This presentation is about Trade Unions, Politics, Wages, Wage Differentials in Indian context

1. Trade Unions, Wages & Wage Differential Presentation by: Aman Arora Student (PhD - HRM) University Business School [email_address]

2. Trade Unions

4. Times Of India, 21 Aug’ 08

5. The Economic Times, 27 Aug’ 08 Trade unions to march to Parliament over labour issues To protest against price rise, speculative trading, FDI in retail sector, non implementation of social security laws and other labour laws effectively and globalisation in several sectors, the Trade Union Centre of India (TUCI) will organise a march to Parliament on August 29. Workers from Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Orissa, Mahrashtra, Gujarat, Bengal and other states will participate in the march, which will start from 10 am on August 29 after the they assemble at Jantar Mantar before heading for Parliament. The march will culminate into a public meeting at Parliament gates. Memorandum of their demands will be submitted to the President, the Prime Minister and the Labour Minister by a delegation. A communique from the trade union informed that it will also organise a seminar at the hall of the Gandhi Peace Foundation on August 28 where CPI(ML), TUCI , Mill Mazdoor Union , New Socialist Movement, Gujarat Trade Union Federation and other trade union leaders will hold a discourse on the issues.

6. Times Of India, 28 Aug’ 08

7. The Economic Times, 29 Aug’ 08

8. Opinion about Trade Unions ? Good/ Bad

11. Kolkata , May 7, 2008: Activists from All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) burn effigy of U.S. President George W. Bush during protest against remarks where Bush cited growing prosperity in India as a cause for rising global food prices

14. Trade unions suffer from poor public image. Positive contributions of trade unions go unnoticed and unrecognized. Q) Can we associate trade unions with more efficient production? Q) Do we have some evidence on trade union’s role in economic development? Q) Can trade unions enhance competitiveness of nations? A few industry studies indicate that “YES” * * C S Venkata Ratnam, “Industrial Relations”, p 88, Oxford University Press

16. Wages

20. Payment of Wages Act, 1937 Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 Minimum Wages Act, 1948 Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 To prohibit any delay or withholding of wages Authorizing all state governments to set up industrial tribunals which would look into disputes relating to remuneration Fixation of minimum rates of wages to workers Prohibits discrimination in matters relating to remuneration on the basis of religion, sex etc. With all these Acts in place, are there no disparities in wages?

22. Wage Differential

24. Occupational Differentials Different occupations require different qualifications, skills and different degree of responsibility 1. To induce workers to undertake “more demanding”, “more risky” jobs. 2. Encourage workers to develop skills in anticipation of higher earnings in future. 3. To perform social function by way of determining the social status of workers.

27. Personal Wage Differentials Arise because of differences in personal characteristics (age or sex) of workers who work in the same plant and the same occupation. In occupations which involve muscular work, women workers are employed but paid less than men workers “Equal pay for equal work” I.L.O. convention (No. 100) Industrial courts Labour Tribunals Minimum Wages Committee Fare Wage Committee

28. Why all the labor is not done by hardened hands?

29. Sector Differentials Depends upon nature of workers group (organized/ unorganized) and level of economic development of the sector. Agricultural workers are not able to better their living conditions, whereas workers in industrial sectors have their own unions to fight for them.

31. Thanks