Visualizing diasporas

Visualizing Diasporas
Alvaro Lima, June 2013
Transnational
Communities- not your grandfather’s diaspora -

Traditional Understanding – The Migration Flow
ADMISSION:
Who? How many?
What kind?

poverty
stagnation
overpopulation
etc…
Traditional Understanding – The Migration Flow
WHY?

Country
Total
Population
(millions)
Population
from
Developing
Countries
(millions)
Percent of
Total
Population
Top Five
Source
Countries
(percent of
total)
Top Five Source
Countries
United States
Spain
France
UK
Netherlands
Portugal
Japan
281.4
40.8
58.5
58.8
16.0
10.4
127
28.4
1.5
3.7
3.0
1.2
0.5
1.2
10.1
3.7
6.4
5.1
7.6
4.5
1.0
45.2
44.2
20.4
30.1
48.6
62.8
69.6
Mexico, Philippines, Puerto
Rico, India, China
Morocco, Ecuador,
Colombia, Argentina,
Venezuela
Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia,
Turkey, Vietnam
India, Pakistan,
Bangladesh, Jamaica,
South Africa
Suriname, Turkey,
Indonesia, Morocco,
Netherlands Antilles
Angola, Mozambique,
Brazil, Cape Verde,
Venezuela
North Korea, South Korea,
China, Brazil, Philippines
Foreign-Born Population of Rich OECD Countries from Developing Countries
Source: Let Their People Come, Lant Pritchett, 2006

Integration policies are skeletal, ad hoc, under-funded and
dominated by the ideology of assimilation – MELTING POT
labor market
housing
education
etc…
Traditional Understanding – The Settlement
ESOL
entrepreneurship

Immigrants forge economic, social, cultural and political relations that link
together their societies of origin and settlement…
New Understand - Immigrant Transnationalism

Drivers of Transnationalism
 Developments in the means of transportation and
communications have changed the relations between people
and places (costs);
 International migrations have become crucial to the
demographic future of many developed countries;
 Global political transformations and new international legal
regimes weakened the state as the only legitimate source of
rights;
 Fostered by global consumption, global production, and
immigration, cultural hybridization are substituting folkloric
romanticism and political nationalism enshrined as essences
of national cultures;

Some Implications of Transnationalism
 Portability becomes crucial for transnational migrants –
education and certification processes; investment and
retirement schemes, health insurance, etc.;
 The concept of “community,” “society,” as well as
“the local,” must be redefined as space of flows
(relationships), pluri-local and nation-state-boarder
spanning, instead of bounded geographic places –
geographic and social container spaces;
 Transnational immigrant entrepreneurs’ contributions to the economy have to be
recognized as such and not as just “ethnic;”
 Nation-state ideals of identity in both sending and receiving countries are challenged
by transnational practices – double citizenship, transnational rights, regimens, etc…;
 States must re-conceive immigration and adapt their policies and practices to
accommodate transnational realities;

Transnational
platform
New Possibilities – Transnational Platform(s)
Transnational
platform

First Generation Innovation Portfolio
 Digaai.com
 Transnational Index
 Diaspora Capital Services
 Educational Delivery & Partnership Models
 Health Care Management & Insurance Provision
 Social Security
 Political Representation

it
Brazil
Japan
United
States
Portugal
Angola
Spain
Paraguay
Brazilian Transnational
Community
Digaai Transnational
Platform
capture everyday life practices
capture social
practices
capture economic
activity
(PHASE I)
SEARCH AGGREGATE ARCHIVE CURATE
PHASE II
DATAVERSE
…
SLIDESHARE
…

it
Brazilian Transnational Community
capture everyday life practices
capture social
practices
capture economic
activity
(PHASE I)
SEARCH AGGREGATE ARCHIVE CURATE
(PHASE II)
MASHUPS JOURNALING TAGGCLOUDS …
GeneralModel
Transnational Platform Model
WIKI
…
DATAHUB
…
DATAVERSE
…
SLIDESHARE
…

Conectando brasileiros mundo
afora
www.digaai.com
digaaí - [dig-ă-ēē ]
1. To give your opinion; to
speak up; popular Brazilian
expression used as a greeting
such as “What is happening?”
or “How are you doing?”
2. di-ga [verb] – to say; to
express; to enunciate; to
present an idea or opinion; to
inform or affirm
3. a-í [adverb] – here; in this
place; close to the person
you’re speaking with

Other
Tools:
http://digaai836.apphb.com/acervo
Newspaper
s &
Magazines
http://digaai836.apphb.com/acervoVideos
http://mapa.digaai.org/index.php
Web News

Infographic
s
Vojo
Yelow page
http://varjotahoje.com/rb/grafico01.php
http://vojo.co/en/users/digaai
http://viuachou.com/index.php

http://exaptive.com/
Data
visualization of
Brazilian
Immigrant
newspapers

Existing
Data:
MEASURING
TRANSNATIONALISM

$875
$398
$331
$218
$-
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
Brazil
Ecuador
México
Guatemala
Guyana
Dominican R.
Colombia
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Honduras
Cuba
Monthly Remittance by Nationality
$278 $274
$192 $188 $185 $177
$113
ABOVE AVERAGE
BELOW AVERAGE
AVERAGE = $294
45.4%
20.5%
17.8%
5.1% 4.9% 3.7%
1.6% 0.8% 0.2%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
Foods and spices
Videos, DVDs, CDs
Clothing
Newspapers/magazines
Books
Alcohol
Cigarettes
Craft Items
Others
Purchasing of Nostalgic Products Among Brazilians
37.6%
28.9%
26.0%
5.5%
1.6%
0.3%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
Does not
have / NR
Checking
account
Savings
account
Credit card Investment
account
Foreign
currency
savings
Financial Accounts in Country of Origin - Brazil
MEASURING
TRANSNATIONALIS
M

46.6%
36.80%
27.0%
22.7%
20.0%
15.3%
14.0%
10.3%
9.1%
5.7%
3.7%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
40.0%
45.0%
50.0%
Guyana
Brazil
Ecuador
Honduras
Colombia
Nicaragua
Dominican R.
México
Cuba
El Salvador
Guatemala
Help Beyond Remittances
AVERAGE = 19.2%
ABOVE AVERAGE
BELOW AVERAGE
19
26.3%
12.4%
10.0%
6.7%
5.0%
4.0% 3.5% 3.3% 2.8% 2.4%
0.0%
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
Guyana
Brazil
Ecuador
Honduras
Colom
bia
Nicaragua
Mexico
Dom
inican
R.
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Cuba
Support of Hometown Associations
AVERAGE = 6.7%
ABOVE AVERAGE
BELOW AVERAGE
MEASURING
TRANSNATIONALIS
M

FINDINGS FROM
2007 SURVEY OF
BRAZILIAN
REMITTERS IN
MASSACHUSETTS

Existing
Data:
U.S Census &
American Community
Survey

Total Foreign-Born and Total Foreign-Born BrazilianTotal Foreign-Born and Total Foreign-Born Brazilian
Populations in the United StatesPopulations in the United States
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 1994 1996 1999 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Thousands
Millions
Immigration Trends in the U.S. (1930-2007)
TotalForeign-Born Brazilians
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BRA Research Division Analysis
1982 deadline
for U.S.
residence
Immigratio
n Reform
and
Control
Act of
1986
Immigration
Act of 1965
Welfare
Reform Act
of 1996
US
Patriot
Act of
2001

United States
Ranking Country 31,107,889
1 Mexico 9,177,487
2 China: 1,518,652
3 Philippines 1,369,070
4 India 1,022,552
5 Vietnam 988,174
6 Cuba 872,716
7 Korea 864,125
8 Canada 820,771
9 El Salvador 817,336
10 Germany 706,704
11 Dominican Republic 687,677
12 United Kingdom 677,751
13 Jamaica 553,827
14 Colombia 509,872
15 Guatemala 480,665
16 Italy 473,338
17 Poland 466,742
18 Haiti 419,317
19 Japan 347,539
20 Russia 340,177
21 Ecuador 298,626
22 Iran 283,226
23 Honduras 282,852
24 Peru 278,186
25 Ukraine 275,153
26 Pakistan 223,477
27 Nicaragua 220,335
28 Brazil 212,428
29 Guyana 211,189
Population Ranking – United States, 2000
Source: U.S. Census 2000, SF3 Data Sample, BRA Research
Division Analysis
United States
Rankings Countries Estimate
1 Mexico 11,424,600
2 China: 1,870,796
4 India 1,469,946
5 Vietnam 1,098,664
6 El Salvador 1,053,978
7 Korea 1,016,207
8 Cuba 940,031
9 Canada 840,197
12 Germany 637,967
13 Jamaica 612,567
14 Colombia 584,735
15 Haiti 504,750
16 Poland 487,597
17 Italy 413,749
18 Honduras 406,476
19 Russia 389,159
20 Peru 384,891
21 Ecuador 383,060
22 England 374,792
23 Japan 355,293
24 Taiwan 352,602
25 Brazil 342,732
26 Iran 321,151
27 Ukraine 317,945
28 Pakistan 263,458
29 Guyana 250,878
31 Trinidad and Tobago 221,893
32 Hong Kong 209,949
Source: American Community Survey (ACS), 2007, BRA Research
Division Analysis
Population Ranking – Brazilian Population, 2000 and 2007

Massachusetts
Ranking Country 772,983
1 Portugal 66,627
2 China: 54,450
3
Dominican
Republic
46,744
4 Canada 40,247
5 Brazil 36,669
6 Haiti 33,862
7 Vietnam 30,457
8 Italy 28,319
9 India 28,086
Population Ranking –
Massachusetts, 2000
Metro Boston
1 China 34,086
2 Haiti 28,336
3 Brazil 26,360
4 Canada 25,672
5
Dominican
Republic
24,124
6 Italy 21,929
7 India 20,048
8 Vietnam 19,342
10 Portugal* 16,035
Population Ranking – Metro Boston, 2000
Source: U.S. Census 2000, Public Use Microdata (PUM) 5%
Sample, BRA Research Division Analysis
Boston
Ranking Total: 151,836
1 Haiti 15,423
2 China: 13,497
3
Dominican
Republic
12,608
4 Vietnam 9,741
5 El Salvador 6,318
6 Jamaica 6,315
7 Cape Verde 6,076
8 Colombia 5,001
9 Ireland 4,951
10 Brazil 4,652
Population Ranking – Boston, 2000
Source: U.S. Census 2000, SF3 Data Sample, BRA
Research Division Analysis
Boston: 10th
Metro Boston: 3rd
Massachusetts: 5th
United States: 28th
Population Ranking – Brazilian Population, 2000 and 2007
Massachusetts
1 Brazil 76,934
2 China 69,707
3 Portugal 61,720
5 Haiti 41,379
6 India 39,612
7 Vietnam 34,897
8 Canada 34,185
9 Italy 26,285
Population Ranking –
Massachusetts, 2007
Source: American Community Survey, ACS, 2007, BRA
Research Division Analysis
Boston
1 China: 14,220
2 Haiti 14,169
4 Vietnam 9,179
5 El Salvador 7,641
6 Colombia 7,174
7 Jamaica 6,781
8 Brazil 6,731
9 Mexico 4,044
10 Ireland 3,499
Boston: 8th
Metro Boston:
Massachusetts: 1th
United States: 25th
Source: American Community Survey, ACS, 2007,
BRA Research Division Analysis

United States
Ranking Country 31,107,889
1 Mexico 9,177,487
2 China: 1,518,652
4 India 1,022,552
5 Vietnam 988,174
6 Cuba 872,716
7 Korea 864,125
8 Canada 820,771
10 Germany 706,704
13 Jamaica 553,827
14 Colombia 509,872
16 Italy 473,338
17 Poland 466,742
18 Haiti 419,317
19 Japan 347,539
20 Russia 340,177
21 Ecuador 298,626
22 Iran 283,226
23 Honduras 282,852
24 Peru 278,186
25 Ukraine 275,153
26 Pakistan 223,477
28 Brazil 212,428
29 Guyana 211,189
Division Analysis
Massachusetts
1 Portugal 66,627
2 China: 54,450
4 Canada 40,247
5 Brazil 36,669
6 Haiti 33,862
7 Vietnam 30,457
8 Italy 28,319
9 India 28,086
Population Ranking – Massachusetts, 2000
Metro Boston
1 China 34,086
2 Haiti 28,336
3 Brazil 26,360
4 Canada 25,672
6 Italy 21,929
7 India 20,048
8 Vietnam 19,342
10 Portugal* 16,035
Population Ranking – Metro Boston, 2000
Source: U.S. Census 2000, Public Use Microdata (PUM) 5% Sample,
BRA Research Division Analysis
Boston
Ranking Total: 151,836
1 Haiti 15,423
2 China: 13,497
4 Vietnam 9,741
5 El Salvador 6,318
6 Jamaica 6,315
7 Cape Verde 6,076
8 Colombia 5,001
9 Ireland 4,951
10 Brazil 4,652
Division Analysis
Boston: 10th
Metro Boston: 3rd
Massachusetts: 5th
United States: 28th
Population Ranking – Brazilian Population, 2000

Source: U.S. Bureau of Census, BRA Research Division Analysis, Digital Cartography & GIS

Percentage of Brazilians by County – United States

Number of Brazilians by Census Tract - Massachusetts

Number of Brazilians by Census Tract – Boston and North
Shore

Number of Brazilians by Census Tract – Boston’s Metro West

Number of Brazilians by Census Tract – South Shore and Cape Cod &
Islands

Percentage of BraziliansPercentage of Brazilians
by Census Tracts – Cityby Census Tracts – City
of Bostonof Boston
Source: U.S. Bureau of Census, BRA Research Division
Analysis, Digital Cartography & GIS

Number of Brazilians byNumber of Brazilians by
Census Tracts – City ofCensus Tracts – City of
BostonBoston

Number of Brazilians by Census Tracts – FloridaNumber of Brazilians by Census Tracts – Florida

Number of Brazilians by Census Tracts – CaliforniaNumber of Brazilians by Census Tracts – California

Number of Brazilians by Census Tracts – MiamiNumber of Brazilians by Census Tracts – Miami

Number of Brazilians by Census Tracts – OrlandoNumber of Brazilians by Census Tracts – Orlando

Number of Brazilians by Census Tracts – San FranciscoNumber of Brazilians by Census Tracts – San Francisco
BayBay

Number of Brazilians by Census Tracts – Los AngelesNumber of Brazilians by Census Tracts – Los Angeles

Fonte: Fazendo America, Alvaro Lima & Pete Plastrik, 2007

Other database:
 Naturalizations
 Removals
 Brazilian Immigrant voting patterns
 Brazilians by countries
 Brazilian data from other countries (census, reports, etc…)
 Existing studies
 Brazilian census
 Other databases

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