvas is an abstract space to build up a display •  HTML5, SVG, PDF, UI layout in software … even Powerpoint! •  Our Canvas starts with no content, but has rectangular aspect ratio •  Top left/bottom right corner of canvas is equivalent corner of rectangular bounding box around page •  Images and Text painted on to Canvas by distributed Annotation •  The Canvas is the Annotation's Target •  The Image/Text/Commentary is the Annotation's Body •  Both Body and Target support Segment descriptions: •  Fragments •  Extract page/line text from full transcription SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 12 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 13. Canvas to Page Relationship SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 13 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 14. OAC Annotations to Paint Images SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 14 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 15. OAC Annotations to Paint Text SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 15 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 16. Transcription: M804 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 16 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 17. Transcription: M804 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 17 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 18. Fragments: Cod Sang 1394 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 18 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 19. Missing Pages: Parker CCC 286 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 19 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 20. Repeated Zones: Frauenfeld Y 112 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 20 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 21. ORE Aggregations for Ordering SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 21 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 22. Rebinding: BNF f.fr. 113-116 SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 22 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 23. SharedCanvas: Data Model SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 23 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 24. Implementations Repository Side: •  Parker Library on the Web (Stanford) •  Roman de la Rose (JHU) •  e-codices Tools: •  T-PEN (transcription tool) •  Digital MappaeMundi (annotation tool) SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 24 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 25. Implementations Client Side: •  Flipbook integration for navigation •  Djatoka for pan/zoom Native implementation planned: •  Graph navigation •  Integratation of scholarly annotations SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 25 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 26. Conclusions •  Distributed Canvas paradigm provides a coherent solution to modeling the layout of medieval manuscripts •  Distributed Annotations across repositories for text, image and scholarly commentary •  Annotations at the heart of the model •  Thus: Collaboration at the heart of the model •  Granular accuracy, from resource to non-rectangular segment •  Multiple page orders and Discovery via Aggregations •  Likely appropriate for non Medieval Manuscript applications •  Scrolls, Newspapers, Scientific papers, … ? •  Brings the humanist's primary research objects to their desktop in a powerful, extensible and interoperable fashion SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 26 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17
  • 27. Thank You Robert Sanderson rsanderson@lanl.gov azaroth42@gmail.com @azaroth42 Web: http://www.shared-canvas.org/ Paper: http://arxiv.org/abs/1104.2925 Slides: http://slidesha.re/xxxxxx Acknowledgements DMSTech Group: http://dmstech.group.stanford.edu/ Open Annotation Collaboration: http://www.openannotation.org/ SharedCanvas: Collaborative Medieval Manuscript Model 27 JCDL 2011, Ottawa, June 13-17