Amy Arambulo Negrette - Serverless Frenemies: Serverless Containers in Lambda and Fargate

twitter:nerdypaws | linkedin:/in/amycodes
Serverless Frenemies:
Lambda, Fargate, and
Serverless Containers

We’re going to talk about….
Functions as a Service.
Containers.
Serverless Containers.
And the pains of using someone else’s
computer.

Who am I?
Amy Arambulo Negrette
I build Serverless Applications.

It’s that time again…
What is serverless?

What is serverless?
Cloud-Native, service-based
application architecture.
OR
Using AWS Parts instead of
Building your own Parts.
What are the
benefits of
serverless?
 No Server Management
 Flexible Scaling
 Pay for Value
 Automated High
Availability

One more time…
There are servers in serverless!

How FaaS Works?
 Your code gets built into a
Container Image
 Initial Invocation builds a new
Cloud Managed Container from
the Image
 Every Subsequent Image spins
up a new Container
 Containers are destroyed once
all executions are complete

And that’s great!
Except when it’s not.

What is ELF?
The Executable and Linkable
Format is a common standard file
format for executable files, object
code, shared libraries, and core
dumps.
Or…
It’s a file format used for Binary
Files.

Bring Your Own Container
(Hypothetically speaking…)

Pros:
• All of your Dependencies
• Your Own Security
• Overall Control
Cons:
• No more Optimizations
• Responsible for the “Glue”
• More Work
What would we get?

 A Function-Ready Base Container
o A Runtime Supported by the CSP
o Required Middleware
 A CSP that can run this Container like a FaaS
o Horizontal Scaling
o Event-based Triggers
What do we need?

Is Fargate the Answer?

“AWS Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers
that works with both Amazon Elastic Container Service
(ECS) and Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS). Fargate
makes it easy for you to focus on building your applications.
Fargate removes the need to provision and manage servers,
lets you specify and pay for resources per application, and
improves security through application isolation by design.”
https://aws.amazon.com/fargate/

 Pay for Value
 Automated High Availability
How Serverless is it?

 Pay for Value
 Deploy a zipped deployment
package to Lambda via
CFN/SAM
 No Generic Lambda Container

 A Suite to deploy FaaS in
Kubernetes
 Custom Base Containers
 Deployable into Fargate
OpenFaas
 OpenFaaS Gateway (API
Gateway)
 FaaS-Fargate Provider
(Terraform)
 Prometheus Monitoring & Alerts
 NATS Messaging Server (OSS)

× No Server Management
 Pay for Value
 Deploy a zipped deployment
package to Lambda via
CFN/SAM
 No Generic Lambda Container
 A Base Image Library
#AWSWISHLIST

 Pay for Value
 Horizontal Scaling to 1,000 Concurrent Invocations
 Runtime Configuration Limits (15 min Timeout, 250
mb Deployment Package)
 No Default Autoscaling Policy

@nathankpeck offers a summary
of Containerization, how to use
Containers on AWS, and several
tools for standard practices to use
as quick starts or base templates.
Containers on AWS

× Flexible Scaling
 Pay for Value
 Horizontal Scaling to 1,000 Concurrent Invocations
 Runtime Configuration Limits (15 min Timeout, 250
mb Deployment Package)
 No Default Autoscaling Policy
 A FaaS Like Template
#AWSWISHLIST

× Flexible Scaling
? Pay for Value
 Automated High Availability
 Availability as a Managed AWS
Service
 Availability as a Managed AWS
Service

Previously… In this talk.

• Unpredictable Lambda Errors due to Missing
Dependencies
My Actual Problem:
• Loses ALL Runtime management, including messaging and
request features
• Taken responsibility of ALL infrastructure, including Networking
and Scaling
Fargate as a
Solution:

• Unpredictable Lambda Errors due to Missing
Dependencies
My Actual Problem:
• Creating a Custom Python Deployment Package using
Virtual Environments (And Serverless framework and
Docker)
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/python-package.html
My actual Solution:

I mean… That’s fine?

• I could re-use it!
• My Security Team could Bless it!
• I would know how it behaved BEFORE deployment
If I had a Container… (#awswishlist)

Fargate as a Solution …
to a completely different problem:
• Migrating from ECS to Serverless
• More expensive than ECS when not taking the EC2
Orchestrator into account
• Price comparisons should include the cost of the EC2

• How Lambda Works
• When Lambda Breaks
• How Fargate Works
• How Serverless is Fargate
Really?
What did we learn…
• When is Fargate the
Answer?

QUESTIONS?
You can also find me at:
awschicago.slack.com
midwestcommunityday.slack.com

Amy Arambulo Negrette - Serverless Frenemies: Serverless Containers in Lambda and Fargate

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