Sir Edwin Lutyens was a British architect known for designing New Delhi when India was still part of the British Empire in the 1920s-1930s. Some of his most notable designs for New Delhi include India Gate, Rashtrapati Bhavan, and the city's central administrative area. Lutyens designed the city based on classical principles of symmetry, order and balance. However, his initial plan of gridded streets had to be modified on recommendations to incorporate roundabouts, trees and gardens to protect against dust storms. While Lutyens' designs for New Delhi were praised for their grandeur and integration of nature, little attention was paid to the existing city of Old Delhi, which led to overcrowding problems there
2. BIOGRAPHY
British architect who is known for imaginatively
adapting traditional architectural styles to the
requirements of his era.
In recognition of his contribution, New Delhi is
also known as "Lutyens' Delhi". In collaboration
with Sir Herbert Baker, he was also the main
architect of several monuments in New Delhi
such as the India Gate, he also designed
Viceroy's House, which is now known as
the Rashtrapati Bhavan.
Lutyens' Delhi is an area in New Delhi,
Delhi, India, named after the leading British
architect Edwin Lutyens (1869–1944), who
was responsible for much of the
architectural design and building when
India was part of the British Empire in the
1920s and 1930s. This also includes the
Lutyens Bungalow Zone (LBZ).
3. LUTYEN’S PRINCIPLES
• Lutyens' controlling sense of proportion and
organizational principles eventually led him to
explore the harmony, strength, and repose of
classical design.
• Characterized by a highly controlled use of form
and mass, apparent adherence to rules of
Classical proportioning and the sparing use of
symbolic Classical motifs
• Counter to the romantic, rambling plans of his
earlier houses, Lutyens increasingly began to
incorporate a strong sense of balance, symmetry,
and order in his designs.
• Lutyens viewed the manipulation and
organization of the classical vocabulary as a great
intellectual game to be played by the architect to
create unique, individual designs.
• His first exercise in this Neo-Classical idiom came
with the commission for Heathcoate, Ilkley,
Yorkshire (completed in 1906). Here the plan is
strictly symmetrical—a large central block with
two rectangular side wings.
4. MAJOR WORKS
-IRISH NATIONAL WAR MUSEUM GARDEN
-DESIGN OF NEW DELHI
-INDIA GATE ,
-RASHTRAPATHI BHAVAN ,INDIA
-CAMPION HALL,EXFORD
5. IRISH NATIONAL WAR MEMORIALGARDEN
• Designed by the great memorialist
Sir Edwin Lutyens who had already
landscaped designed several sites in
Ireland and around Europe.
• The sunken Garden of Remembrance
surrounds a Stone of Remembrance of
Irish granite symbolising an altar, which
weighs seven and a half tons.
• The dimensions of this are identical to
First World War memorials found
throughout the world, and is aligned with
the Great Cross of Sacrifice and central
avenue.
• The sunken Garden of Remembrance
surrounds a Stone of Remembrance of
Irish granite symbolising an altar, which
weighs seven and a half tons.
8. Lutyens had initially designed
Delhi with all the streets
crossing at right angles, much
like in New York.
However, Lord Hardinge told him
of the dust storms that sweep the
landscape in these parts,
insisting on roundabouts, hedges
and trees to break their force,
giving him the plans of Rome,
Paris and Washington to study
and apply to Delhi.
The Initial Design Of New Delhi
9.
10. FEATURES
1.The plan reflects Lutyens’ “transcendent fervour for geometric
symmetry,” which is expressed through amazing sequences of triangles
and hexagons, through sightlines and axes.
2. Lutyens’ plan is also remarkable
for the generous green spaces,
lawns, watercourses, flower and
fruit-bearing trees, and their
integration with the parks developed
around monuments.
3. The attempt was to include all
natural and historical wonders in
the new city.
11. The Road Network
Besides the major Pathway,
there were extremely wide
avenues. The original
design of the road network
was capable of
accommodating 6000
vehicles, however these
avenues, had the potential
of increasing their
carriageway-the reason why
the road layout has survived
till today.
In general the road network
consisted of diagonals and
radials, at 30 degree/ 60
degree angles to the main
axis, forming triangles and
hexagons.
12. Lutyens’ Delhi - Zoning
GOVERNME
NT COMPLX
BUNGLOW
ZONE
COMMERCI
AL
DISTRICT
13.
14. • In this whole process almost no
attention was paid to the problems
of Old Delhi. Due to the creation of
New Delhi, Old Delhi experienced
a 28% surge in population from
1916-1926 resulting in the spilling
over of the population from inside
the walled city to the Paharganj
area, whose restructuring was later
abandoned by Lutyens due to
resource constraints.
• Also, no provision of housing was
premeditated for the large no. of
skilled and unskilled workers which
immigrated in for the construction
work of New Delhi.
• This negligence of the planners
towards Old Delhi resulted in its
transformation to a large slum area
through deterioration and
dilapidation.
Drawbacks
We need the source of this entire pattern in settlement vali image
I don’t get this part. Should It even be here?
Lutyens Bungalow Zone (LBZ) is the area spread over 2,800-hectare area with bungalows (houses) for government officials and their administrative offices, during the British Raj. The zone stretches up to Lodhi Road in the south.
