Hyperautomation and AI/ML: A Strategy for Digital Transformation Success.pdf
Applying lean techniques in software
1. 1
Computer Society of India (CSI) &
Software Process Improvement Network (SPIN), Pune Chapters
APPLYING LEAN TECHNIQUES IN
SOFTWARE
Archana Joshi
Sr. Manager - Cognizant
archana.p.joshi@gmail.com
http://in.linkedin.com/in/arcjoshi
March 2014
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Agenda
a) What is Lean:
Lean Origins
Lean Philosophy
b) Lean Techniques:
Value Stream Mapping
Visual Controls
Dependency Structure Matrix
Poka Yoke
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Lean Origins
By the early 60's Toyota had developed a
system to design, manufacture and
market a product that changed the
World.
It allowed them to make vehicles of a
higher quality, in a shorter time frame, at
lower cost with more variety; these
tools can be used to improve almost any
business.
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Lean Philosophy
Lean - A philosophy and a mindset to Remove Waste and
get More from Less
It aims at shortening turn around time, improving product
and service quality while cost is reduced to minimum
possible levels
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Exercise 1 – Identify the types of waste
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Groups of 5
One person is scribe, 4 are Product Owners
Scribe has to write all their names one after another
Only after each name is complete can it be considered as done
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Round 1:
Each one to tell one letter in their name and move on to other person
Repeat until all letters and all names are done
Measure cycle time for each and total response time
Identify types of waste
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Round 2:
Each one to tell one letter in their name, complete all letters in the name
and then move on to other person
• Repeat until all names are done
• Measure cycle time for each and total response time
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Lean Principles
Value
• Specific product that meets a customer’s needs
at a specific price and specific time
• Set of specific actions required to deliver value
Value Stream
• Parts “flow” through a Value Stream
Flow
Pull
Perfection
• Nothing is produced by the upstream provider
until the downstream customer signals a need
• The complete elimination of all waste, so that all
activities along a value stream add value to the
product
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Lean Techniques
5S
DSM
Automate
Single Minute Exchange of Die
5 Whys
Takt time
Competency Maps
Go See Yourself (Gemba)
Pugh matrix
Poka Yoke
Work load levelling
Value Stream mapping
Jidoka
Visual Controls
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Dependency Structure Matrix
• Emerged in 1980 and is promoted by MIT
• A mathematical (square matrix) and visual representation of the
dependencies between various entities in a system
• Entities could be user stories, requirements, tests, tasks,
modules
• www.dsmweb.org
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Exercise 3 – Dependency Structure Matrix
Tasks
Decision to conduct conference
1
Fix convenient date of the conference
2
Fix venue
3
Identify conference key note speaker
4
Invite the key note speaker
5
Prepare attendees list
6
Send Invitations to attendees
7
Arrangement for accommodation
8
Arrangement for beverages and food
9
Buy takeaways for attendess
10
Buy gift for key note speaker
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Arrangements for transportation
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Poka Yoke – Mistake Proofing
A poka-yoke is any mechanism in a lean manufacturing process that
helps an equipment operator avoid (yokeru) mistakes (poka).
Its purpose is to eliminate product defects by preventing, correcting, or
drawing attention to human errors as they occur
USB Cable
Laptop Charger
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Exercise 5 – Poka Yoke
Sam is an UX designer for a data entry application for a Bank. As part of the UX
design he has got following requirements. He needs to design UI based on the
requirements. Can you help Sam with identifying Poka Yoke elements that he
can introduce in his UX design?
Requirements
1. User should be able to enter data in 1 minute
2. Data consists of Client Name, Client Phone Number and Bank Account
3. User should have access only to enter information but not edit existing
information
