these slides contain some information regarding carcinoma

2. Causes and Risk Factors
• Exact causes unknown
• Most cases of endometrial carcinoma are shown to
carry
 sporadic somatic mutations,
 copy number variations,
 epigenetic modifications involved in several
molecular processes or pathways (eg, DNA mismatch
repair, chromatin remodeling, PIK3CA, Wnt/β-
catenin, KRAS, FGFR2)

3. Risk Factors And Associations :
• PHYSIOLOGIC: Obesity, nulliparity, early menarche and late
menopause
• PATHOLOGIC: DM,PCOS
• EXPOSURE: unopposed estrogen therapy, Tamoxifen
• FAMILY HISTORY: Lynch 2, subset of HNPCC.

4. Take Home Message
• Endometrial Carcinoma mainly is a disease of
post menopausal women
• Prognosis is Fairly Good(An estimated 66% of people with a
uterine adenocarcinoma are diagnosed at an early stage. This is largely
due to the presence of abnormal vaginal bleeding as an early symptom)
• Radiotherapy remain integral aspects of
adjuvant therapy.
• Healthy lifestyle and physical activity have
preventive role

5. Diagnosis
• History,
• Physical Examination(pelvic examination).
• Endometrial biopsy
• Dilation and curettage (D&C).
• Transvaginal ultrasound.
• Computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
• Biomarker and Genetic testing of the tumor.

6. Molecular Analysis