Tecumseh and the prophet; the louisiana purchase

1. The louisiana purchase
Ana Carolina Freire de Azevedo
Cultura Norte-Americana
Mrs. Marta Ramos
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

2. Basic data
• April 30, 1803 • http://www.enchantedlearning.com/expl
orers/gifs/LewisandClarkmap.GIF
• President of the US: Thomas Jefferson
• France sold 2,144,510 square km of
land west of the Mississipi River to the
beginning of the Rocky Mountains.
• Cost: $15 million (nowadays, U$283
million), about 3 cents per acre (they
did not know the soil was good due to
no exploration)
• The Lousiana Purchase encompasses
today's Arkansas, Colorado, Iowa,
Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri,
Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico,
North Dakota, South Dakota,
Oklahoma, Texas and Wyoming.

3. Louisiana
• From 1699 up to 1762 it
belonged to France
Historical context
• 1762: France gave it to
Spain, its ally
• 1800: Napoleon got it
back

4. Historical context
Why did Napoleon sell Louisiana? Why did TJ want to buy Louisiana?
• A French commander lost a battle • Mississipi River: main trading
in Saint-Domingue (Haiti) and had channel for goods shipped among
to cut off the connection to US's the states that bordered with it for
sourthen coast's ports the purposes of commerce with
Asia
• As America's population was
growing quickly, Napoleon thought • Because of that, the government
it would be too difficult to keep wanted to buy New Orleands, an
Louisiana from the American important port city and mouth of
pioneers the river, property of France
• France's navy was not good • What follows is that Napoleon
enough to control lands so far offered the entirety of France's
away from home lands in America, instead of New
Orleans, as the Louisiana
• Selling the land would raise funds Purchase. Some negotiators
to conquer England signed the deal on TJ's behalf,
and the treaty was approved by
24 to 7 in Congress.

5. The lewis & clark
expedition
Meriwether Lewis & William Clark (and Sacagawea)
Beginning: 1804 / End: 1806 / Expedition length: 12,800km
Starting line: northwest up the Missouri River, then west from its end
down to the Pacific Ocean.

6. The expedition
• The government sponsored • During the expedition years,
these expeditors (aka Corps of they gathered information on
Discovery) to explore the west, landscapes, flora, fauna,
which was only a huge wild resources and the Native
back then, right after the Americans that resided there.
Purchase. Their goal was to
study the area's • Among the fauna encountered
fauna/flora/geography and also during the expedition were
to learn how it could be bisons, grizzly bears, prairie
exploited commercially. dogs, bighorn sheep and
antelopes (The guys named a
• They left from Missouri in 1804, pair of birds after themselves:
and came back from the Clark's nutcracker and Lewis's
expedition in 1806. woodpecker.)
• The gathered information filled
journals of 180 species of plants
and 125 of animals yet
unknown to scientists.

7. LEWIS & CLARK
• Lewis, a TJ protegè, was • Clark was the leader of the
better educated and more expedition. He was more of
refined, but also introverted a practical man of action.
and melancholic.
• Clark was appointed to
• Lewis was appointed Superintendency of Indian
Governor of Louisiana Affairs and lived a long life
Territory, but died only in St. Louis, dying at age
three years after the 68 in 1838.
expedition. TJ wrote his
epitaph.

8. • The 1788 Idaho born Lemhi
Shoshone Indian woman who
led the expeditors is
remembered by Americans as a
remarkable woman of strenght
and courage.
sacagawea
There is little known fact on her • Her husband was an abusive
French Canadian named
character and life, but she is Charbonneau. He forced her to
nevertheless marked as a very become one of his wives. It is
important part of the American believed that she was sold to
him. It was not the first time that
history. Sacagawea had been sold; the
same happened before, when
she was sold as a slave by the
Minnetaree, after their attacking
her tribe and kidnapping some
other several women from it.
• Sacagawea was hired by the
Corps of Discovery to serve as
a guide and translator so they
could communicate with the
Shoshone people.

9. Further benefits
• The expedition resulted in another acquisition, the
Oregon Territory. Now, the west was even more
accessible to pioneers coming from the east.
• With the expedition, the American government could
finally understood what the Indians already knew for
years and had tried to pass on: natural informations
(waterfalls, mountains, wetlands etc.), a vast amount
of wildlife and natural resources.

10. Fun facts!
• Sacagawea is in the 2008
movie Night at the Museum,
which portrayed the possibility
of a romance between her &
William Clark. Aside from that,
she is very popularly portrayed
in fictional movies and novels,
and she is in a dollar coin.
• When the expedition reached • Lewis had purchased a
the Pacific the party voted on Newfoundland dog (named
where to spend the winter. York Seaman) right before the
(Clark's slave) and Sacagawea expedition. He made the entire
were both allowed to vote. journey!
That's about 60 years before
slaves were emancipated in the
US and more than a century
before either women or Indians
were granted full rights of
citizenship.

11. For more information:
http://www.lewisclark.net/
http://www.squidoo.com/sacagawea-woc
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/l/lewisandclark.shtml

12. Tecumseh and
tenskwatawa
Names: Tecumtha (Tecumseh) and Lalawethika/Tenskwatawa, the
Prophet
A heroic figure in American indian & Canadian history and his brother,
the “wizard”

13. tecumseh
• Name: Tecumtha
• March 1768 - October 5, 1813
• Leader of the Shawnee
• Tecumseh's Confederacy
(opposes US during Tecumseh's
war and war of 1812)
• Grew up in Ohio County during • At age 15, after the American Rev.
the American Rev. War and War, Tecumseh joined a group of
Northwest Indian War Shawnee natives who wanted to
stop the white invasion of their
• Tecumseh wanted to establish an lands.
independent American Indian
nation east of Mississipi • War of 1812: Alliance with British
(The Canadas) - Killed in the
• Recruited tribes from the South Battle of Thames (oct. 1813)

14. The prophet
• Tenskwatawa (Open Door),
formerly Lalawethika (He
Makes a Loud Noise), was
blind in one eye and very
clumsy with weaponry. In
his adult life, he became an
alcoholic. • In April 1805, he had a
vision: the Master of Life
• He became the village's had told him that the
medicine man after the Indians must give up all
previous one died, but the white culture and products
villagers did not trust him, (such as guns, iron
making his alcohol abuse cookware, alcohol etc.)
even more prominent.
• If they did, He would drive
the whites off their lands.

15. the beginning
• He formed a village in Ohio with his followers. His fame
grew in 1806, when he predicted a sun eclipse (believed
to have been an information passed to him by his
brother, Tecumseh).
• Tecumseh wanted his brother to be credited for the
eclipse because he wanted to form a united front of
Indian tribes (Tecumseh Confederation) west of the
Appalachian Mountains to get the whites off their land.
• Tecumseh and the Prophet plus the Shawnee moved
from Ohio to Indiana, settling Prophetstown in 1808.In
1811, the Confederation was so big that the government
sent an army against them.

16. battle of tippecanoe
• Tecumseh was away, so the Prophet said to their troops that
the Master of Life had come to him and told that the Indians
would succeed in defeating the Americans and that the bullets
would not harm them.
• The American army was surprised by the Indians and suffered
heavy loss (62 killed & 126 wounded out of 1.000 troops). This
was the Battle of Tippecanoe.
• The American army thus proceeded to burn down
Prophetstown. The Indians (rightfully) lost their faith in the
Prophet and returned to their own villages.
• Because the alliance between Tecumseh and his brother fell
off, the Indian faith in surviving the American dominance was
also fading.

17. War of 1812
• Tecumseh and the Prophet made alliance with the
British against the US in the War of 1812, where
Tecumseh was killed during the Battle of Thames
(1813).
• The Prophet tried to regain the Indians's faith upon
himself, but they still remembered the Battle of
Tippecanoe. He still tried among the Shawnee, but
from Canada and back to Ohio, he got no alliances.
• While the Prophet once was the catalyst for one of
the greatest Indian alliances in history, he died, in
1836, as a virtually forgotten figure.

18. That’s a wrap, everyone!
Thanks for listening!