Dec. 2014 - Presentation delivered to Energy and Society students at the University of Iowa about going off grid in the developing world, lighting solutions to provide access to off-gridders in third world countries..

1. GOING OFF
THE GRID
lighting the developing world
Energy and Society –Fall, 2014
Andreza Dantas

2. Not connectedto a main or national electrical grid. Stand-alone systems or mini-grids. Approach to access electricity used in countries and areas with little access to electricity, due to scattered or distant population. Living in a self-sufficient manner without reliance on one or more public utilities.
Wikipedia
Text adapted from Wikipedia Off-the-grid article - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-grid
OFF THE GRID

3. Credit: NASA Earth Observatory, 2012 -http://1.usa.gov/1wezX7V
EARTH AT NIGHT

4. NASA Visible Earth
Source: http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=55167
The brightest areas of the Earth are the most urbanized, but not necessarily the most populated.
CITY LIGHTS

5. South Korea
Australia
US
UK
Japan
China
Brazil
India
ENERGY x GDP
Source: Financial Times -http://www.ft.com/cms/s/1/dcb25698-0603-11db-9dde-0000779e2340.html#axzz3LfRM343X

6. South Korea
Australia
US
UK
Japan
China
Brazil
India
Source: Financial Times -http://www.ft.com/cms/s/1/dcb25698-0603-11db-9dde-0000779e2340.html#axzz3LfRM343X
DEVELOPED NATIONS
Going off-grid = Lifestyle
ENERGY x GDP

7. South Korea
Australia
US
UK
Japan
China
Brazil
India
Source: Financial Times -http://www.ft.com/cms/s/1/dcb25698-0603-11db-9dde-0000779e2340.html#axzz3LfRM343X
DEVELOPING NATIONS
Off-grid living = Social- economic exclusion
ESPECIALLY
Developing Asia and Africa
ENERGY x GDP

8. OVER 1.2 BILLION
Data: World Bank Energy Overview -http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/energy/overview
people lack access to electricity worldwide
A population equivalent to the entire OECD member countries population

9. International Energy Agency -IEA
http://www.iea.org/topics/energypoverty/
Lack of access to modern energy services. These services are defined as household access to electricity and clean cooking facilities.
ENERGY POVERTY

10. ENERGY POVERTY
Africa has the highest percentage of people living without electricity.
Recent studies accounted for
1.4 billion people living in energy poverty and another 1 billion of “under-electrified” people
Source: A.T. Kearney/GOGLA, 2014 -http://global-off-grid-lighting-association.org/wp- content/uploads/2013/09/A-T-Kearney-GOGLA.pdf
Source: IEA -WEO-2012 - http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/media/weowebsite/energydevelopment/2012updates/Measuringprogresstowardsenergyforall_WEO2012.pdf

11. USING OLD
ENERGY SERVICES
in the developing world

12. FOR LIGHTING
kerosene lamps, candles and
Photo credit: http://thinkquestionchoose.blogspot.com/2012_04_01_archive.html
battery-powered flashlights

13. FOR COOKING
biomass is burned, firewood
Photo credit: http://practicalaction.org/blog/author/samdurham/
is the dominant fuel

14. SEVERAL
IMPACTS
on social, economic and environmental
spheres due to the continued use of
old energy services

15. HEALTH+SOCIAL IMPACTS
eye irritation, coughing, allergies, chest pain and DEATH
restricted social and personal activities after dark
animal bites and crimes (rape/sexual assault)
Source: A.T. KEARNEY/GOGLA (2014) http://global-off-grid-lighting-association.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/A-T-Kearney-GOGLA.pdf.
increased risk of fire and accidents

16. ECONOMIC IMPACTS
10-15% of household’s income is spent for lighting
restricted community and familiar economic development
Source: GOGLA/A.T. KEARNEY (2014) http://global-off-grid-lighting-association.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/A-T-Kearney-GOGLA.pdf.
governments subsides kerosene

17. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
release of chemicals into the soil and groundwater (batteries)
Source: A.T. KEARNEY/GOGLA (2014) http://global-off-grid-lighting-association.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/A-T-Kearney-GOGLA.pdf.
emissions of 270,000 tons of black carbon* annually
* 2nd largest contributor to global warming. Warming effect produced is equivalent to 240 million tons of CO2, almost 5% of U.S. annual emissions

18. ALTERNATIVE
SOLUTIONS
off-grid solutions
to improve people’s life quality
and economic conditions

19. WHERE SOME SEE PROFITS…
According to A.T. Kearney/GOGLA (2014), there is a market for Solar Off-Grid Lighting Products (SOGLPs) and improved financing can promote the industry growth.

20. SOLAR OFF-GRID LIGHTING PRODUCTS (SOGLPs)
Source: A.T. KEARNEY/GOGLA (2014) http://global-off-grid-lighting-association.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/A-T-Kearney-GOGLA.pdf.

21. … OTHERS GO NON-PROFIT
and harness the chance to practice social innovation

22. ONCE UPON A TIME…
Photo credit: NASA -http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/apollo/apollo15/hires/as15-91-12343.jpg

23. YEAR: 2002
ELECTRICAL POWER CUTS
WERE CONSTANT IN BRAZIL
Hydro can be a problem when a country relies on a single source for energy production

24. A MAN
ALFREDO MOSER
created a solar bottle light bulb as a response to those events
Photo credit: http://s1.dmcdn.net/CfpAK/1280x720-rDr.jpg

25. + bleach

26. SPREAD THE IDEA TO OTHER PLACES
Photo credit: http://www.jciduwaling.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/704618_176955932448885_631116121_o-1.jpg
Liter of Light is a project run by My Shelter Foundation.

27. HOW DOES IT WORK?

30. UPGRADE
LITER OF LIGHT @ NIGHT
Video: 41s -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3tJQWyNdf0

31. THANK
YOU!
Andreza Dantas