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Lean UX: Without Skimping on the Meat 
Assembling better project requirements
Let’s start with an exercise
:D 
much excitement
CAESAR 
● romaine 
● parmesan 
● black olives 
● (optional) chicken 
● caesar dressing 
● croutons 
* extra credit for sardines
: 
meh.
GREEK 
● iceberg 
● feta 
● kalamata olives 
● tomato 
● cucumber 
● peppers 
● red onion 
● (any oil & vinegar will do)
:[ 
somewhat defeated
COBB 
● iceberg 
● boiled egg 
● avocado (if we’re lucky) 
● cheddar 
● tomato 
● bacon bits 
● ranch dressing
negative brand attribution 
> 
:(
Ruh-roh 
Where’d we go wrong?
What to build rather than what to accomplish
Intake Form 
How many pages? _________ 
Stock photography? Yes / No 
Flash? Yes / No 
Internet Explorer? Yes / No 
Will you need a: 
❏ Sign-up form 
❏ Discussion board 
❏ Shopping cart 
❏ “Members only” area
Intake Form 
How many bins? _________ 
Do you like meat? Yes / No 
Do you like bacon? Yes / No 
Want a meaty bacon? Yes / No 
Will you need a: 
❏ Bacon 
❏ Meat 
❏ Meat-Bacon 
❏ Bacon-Meat
Yes, pls.
bacon bacon bacon bacon bacon 
bacon “MEAT” bacon bacon bacon 
bacon bacon bacon 
“I really like 
cheese” 
bacon 
bacon beets bacon bacon 
bacon-flavored 
dressing
Sounds great, but doesn’t solve user problems
GREEK 
● iceberg 
● feta 
● kalamata olives 
● tomato 
● cucumber 
● peppers 
● red onion 
CAESAR 
● romaine 
● parmesan 
COBB 
● iceberg 
● boiled egg 
● avocado 
● cheddar 
● tomato 
● bacon bits 
● ranch dressing
So how do we get to those requirements?
Anthony D Paul 
Sr. UX Designer
To start… 
If you make functional recommendations, 
you’re a UX designer
my perceived needs 
your actual needs 
client we
They’re not wrong 
They know more about their business than you
We’re objective 
Research gives value to our ideas
“lean” 
philosophy
Lean UX 
Use any means to arrive at “good enough” 
answers as quickly as possible 
…minimizing money and effort 
…then show it to a user and try again.
Lean UX 
Any means Comfortable & appropriate tools 
Good enough Define success & solve that 
Quickly Only needed documents 
Show it to a user Solve user problems 
Try again User test & iterate
Lean UX 
Any means Comfortable & appropriate tools 
Good enough Define success & solve that 
Quickly Only needed documents 
Show it to a user Solve user problems 
Try again User test & iterate
Lean UX is a philosophy within a methodology
philosophy 
Lean UX 
define success 
solve user problems 
means 
Tools 
surveys 
interviews 
internet research 
brainstorming sessions 
user scenarios 
IA docs (sitemaps, wires) 
prototypes (paper, code) 
usability tests 
perspective 
? 
right questions 
gain context 
prioritize features
perspective(s) 
situational 
analysis
Ask research questions to… 
Support “Minimum viable product” 
Improve “Not yet addressed / Opportunities 
Innovate “Beyond improvement, change industry?
COMPANY CONTRIBUTORS
CONTRIBUTORS 
only hearing 
decision-makers 
if they’re lucky 
enough to be in 
the room 
COMPANY
COMPANY COMPETITORS CONSUMERS CONTRIBUTORS CLIMATE 
Five C’s of a Situational Analysis
COMPANY 
Support What does my website need to do to 
maintain our existing success? 
Improve How can my website further our 
business, brand, and mission? 
Innovate Are there opportunities to support 
our business in ways not yet imagined? 
decision-makers • brand • finance
COMPETITORS 
Support What is the baseline for survival 
in our market? 
Improve How can my website differentiate 
us from our peers? 
Innovate Are there opportunities to rethink 
how our market operates? 
direct • aspirational • indirect (recruitment)
CONSUMERS 
Support What do our existing consumer 
groups need? 
Improve What consumer groups are 
we ignoring? (ex. media, bloggers) 
Innovate What can we give our consumers that 
doesn’t directly benefit our company? 
(ex. knowledge sharing) 
people • search engines • devices • APIs
CONTRIBUTORS 
Support Who feeds the website (admins and 
consumers) and what are their tasks? 
Improve Which tasks are most repetitive or 
cumbersome and can be optimized? 
Innovate How can we change the focus of a 
contributor’s work from assembly 
worker to expert strategist? 
internal • consumers • APIs
CLIMATE 
Support To be successful, what is 
critical for reception? 
Improve If we fail, what will cause it and 
how can we prevent it? 
Innovate What could we do to change this 
industry entirely? 
today’s market • trend forecast
task analysis 
means
Tasks vs stories 
credit: @alanklement http://is.gd/6RQRwO
Focus on roles (to get to tasks) 
Content writer 
Content editor 
Subscriber 
Job-seeker 
Tweeter 
Associate Co- 
Something or 
Other 
I edit and sometimes 
write. My kid knows 
the tweets.
ex. Content Writer 
Tasks they want to perform 
Write popular posts 
Accumulate quality points 
Tasks we want them to perform 
Promote advertiser products 
Promote recruitment via personal channels
ex. Content Writer 
Motivations Company has financial incentives for 
number of ad clicks per month 
Anxieties Product placement brands aren’t cool 
Influenced by Content Editor, brand, incentives 
Influences Job-seekers, peers, subscribers
ex. Content Writer 
What we learned: 
CW influenced by CE. 
We want CW to promote advertiser products. 
Recommendation: 
Create dashboard for CE to see number of placements by CW. 
Include in-editor tool to recommend spots for product 
placement based on keyword context.
Full circle
philosophy 
Lean UX 
solve real problems via 
better requirements 
means 
Tools 
employ any appropriate 
tools to answer 
perspective 
Five C’s 
ask the right questions 
and define success
GREEK 
● iceberg 
● feta 
● kalamata olives 
● tomato 
● cucumber 
● peppers 
● red onion 
CAESAR 
● romaine 
● parmesan 
COBB 
● iceberg 
● boiled egg 
● avocado 
● cheddar 
● tomato 
● bacon bits 
● ranch dressing
romaine iceberg parmesan feta cheddar 
black olives kalamata olives chicken bacon boiled egg 
tomato red onion peppers cucumber avocado 
croutons La Choy sesame seeds dried cranberries dressings
Worksheet
Thank you 
Communicating Design: Developing Web Site Documentation for Design and Planning 
http://is.gd/Fz4PD1 (Amazon books), Dan Brown 
Situational Analysis: 5C Analysis 
http://is.gd/IXdYS4 Wikipedia 
Designing Features Using Job Stories 
http://is.gd/6RQRwO Smashing Magazine, Alan Klement 
Lean UX: Getting Out of the Deliverables Business 
http://is.gd/FN6b1v Smashing Magazine, Jeff Gothelf 
@anthonydpaul

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Lean UX Without Skimping on the Meat

  • 1. Lean UX: Without Skimping on the Meat Assembling better project requirements
  • 2. Let’s start with an exercise
  • 4. CAESAR ● romaine ● parmesan ● black olives ● (optional) chicken ● caesar dressing ● croutons * extra credit for sardines
  • 6. GREEK ● iceberg ● feta ● kalamata olives ● tomato ● cucumber ● peppers ● red onion ● (any oil & vinegar will do)
  • 8. COBB ● iceberg ● boiled egg ● avocado (if we’re lucky) ● cheddar ● tomato ● bacon bits ● ranch dressing
  • 10. Ruh-roh Where’d we go wrong?
  • 11. What to build rather than what to accomplish
  • 12. Intake Form How many pages? _________ Stock photography? Yes / No Flash? Yes / No Internet Explorer? Yes / No Will you need a: ❏ Sign-up form ❏ Discussion board ❏ Shopping cart ❏ “Members only” area
  • 13. Intake Form How many bins? _________ Do you like meat? Yes / No Do you like bacon? Yes / No Want a meaty bacon? Yes / No Will you need a: ❏ Bacon ❏ Meat ❏ Meat-Bacon ❏ Bacon-Meat
  • 15. bacon bacon bacon bacon bacon bacon “MEAT” bacon bacon bacon bacon bacon bacon “I really like cheese” bacon bacon beets bacon bacon bacon-flavored dressing
  • 16. Sounds great, but doesn’t solve user problems
  • 17. GREEK ● iceberg ● feta ● kalamata olives ● tomato ● cucumber ● peppers ● red onion CAESAR ● romaine ● parmesan COBB ● iceberg ● boiled egg ● avocado ● cheddar ● tomato ● bacon bits ● ranch dressing
  • 18. So how do we get to those requirements?
  • 19. Anthony D Paul Sr. UX Designer
  • 20. To start… If you make functional recommendations, you’re a UX designer
  • 21. my perceived needs your actual needs client we
  • 22. They’re not wrong They know more about their business than you
  • 23. We’re objective Research gives value to our ideas
  • 25. Lean UX Use any means to arrive at “good enough” answers as quickly as possible …minimizing money and effort …then show it to a user and try again.
  • 26. Lean UX Any means Comfortable & appropriate tools Good enough Define success & solve that Quickly Only needed documents Show it to a user Solve user problems Try again User test & iterate
  • 27. Lean UX Any means Comfortable & appropriate tools Good enough Define success & solve that Quickly Only needed documents Show it to a user Solve user problems Try again User test & iterate
  • 28. Lean UX is a philosophy within a methodology
  • 29. philosophy Lean UX define success solve user problems means Tools surveys interviews internet research brainstorming sessions user scenarios IA docs (sitemaps, wires) prototypes (paper, code) usability tests perspective ? right questions gain context prioritize features
  • 31. Ask research questions to… Support “Minimum viable product” Improve “Not yet addressed / Opportunities Innovate “Beyond improvement, change industry?
  • 33. CONTRIBUTORS only hearing decision-makers if they’re lucky enough to be in the room COMPANY
  • 34. COMPANY COMPETITORS CONSUMERS CONTRIBUTORS CLIMATE Five C’s of a Situational Analysis
  • 35. COMPANY Support What does my website need to do to maintain our existing success? Improve How can my website further our business, brand, and mission? Innovate Are there opportunities to support our business in ways not yet imagined? decision-makers • brand • finance
  • 36. COMPETITORS Support What is the baseline for survival in our market? Improve How can my website differentiate us from our peers? Innovate Are there opportunities to rethink how our market operates? direct • aspirational • indirect (recruitment)
  • 37. CONSUMERS Support What do our existing consumer groups need? Improve What consumer groups are we ignoring? (ex. media, bloggers) Innovate What can we give our consumers that doesn’t directly benefit our company? (ex. knowledge sharing) people • search engines • devices • APIs
  • 38. CONTRIBUTORS Support Who feeds the website (admins and consumers) and what are their tasks? Improve Which tasks are most repetitive or cumbersome and can be optimized? Innovate How can we change the focus of a contributor’s work from assembly worker to expert strategist? internal • consumers • APIs
  • 39. CLIMATE Support To be successful, what is critical for reception? Improve If we fail, what will cause it and how can we prevent it? Innovate What could we do to change this industry entirely? today’s market • trend forecast
  • 41. Tasks vs stories credit: @alanklement http://is.gd/6RQRwO
  • 42. Focus on roles (to get to tasks) Content writer Content editor Subscriber Job-seeker Tweeter Associate Co- Something or Other I edit and sometimes write. My kid knows the tweets.
  • 43. ex. Content Writer Tasks they want to perform Write popular posts Accumulate quality points Tasks we want them to perform Promote advertiser products Promote recruitment via personal channels
  • 44. ex. Content Writer Motivations Company has financial incentives for number of ad clicks per month Anxieties Product placement brands aren’t cool Influenced by Content Editor, brand, incentives Influences Job-seekers, peers, subscribers
  • 45. ex. Content Writer What we learned: CW influenced by CE. We want CW to promote advertiser products. Recommendation: Create dashboard for CE to see number of placements by CW. Include in-editor tool to recommend spots for product placement based on keyword context.
  • 47. philosophy Lean UX solve real problems via better requirements means Tools employ any appropriate tools to answer perspective Five C’s ask the right questions and define success
  • 48. GREEK ● iceberg ● feta ● kalamata olives ● tomato ● cucumber ● peppers ● red onion CAESAR ● romaine ● parmesan COBB ● iceberg ● boiled egg ● avocado ● cheddar ● tomato ● bacon bits ● ranch dressing
  • 49. romaine iceberg parmesan feta cheddar black olives kalamata olives chicken bacon boiled egg tomato red onion peppers cucumber avocado croutons La Choy sesame seeds dried cranberries dressings
  • 51.
  • 52. Thank you Communicating Design: Developing Web Site Documentation for Design and Planning http://is.gd/Fz4PD1 (Amazon books), Dan Brown Situational Analysis: 5C Analysis http://is.gd/IXdYS4 Wikipedia Designing Features Using Job Stories http://is.gd/6RQRwO Smashing Magazine, Alan Klement Lean UX: Getting Out of the Deliverables Business http://is.gd/FN6b1v Smashing Magazine, Jeff Gothelf @anthonydpaul