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Anatomy & Physiology Lecture Notes - Brain
1. 1. List and describe the 5 elements of a reflex
arc.
2. List an example of a reflex.
3. What is the difference between a reflex and
a voluntary reaction?
4. L & R hemispheres
Corpus callosum: large fiber tract; connects 2
hemispheres
Lobes: major regions (named for cranial bones)
ParietalParietal, frontalfrontal, occipitaloccipital, temporaltemporal
Gyri (gyrus) = elevated ridges of tissue
Sulci (sulcus) = shallow grooves
Fissures = deeper grooves, separate large
regions of brain
Motor & sensory function: opposite hemispheres
12. 3 main structures:
1. Thalamus: relay station for incoming info
2. Hypothalamus:
A. Autonomic control center (heart rate, BP, digestion)
B. Emotional response (limbic system)
C. Body temperature regulation
D. Regulate food intake
E. Sleep-wake cycles
F. Control endocrine system pituitary gland at base
3. Epithalamus: pineal gland (sleep-wake cycle)
18. Meninges: connective tissue covering CNS structures
Dura mater (leathery outer), arachnoid mater
(web-like middle), pia mater (surface of brain)
Meningitis: inflammation of meninges; bacterial or
viral infection
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): watery cushion to protect
NS from trauma
Lumbar (spinal) tap – test for infection, tumors,
multiple sclerosis