1. POL 140-o3
Spring 2016

5.  A broad coalition of individuals who:
 (1) Recruit, nominate, and elect candidates for office
 (2) Under a given label
 (3)To control the government
 (4) In accordance with their ideas and policies.

8.  Party-in-the-Electorate
 Loyalty and Identification with Party
 Party Identification (“PID”)
 What happens if someone has different views?
▪ Likert Scale
Strong
Lib
Weak
Lib
Lean
Lib
Mod
Lean
Cons
Weak
Cons
Strong
Cons

9.  Party Organization
 Party Officials, Committees,Volunteers, Staff
 Functions of Party Organizations
 Party-in-Government
 Officeholders and Candidates
 Local, State, National Levels
 Examples: President, Majority/Minority Leaders

11.  Intermediary Between Citizens and Govt.
 Bring PublicTogether to Accomplish Objectives
 Nominate Candidates for Office
 Contest Elections
 Mobilize Electorate; EncourageVoting
 Supporters, Undecided, Opposition

13.  Organize Government
 Provide Accountability
 Government Responsibility
 Importance of Party ID
 Retrospective (Past) and Prospective (Future)Voting
 Sincere and StrategicVoting
 Manage Conflict
 Reconciling Group Demands

15.  1912 Election: Bull Moose Party
 Teddy Roosevelt broke from Republicans
 Split GOP vote; DemocratWilson wins
 1948 Election: Dixiecrat Party
 StromThurmond broke from Dems over civil rights
and anti-segregation views
 1992 Election: Reform Party
 Ross Perot,TX billionaire, ran on budget platform
 Participated in major debate b/c of support

20. MAURICE DUVERGER DUVERGER’S LAW
 Two parties emerge in countries
with simple plurality vote
 Example: Election with 100 voters
 Candidate A received 49% of vote
 Candidate B receives 26% of vote
 Candidate C receives 25% of vote
 Candidates B and C will work
together over time to defeat A,
producing two parties

23. DonaldTrump Marco Rubio

28.  Regional support for the parties change
 Social groups supporting the parties change
 New groups of citizens are mobilized and
become part of electorate
 Voters change not just which party they vote for,
but also the party that they identify with
 Realignments are typically caused by new
issues that divide citizens

31. Hamilton and
Jefferson both
served in
Washington’s
cabinet.
Despite being
influential to
our founding,
they had
different
conceptions
concerning
government.

33.  Presidential electors now popularly elected
 Property qualifications for voting dropped
 Voter turnout increased dramatically
 “King Caucus” replaced by nominating
conventions

34. The Whigs formed in opposition to
Jackson’s presidency and policies.

35. Racial issues
and sectional
strife in the
1850s divided
the North and
South in
America.
This resulted in theThird Party System—
and the birth of the Republican Party

37. The Whig party dissolved at this point. It could not survive the slavery
issue while also grappling with the anti-slavery Republican party.

38. Rise of Political
Machines, including
Tweed’sTammany Hall.
The
Australian
or Secret
Ballot was
adopted to
counteract
party
machines.

40. Standard Oil
Company,
John D.
Rockefeller

41.  Beginning of Republican Dominance
From L to R:
Presidents
Warren G.
Harding,
Calvin
Coolidge,
and Herbert
Hoover.

43. The “New Deal Coalition” helped FDR win election.
The “New Deal” was the name given to various
social welfare programs passed during his administration.

45.  Changes Regarding Ideology and Party ID
 African-Americans: Republican  Democrat
 White Southerners: Democrat  Republican
 Rise of candidate-centered system
 Rise of Third-Party Candidates
 Defined by intense partisanship and gridlock