Enhancing language skills in low-income kindergartners through pretend play
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Enhancing language skills in low-income kindergartners through pretend play
- 1. Let's Pretend An Intervention to Enhance Language Development in Low-Income Kindergartners Ann Cale Kruger Educational Psychology and Special Education
- 8. Starting Point for the Sample
- 9. Data Sources (services) (services) (services) Sb intervention intervention X control intervention Year 2 2006-7 intervention intervention S (services) intervention B control X T X X H intervention control G Year 3 2007-8 Year 1 2005-6 School
- 10. Data Collected (Pre and Post) X Kindergarten Language Development (PPVT, TOLD) Emotion Understanding GKAP& Grades Writing 1st Grade CRCT Scores (ELA, Reading, Math) Grades Year 2 (06-07) Kindergarten Language Development (PPVT, TOLD) Emotion Understanding GKAP & Grades Writing X Cohort 3 1st Grade CRCT Scores (ELA, Reading, Math) Grades X Cohort 2 2nd Grade CRCT Scores (ELA, Reading, Math) Grades Kindergarten Language Development (PPVT, TOLD) Emotion Understanding GKAP & Grades Cohort 1 Year 3 (07-08) Year 1(05-06)
- 13. Grammatic Understanding TOLD Percentiles
- 15. Vocabulary Mean Number Per Story
- 16. Sentences Mean Number Per Story
- 20. Writing Quality Percentage of Students with Improvement over Time
- 22. Report Card Grades First Grade (Cohorts 1 & 2)
- 23. Language Arts CRCT First Grade (Cohorts 1 & 2)
- 24. Report Card Grades Second Grade (Cohort 1 only)
- 26. Report Card Grades First Grade (Cohorts 1& 2) Special Needs Only
- 27. CRCT Language Arts First Grade (Cohorts 1& 2) Special Needs Only
- 28. CRCT Reading First Grade (Cohort 1& 2) Special Needs Only
- 29. CRCT Mathematics First Grade (Cohort 1& 2) Special Needs Only
Editor's Notes
- Does not meet expectations (ie , <50%ile)
- P=.004 Effect size =.015 Power=.83
- P=.00 Effect size=.06 Power=.98
- P=.00 Effect size=.05 Power=.96
- Scored as present or absent . Nonparametric based on number of students who improved from pretest to posttest
- P=.01 Effect size=.03 Power=.78
- 800-849 = meets expectations P=.04 Effect size=.015 Power=.55
- P=.00 Effect size=.06 Power=.80
- Does not meet expectations (ie , <50%ile)
- P=.03 Effect size=.17 Power=.61
- P=.01 Effect size=.06 Power=.71
- P=.00 Effect size=.08 Power=.86
- P=.00 Effect size=.08 Power=.86