Kidney anatomy, just as the name implies.

4. 


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Kidney is a bean-shaped organ the size of a fist.
They are retroperitoneal structures situated
between T11 and L3 vertebrae.
The upper poles of kidneys are more medial and
posterior than the inferior poles.
They’re practically 150 grams in males, 135 in
females, 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 in width, and 2-3
cm thick.
Each kidney is surrounded by perirenal fat,
pararenal fat, and peritoneum, respectively.

7. 

Right kidney is partially covered by
duodenum, colon, liver, and small intestine.
Left kidney is covered by stomach, splenorenal
ligament, small intestine, descending colon, tail
of pancreas, and most probably transverse
mesocolon.

23. 


Inferior phrenic artery originates from the aorta
just above the celiac trunk which then divides
into the superior suprarenal arteries.
Middle suprarenal arteries is derived from the
aorta.
Inferior suprarenal arteries divide from the
renal artery.

28. 
The kidney is innervated parasympathetically
by cranial nerve X, vagus nerve, and
sympathetically by splanchnic nerves from T10
through L1.

32. 



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Left kidney is approximately 1.5 cm higher
than the right. Why is that? It’s because the
liver presses on the right kidney.
Right kidney has pyramidal suprarenal gland,
whilst left kidney has more oval gland.
Longer vein to the left and longer artery to the
right.
Left Kidney is larger, longer, and more slender
than right.
Anterior and posterior surfaces of each kidney
are related to different structures.

33. o
Here it is:
-VaU: Vein, artery, ureter in that order
anteroposteriorly.
- You can also stare at the adrenal gland.

34. Prepared by Amjad M. Taha Shamsi Basha
Revised by Mohammad Khalifa